When considering this term, you can conjure varying images and you should.

在考慮這個詞時，你可能會聯想到各種不同的畫面，你也應該這樣做。

before we get started on today's video

在我們開始今天的視頻之前

if you love our videos, be sure to click the like button below.

如果您喜歡我們的視頻，請點擊下面的 "喜歡 "按鈕。

then make sure to click subscribe

然後確保點擊訂閱

and the little bell to receive notifications of new RealPars videos.

和小鈴鐺，以接收新的 RealPars 視頻通知。

This way you never miss another one!

這樣你就不會再錯過任何一次了！

A SCADA system is a collection of both software and hardware components

SCADA 系統由軟件和硬件組件組成

that allow supervision and control of plants, both locally and remotely.

可對工廠進行在地和遠程監控。

The SCADA also examines, collects, and processes data in real time.

SCADA 還能實時檢查、收集和處理數據。

Human Machine Interface (HMI) software facilitates interaction with field devices

人機界面 (HMI) 軟件便於與現場設備互動

such as pumps, valves, motors, sensors, etc.

如泵、閥門、電機、傳感器等。

Also within the SCADA software is the ability to log data for historical purposes.

SCADA 軟件還能記錄歷史數據。

The structural design of a standard SCADA system starts with Remote Terminal Units

標準 SCADA 系統的結構設計從遠程終端設備開始

or (RTUs) and/or Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs).

或 (RTU) 和/或可編程邏輯控制器 (PLC)。

As you know, RTUs and PLCs are microprocessors

眾所周知，RTU 和 PLC 都是微處理器

that communicate and interact with field devices such as valves, pumps, and HMI's.

可與現場設備（如閥門、泵和人機界面）進行通信和交互。

That communication data is routed from the processors to the SCADA computers,

通信數據從處理器傳輸到 SCADA 計算機、

where the software interprets and displays the data

軟件解釋和顯示數據的地方

allowing for operators to analyze and react to system events.

讓操作員能夠分析系統事件並做出反應。

Before SCADA, plant personnel had to monitor and control industrial processes

在 SCADA 出現之前，工廠人員必須監控工業流程

via selector switches, push buttons, and dials for analog signals.

模擬信號可通過選擇開關、按鈕和刻度盤實現。

This meant that plants had to maintain personnel on site,

這意味著工廠必須在現場保留人員、

during production, in order to control the processes.

以控制生產過程。

As manufacturing grew and sites became more remote in nature,

隨著製造業的發展，生產基地變得越來越偏遠、

relays and timers were used to assist in the supervision and control of processes.

繼電器和定時器用於協助監督和控制流程。

With these devices employed, fewer plant personnel were required to be on site

使用這些設備後，現場需要的工廠人員減少了

in order to oversee and control operations.

以監督和控制業務。

While relays and timers did provide some level of automation,

雖然繼電器和定時器確實提供了一定程度的自動化、

the panels required for these devices took up valuable real estate,

這些設備所需的面板佔用了寶貴的空間、

troubleshooting was a nightmare, and reconfiguring was difficult at best.

排除故障簡直是一場噩夢，重新配置也是困難重重。

These issues, in conjunction with the need to grow even larger industrial plants,

這些問題，再加上需要發展更大規模的工業廠房、

helped to facilitate the birth of automation.

幫助促進了自動化的誕生。

As you may know from previous videos,

大家可能從之前的視頻中瞭解到、

controlling industrial plants via processors became a reality in the 1950s.

20 世紀 50 年代，通過處理器控制工業設備成為現實。

Gas and oil, utilities, and manufacturing

天然氣和石油、公用事業和製造業

were major users of these new technologies and supervisory control.

他們是這些新技術和監督控制的主要用戶。

About a decade later, telemetry came on the scene to offer even more remote capabilities

大約十年後，遙測技術出現，提供了更多的遠程功能

with automated communication and data transmission to remote monitoring locations.

自動通信和數據傳輸到遠程監控地點。

Another decade later the term SCADA was used to describe systems with PLC's and microprocessors

又過了十年，SCADA 一詞被用來描述帶有 PLC 和微處理器的系統。

that were being used for the monitoring and control of automated processes

用於監測和控制自動化流程的設備

on an even greater scale than ever before.

其規模比以往任何時候都要大。

SCADA, back then, was anything but practical.

當時的 SCADA 並不實用。

They were colossal machines, mainframes really,

它們是巨大的機器，實際上是大型機、

and since networking was not yet in the picture, they were stand-alone units.

由於當時還沒有聯網，這些設備都是獨立的。

In the next couple of decades, the '80s and 90s, with computer systems getting smaller,

在接下來的幾十年裡，也就是上世紀八九十年代，計算機系統變得越來越小、

the advent of Local Area Networking (LAN), and HMI software,

局域網（LAN）和人機界面軟件的出現、

SCADA systems were able to connect to related systems.

