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Austronesian

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・

UK

A1 初級

n. (c./u.)名詞 (可數/不可數)南島

adj.形容詞南島

n. (c./u.)名詞 (可數/不可數)南島

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兩個臺灣，兩個中國，兩倍的答案！ (Two Taiwans, Two Chinas, Twice)

兩個臺灣，兩個中國，兩倍的答案！ (Two Taiwans, Two Chinas, Twice)

The Austronesian civilisation was, oceanically speaking, far ahead of the rest of the world in its development.
今天，我們將重點關注語言，但同樣的情況也可以在生物學或考古學中找到。
The Austronesian civilisation was, oceanically speaking, far ahead of the rest of the world in its development.
......除非你自己是一名班圖族部落成員，

世界上最「特別」的國家是巴布亞紐幾內亞？！ (Geography of Papua New Guinea: The Most Interesting Country in the World?)

世界上最「特別」的國家是巴布亞紐幾內亞？！ (Geography of Papua New Guinea: The Most Interesting Country in the World?)

But unlike most languages in the country, it comes from the Austronesian language family.
如今，它擁有約 100 000 個揚聲器。
But unlike most languages in the country, it comes from the Austronesian language family.
但與該國大多數語言不同的是，它來自南島語系。

為何臺灣東岸幾乎沒人？ (Why Taiwan's East Coast Is Basically Empty)

為何臺灣東岸幾乎沒人？ (Why Taiwan's East Coast Is Basically Empty)

It's not actually recognized as an independent state and this has a lot to do with how and why Taiwan was settled by China and One of the most important things to remember in this story is that the island has been home to indigenous peoples for thousands of years These people are not directly related to the Chinese In fact, they are Austronesian speaking groups who arrived along the same migration patterns as New Zealand, Polynesia Hawaii and Indonesia these indigenous groups developed distinct cultures and lived in scattered communities Primarily in the mountainous interior and along the coasts their presence remains a significant part of Taiwan's identity today Though they make up only about 2% of the population or about 600,000 people So in a way Taiwan is as much of a colonized country as many parts of the Western Hemisphere But let's get back to how modern Taiwan was established the earliest mentions of Taiwan interacting with China begin around the year 230 when military troops from the Eastern Wu Kingdom of China's Three kingdoms period landed on its shores though There is some debate on whether this was actually Taiwan that they landed on or not Various reports would include some mention of Taiwan albeit under different names for the next 1,400 years During the 1600s Taiwan became a contested territory the Dutch established a colony in the south the Spanish briefly held territory in the north and Chinese settlers mostly from Fujian province Gradually moved on to the island the Dutch were eventually expelled by Koxinga a Ming loyalist who used Taiwan as a base of resistance against the Qing Dynasty however his rule was short-lived as Qing forces took control of Taiwan in 1683 and Incorporated it into their Empire for over two centuries Taiwan remained under Qing rule though its position on the Empire's periphery meant it was often overlooked this changed in 1895 when the Qing were forced to cede Taiwan to Japan after their defeat in the first Sino-Japanese war the Japanese brought Modernization to the island building infrastructure railways and industry while also implementing strict colonial rule Though resistance existed Japan's influence reshaped Taiwan leaving a legacy that persists in aspects of its architecture education and economy after Japan's defeat in World War two Taiwan was handed back to China in 1945 and this proved to be very lucky for the Taiwan that exists today While remaining as a backwater through much of China's history Taiwan would eventually occupy a prominent place in the Chinese Civil War which had begun in the late 1920s The Nationalist Republic of China government under Chiang Kai-shek fought against the communist forces led by Mao Zedong despite initial advantages the Nationalists suffered a series of devastating defeats due to poor leadership corruption and dwindling public support by 1949 the communists had gained control of mainland China Forcing the Nationalist government to retreat to Taiwan Chiang Kai-shek and his followers established their base on the island bringing with them millions of refugees military forces and much of China's cultural and financial wealth at the time though the Nationalist government continued to claim sovereignty over all of China its control was Effectively limited to Taiwan and a few offshore islands It was during this period that saw much of the Western world namely the United States Canada and Western Europe aligned with Taiwan and recognized it as a country leaving mainland China as a global outsider however between 1950 and 1971 this recognition gradually eroded as Western countries sought to recognize mainland China as the sole China in order to establish trade with the much larger economic base and Because mainland China still claimed ownership of Taiwan it mandated that no country could recognize Taiwan as an independent country Despite the fact that it is independent for all intents and purposes This isolated Taiwan from global diplomacy, but not from global trade despite its diplomatic isolation Taiwan's economy surged in the late 1900s transforming from an agrarian society into a global industrial and technological powerhouse Democratic reforms began in the late 1980s culminating in the first direct presidential election in 1996 since then Taiwan has functioned as a democratic society distinct from mainland China Despite Beijing's continued claims over the island which leads us to today's population divide Hey, sorry for the interruption.
實際上，臺灣並不被承認為一個獨立的國家，這與中國和印度尼西亞如何以及為何在臺灣定居有很大關係。在這個故事中，最重要的一點是，數千年來，臺灣一直是原住民的家園、這些原住民發展出獨特的文化，分散居住在內陸山區和沿海地區，他們的存在至今仍是臺灣身份的重要組成部分、但讓我們回到現代臺灣是如何建立起來的。最早提到臺灣與中國的互動始於 230 年左右，當時來自中國三國時期東吳王國的軍隊在臺灣海岸登陸，但關於他們登陸的是否真的是臺灣還存在一些爭議、在 1600 年代，臺灣成為一塊有爭議的領土，荷蘭人在南部建立了殖民地，

