Name: 活用「4% 規則」，提前退休不是夢！(Retire Early With the 4% Rule)
Uploaded: 2022-10-21T21:01:30.000Z
Duration: 4 min 46 s

情態助動詞 A2

I could spend every day just like this, relaxing, playing golf, spending time with family.

我願意每天都這樣度過，放輕鬆、打打高爾夫、陪伴家人。

But, like most of you, I can't retire right now or really anytime soon.

但就和你們大多數人一樣，我現在還不能退休，近期內都不行。

Even if we can't retire right now, there are more than a few people who made their early retirement dreams come true, no lottery ticket or well-timed crypto investment required.

即便我們無法現在就退休，還是有一些人成功提早退休，不需要中樂透或是抓緊時機投資加密貨幣。

Those people are part of a community called FIRE.

這些人們來自一個叫做 FIRE 的群體。

That's Financial Independence Retire Early.

意思是「經濟獨立，提早退休」。

FIRE devotees combine high savings rates, minimalist living and investing with low cost index funds to reach retirement in relatively short periods of time.

FIRE 的成員們透過高儲蓄率、簡約生活以及投資低額指數基金，在相對短的期間內達成退休。

I talked to a guy named Bryce Leung, who along with his wife, Christie, retired in their early 30s and never looked back.

我訪問了一個叫做 Bryce Leung 的人，他和他的妻子 Christie 在 30 歲出頭時就退休了，一點也不後悔。

We were given the same first prescriptive script that our parents gave us for how to live.

我們的父母親都給我們一樣的方針，教我們如何生活。

Get a job, buy a house, go into debt, go get a mortgage, spend the next 25 years paying off and then maybe, when you're 65, then you can retire with a pension.

找工作、買房、背貸款、做抵押貸款，接下來 25 年都花在繳清貸款，然後到 65 歲的時候拿退休金養老。

The old rule book that they played with simply doesn't apply for (to) us anymore.

他們用的那一套老方法在我們身上已經無法適用。

How long was your journey once you began?

你從開始策劃到最後成功退休花了多少時間？

Nine years after we started working we retired.

我們開始工作九年後就退休了。

My wife was 31, I was 32 at the time, and we said goodbye to our jobs forever and we've been traveling ever since.

我老婆那時候 31 歲，我 32 歲，我們就此告別工作，開始到處旅行。

It's actually based, not on your age, but how much money you have saved up versus how much money you need to spend to maintain your lifestyle.

立基點不在於你的年紀，而是你的儲蓄有多少，又要花多少才能維持你的生活。

The rule that we use in the FIRE community is called the 4% Rule.

我們 FIRE 群裡用的規則叫做「4% 守則」。

How much you have saved up versus how much that you need to spend.

也就是拿儲蓄金額和花費金額來做比較。

If it's 4% of it, then you can retire safely and never need to work again.

如果每年花費金額是總儲蓄金額的 4%，那你就可以安心退休、再也不用工作了。

In an academic study called The Trinity Study, in which they back-tested all of the stock market history going back hundreds of years,

一項稱為「三一研究」的學術研究回溯了過往幾百年的股票市場歷史，

4% is the amount that it's safe to withdrawal in that you won't run out of money over a traditional retirement period.

發現總量 4% 正是抽身好時機，能夠在資金充足的情況下度過退休生活。

How did you change your lifestyles so that you would live more frugally?

你如何改變你的生活習慣，過得更簡樸？

It was not so much a sacrifice of lifestyle that got us here.

我們的生活方式其實並沒有犧牲什麼。

It was avoiding the landmines that so many people step on.

重點在於避開許多人都會踩到的陷阱 (地雷)。

The commonly accepted personal finance thing of, you have to cut back until it's painful, no going out, no eating out and no drinking coffees, and this kind of stuff.

不能因而降低自己的生活水平到痛苦的程度，像是戒掉出遊、戒掉外食、戒掉咖啡，諸如此類。

We didn't do any of that kind of stuff because the biggest line item in a person's life is housing, transportation and food.

我們並沒有那樣做，因為人一生當中最大筆的分項帳目其實是住房、交通和食物。

If you get those three right then the rest of it almost doesn't even matter.

如果這三項你都打點好了，其餘的幾乎不重要。

But even if you can't retire at 31 like Bryce did, there might still be some alterations to your savings or spending that you can make to retire at a more traditional age.

不過即使你無法像 Bryce 一樣 31 歲就退休，或許還是有一些儲蓄或花費上的改變是你可以做的，幫助你在一般年齡退休。

Bloomberg reporter, Suzanne Woolley, is going to tell us how to plan for that more traditional retirement and the annoyances that we must overcome to get there.

彭博社記者 Suzanne Woolley 要來告訴我們如何為較為常見的退休生活做計劃，以及期間會需要克服的困難。

And I think people get sort of terrified by the idea of, what is my number?

我認為，大家對於該存到多少才足夠感到恐慌。

Do I need a million? Do I need two million?

我需要存到美金一百萬嗎？需要美金兩百萬嗎？

And I think that can put people into paralysis.

我想光是這樣想就足以讓人不知所措。

A lot of people don't even know how much they spend each month.

很多人甚至不知道他們每個月開銷多少。

Just knowing what your budget is gives you a sense of what you need to live on.

光是知道預算，就足以讓你大約抓出需要的生活花費。

What mistakes are people making as they plan for retirement?

大家在計劃退休時犯了哪些錯誤？

One mistake people might make is not planning for contingencies.

人們會犯的其中一個錯誤或許是沒有將意外納入考量。

You have a point when you want to retire.

你何時想退休，自己心裡應該會有個底。

Like some people say, oh I want to retire when I'm 62 or 65.

像有些人說，我想 62 或 65 歲時退休。

You might be laid off, there might be some sort of ageism.

你或許會被開除，可能會遭受年齡歧視。

You might get sick and not be able to work.

So it's, when you're retirement planning (planning retirement), you need to think through, how would I live if I was laid off five years earlier than I anticipated?

所以當你為退休做計劃時，你必須多方考慮，像是：如果我比預期的提早五年沒了工作怎麼辦？

And also, you need to have some sort of emergency fund, maybe buckets.

還有你必須準備緊急基金，或許要分類別。

One is for short term and it's just cash, like a year's living expenses, if you can do that.

一個是現金，用做短期用途，比如一年的生活開銷。

The middle one is maybe in bonds and short term investments.

另一個是債券或是短期投資的形式。

The other bucket is more aggressive, really long term, like ten or twenty years.

算得遠一點，長期開銷的，比如 10 年、20 年。

So if you want to get your FIRE dream started, go ahead and make it happen.

所以你要是想達成你的 FIRE 夢想，儘管開始吧！

As for me, I'm going to do this for a few more hours, then get back to work.

至於我呢，我想在這裡再待一會兒，等等再回去工作。