SCADA 系統能夠連接相關係統。

Unfortunately, though, the communications were typically proprietary

但遺憾的是，這些通信通常都是專有的

which meant that connections outside of the particular vendor of the SCADA system were not allowed.

這意味著不允許與 SCADA 系統特定供應商之外的連接。

This early SCADA was coined distributed SCADA systems.

這種早期的 SCADA 被稱為分佈式 SCADA 系統。

Later in the '90s and 2000s, SCADA began to implement open system architectures

90 年代後期和 2000 年代，SCADA 開始採用開放式系統架構

with communication protocols that were not vendor specific.

通信協議不針對特定供應商。

As you can imagine, this opened up SCADA's ability to connect with varying vendors.

可以想象，這將使 SCADA 能夠與不同的供應商建立聯繫。

This newer, more improved SCADA was then called a networked SCADA system.

這種更新、更完善的 SCADA 當時被稱為網絡 SCADA 系統。

Newer and improved SCADA, unfortunately, didn't last long.

遺憾的是，更新和改進的 SCADA 並沒有持續多久。

With computer technology growing rapidly, IT development quickly gathered steam.

隨著計算機技術的飛速發展，信息技術的發展也迅速升溫。

The default database for IT became Structured Query Language (SQL) databases.

信息技術的默認數據庫變成了結構化查詢語言（SQL）數據庫。

SCADA developers didn't implement these standard databases

SCADA 開發人員沒有實施這些標準數據庫

so SCADA became out of date rather quickly when other technologies so rapidly changed.

是以，當其他技術日新月異時，SCADA 很快就過時了。

Current day SCADA systems have adapted to the changing technologies

當今的 SCADA 系統已適應不斷變化的技術

and have a great advantage over the older SCADA systems.

與老式 SCADA 系統相比，它具有很大的優勢。

With the adoption of modern IT standards such as SQL and web-based applications,

隨著 SQL 和網絡應用程序等現代 IT 標準的採用、

today's SCADA allows for real-time plant information to be accessed from anywhere around the world.

如今的 SCADA 允許從全球任何地方訪問實時工廠資訊。

Having this data at the operator's fingertips facilitates improved plant operations

操作員隨時掌握這些數據，有助於改善工廠營運

allowing for responses to SCADA system queues

允許對 SCADA 系統隊列做出響應

based on field collected data and system analysis.

基於實地收集的數據和系統分析。

These operator interactions can be from a computer right on the plant floor

這些操作員互動可以通過工廠工廠中的房間的計算機進行

to an office building in some other region in the world.

到世界其他地區的辦公樓。

Advancing technologies have indeed made the world seem like a very small place, relatively speaking.

相對而言，不斷進步的技術確實讓世界顯得非常狹小。

And because the current SCADA system software has typically adopted the SQL database model,

此外，由於當前的 SCADA 系統軟件通常採用 SQL 數據庫模式、

historical collection of data may be logged and used in trending applications

可記錄歷史數據收集情況，並將其用於趨勢分析應用中

to further improve plant processes

進一步改進工廠工藝

as well as creating mandated record keeping for some of the industries out there.

以及為某些行業創建強制性記錄保存。

Essentially, SCADA is a collection of hardware and software components.

從本質上講，SCADA 是硬件和軟件組件的集合。

This collection of components begins with real-time data collected from plant floor devices

這些組件的集合始於從工廠中的房間設備收集的實時數據

such as pumps, valves, and transmitters.

如泵、閥門和變送器。

These components don't have to be from a particular vendor,

這些組件不一定要來自某個特定的供應商、

they just need to have a communication protocol that the processor can utilize.

它們只需要有一個處理器可以使用的通信協議。

Data collected from the field devices is then passed to the processors such as PLCs.

然後，從現場設備收集到的數據被傳送到 PLC 等處理器。

From the processor, the data is distributed to a system of networked devices.

數據從處理器分發到網絡設備系統。

These devices may be HMIs, end-user computers, and servers.

這些設備可以是人機界面、終端用戶計算機和服務器。

On the HMI and end-user computer,

在人機界面和終端用戶計算機上、

graphical representations of the operations exist for operator interactions

為操作員的互動提供了操作的圖形表示法

such as running pumps and opening valves.

例如運行水泵和打開閥門。

This data may also be analyzed and used to enhance plant production and troubleshoot problems.

還可以對這些數據進行分析和使用，以提高工廠的生產效率並排除故障。

Want to learn PLC programming in an easy to understand format

希望以通俗易懂的方式學習 PLC 編程

and take your career to the next level?

讓您的職業生涯更上一層樓？

Head on over to realpars.com

請訪問 realpars.com