當今臺灣生活的 10 個驚人現實 | 旅遊紀錄片 (10 Shocking Realities About Life In Taiwan Today | Travel Documentary)

當今臺灣生活的 10 個驚人現實 | 旅遊紀錄片 (10 Shocking Realities About Life In Taiwan Today | Travel Documentary)

Before Chinese immigrants arrived, Taiwan was home to Austronesian peoples who had lived on the island for thousands of years.
在中國移民到達之前，臺灣是南島民族的家園，他們在島上生活了數千年。
What many people don't realize is that Taiwan's indigenous peoples are part of the Austronesian family that spread across the Pacific, reaching as far as Madagascar, Easter Island, and New Zealand.
許多人不知道的是，臺灣原住民是南島民族的一部分，南島民族遍佈太平洋，遠至馬拉加西、復活節島和紐西蘭。

為什麼中國沒有徵服臺灣？ (Why Didn't China Conquer Taiwan?)

為什麼中國沒有徵服臺灣？ (Why Didn't China Conquer Taiwan?)

In the eyes of the Tang, Song, and Yuan dynasties, Taiwan was a barbarian backwater inhabited by various Austronesian peoples and the occasional Chinese pirate or fisherman.
在唐、宋、元三代眼中，臺灣是一個蠻荒之地，居住著各種南島民族，偶爾也有中國海盜或漁民。

臺灣的地理竟是顆定時炸彈？！ (Why Taiwan's Geography is a Ticking Time Bomb)

臺灣的地理竟是顆定時炸彈？！ (Why Taiwan's Geography is a Ticking Time Bomb)

Long before any Han Chinese migration, Taiwan was inhabited exclusively by Austronesian peoples.
在任何漢人遷徙之前很久，臺灣就已經由南島民族獨自居住。
Through extensive linguistic and genetic research, scientists now believe that Taiwan is the Erhaimat, or ancestral homeland of the entire Austronesian language family.
透過廣泛的語言學和基因研究，科學家們現在相信臺灣是南島語系的 Erhaimat，也就是祖先的家園。

What's Hidden Under the Jungles of New Guinea?

What's Hidden Under the Jungles of New Guinea?

The Papuans were likely the first people to domesticate bananas, taro and sugarcane which later spread elsewhere in the world after a wave of Austronesian settlers began arriving in New guinea around 3,000 years ago and initiated trade.
Today, out of the around 1,000 languages that are spoken in New guinea, between 200 and 300 of them are believed to be Austronesian, while the others are Papuan.