Name: German unity: What's so special about 3rd October?
Uploaded: 2019-09-06T10:21:01.000Z
Duration: 3 min 8 s

October the 3rd is a public holiday in Germany: it is the Day of German Unity.

10月3日是德國的公共假日：是德國統一日。

程度副詞

Why is this even celebrated? Let me explain.

為什麼還要慶祝呢？讓我來解釋一下。

基礎被動語態

After the Second World War, the map of Europe was redrawn.

第二次世界大戰後，歐洲地圖被重新繪製。

Germany, its government having collapsed and its cities in ruins, was divided up.

德國的政府已經崩潰，城市也成了廢墟，德國被分裂了。

Part of it went to the Soviet Union, and a bigger piece to Poland.

一部分給了蘇聯，更大的一部分給了波蘭。

The rest of Germany was to be divided into zones occupied by the Allies: the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, the United States and France.

德國的其他地區將被劃分為盟國佔領的區域：蘇聯、英國、美國和法國。

All except Berlin, which was declared an independent city divided into four sectors: Soviet, British, American and French.

除柏林外，其他都是宣佈獨立的城市，分為四個區。蘇聯、英國、美國和法國。

But the western Allies and the Soviet Union were ideological enemies, and so didn't see eye to eye.

但西方盟國和蘇聯是意識形態上的敵人，所以並不看好。

A few years later, the Federal Republic of Germany was founded in the three western zones; just over four months after that, the Soviet zone was declared the German Democratic Republic.

幾年後，西三區成立了德意志聯邦共和國；僅僅4個多月後，蘇區宣佈成立德意志民主共和國。

The border between the two Germanies formed part of the border between the capitalist West and the communist East.

兩德之間的邊界構成了資本主義西方和共產主義東方邊界的一部分。

It was very difficult to cross this border known as the "Iron Curtain", but there was still the matter of Berlin.

要跨越這個被稱為 "鐵幕 "的邊界非常困難，但還有柏林的事情。

The Democratic Republic — East Germany — claimed that Berlin belonged to their country, but the western Allies viewed Berlin as belonging to neither Germany.

民主共和國--東德--聲稱柏林屬於他們的國家，但西方盟國認為柏林既不屬於德國。

The problem for the eastern countries was that people were traveling to Berlin and flying out to the West.

東方國家的問題是，人們到柏林旅遊，飛出西方。

So in 1961, East Germany built fortifications around West Berlin, including a concrete wall dividing the two halves of the city.

所以在1961年，東德在西柏林周圍修築了防禦工事，包括一道水泥牆將西柏林的兩半城隔開。

This lasted until 1989, when many communist countries started to reform, except for East Germany.

這種情況一直持續到1989年，除東德外，許多共產黨國家開始改革。

Large numbers of East Germans travelled to Hungary, from where they crossed the border, which was now open, into Austria, and claimed asylum in the West German embassy.

大批東德人前往匈牙利，從那裡越過現已開放的邊界進入奧地利，並在西德大使館申請庇護。

And then in East Berlin, masses of people flooded the checkpoints, and the border guards had no choice but to let them through.

然後在東柏林，大量的人湧入檢查站，邊防軍別無選擇，只能讓他們通過。

And so the Berlin Wall fell; and with it, the whole of the Iron Curtain.

柏林牆就這樣倒塌了；整個鐵幕也隨之倒塌。

So, the 3rd of October is about the fall of the Berlin Wall and the end of the Cold War?

所以，10月3日是關於柏林牆倒塌和冷戰結束的日子？

No, because this happened on the 9th of November, and the problem with that date is that it is already a very significant one in German history.

不，因為這件事發生在11月9日，問題是這個日子在德國曆史上已經是一個非常重要的日子。

In particular, the 9th of November, 1938 was the night of the first major Nazi pogroms against the Jews, and so not really considered a very good day for a celebration.

特別是1938年11月9日是納粹對猶太人進行第一次大屠殺的夜晚，所以並不被認為是一個很適合慶祝的日子。

Instead, the 3rd of October, 1990 is the date on which the Democratic Republic of Germany ceased to exist, and its territory, and that of the whole of the city of Berlin, was given over to the Federal Republic.

相反，1990年10月3日是德意志民主共和國不復存在的日子，它的領土和整個柏林市的領土被移交給聯邦共和國。

Finally, Germany was politically reunified.

最後，德國在政治上實現了統一。