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  • Still confused as to whether the Moon is a star or a planet?

    仍然對月球是恆星還是行星煩惱嗎?

  • I can fix that.

    我可以搞定這問題。

  • Hey guys, Amy here to talk space on DNews.

    嘿,大家好,Amy 在 DNews 來談談宇宙。

  • There has been a lot of talk recently about dwarf planets vs. “regularplanets, comets,

    最近有許多關於矮行星 vs.「常規」行星、彗星

  • asteroidsnot to mention some questions what what exactly a natural satellite is.

    小行星的討論......更不用說某些問題,關於天然衛星究竟是什麼。

  • Well, let's break down what exactly is kicking around in our Solar System.

    那麼,我們來分析一下究竟有什麼東西,在太陽系中在到處遊走。

  • At the centre is our Sun, which is a star.

    太陽系中心是我們的太陽,是一顆恆星。

  • A star is a luminous ball of gas, mostly hydrogen and helium, that is held together by its own gravity

    恆星是一種發光的氣體球,主要為氫氣和氦氣,通過自身重力固定在一起。

  • Nuclear fusion in its core produces photons, the light particles we see, as well as heat and trace amounts of other heavy elements.

    其中心的核融合產生出光子,我們看到的光粒子,以及熱量和其他重元素的痕量。

  • But not all stars are the same.

    但不是所有恆星都一樣。

  • Stars can be different colours depending on their temperature, hotter stars looking slightly

    根據溫度的不同,恆星可以是不同顏色,較熱的恆星看起來略為偏藍,

  • bluer while cooler stars look slightly more red.

    而較冷的恆星看起來略為偏紅。

  • And stars are typically different sizes, the cooler stars being smaller.

    而恆星一般來說大小會不同,較冷的恆星就會偏小。

  • As stars evolve and age, depending on their mass, they expand and eventually puff up as

    隨著恆星的進化和老化,取決於它們的質量,它們會膨脹,最後像紅巨星一樣膨脹

  • red giants and rip themselves to shreds (that's what happens to stars about the mass of our Sun)

    並將自己撕成碎片 (這就是恆星對太陽質量的影響),

  • and turn into a white dwarf or, if they are really massive, they explode as supernovas

    然後變成矮行星,或者說,如果它們真的很大,它們會在變成

  • before turning into neutron stars or black holes.

    中子星或黑洞前,爆炸成超新星。

  • Then there are brown dwarfs, which are sometimes called failed stars because they just aren't

    接著是棕矮星,有時稱為失敗的恆星,因為它們不夠大,

  • big enough to start the fusion reaction that makes a star bright.

    無法進行使恆星變亮的聚變反應。

  • Brown dwarfs also have planet-like qualities, making them a kind of bridge between stars and planets.

    棕矮星也具行星般的特性,讓它們成為恆星和行星間的橋樑。

  • Orbiting all kinds of stars are the planets, but for a body to be classified as a planet

    圍繞各種恆星運行的是行星,但對於歸類為行星的天體,

  • it has to meet three additional criteria laid out by the International Astronomical Union:

    必須符合國際天文學聯合會制定的三個額外準則:

  • It has to be large enough to be round, it cannot be a satellite of another body,

    它必須足夠大才能成圓形,它不能是另一個天體的衛星,

  • and it must have cleared its orbit of all nearby debris.

    它必須清除附近軌道的所有碎片。

  • This all basically puts a minimum size limit on planets, but as long and they're big

    這一切基本上對行星設置最小的尺寸限制,但是只要它們夠大,

  • enough planets can come in different types and sizes.

    行星就可以有不同類型和大小。

  • Earth is a rocky, terrestrial planet, as are Mercury, Venus, and Mars.

    地球是由多種岩石構成的類地行星,水星、金星及火星也一樣。

  • The outer planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune, are called gas giants, though those last two are sometimes called ice giants as well.

    其他行星如木星、土星、天王星以及海王星,稱為氣態巨行星,但最後兩個有時也稱為冰巨行星。

  • When we talk about planets around other stars, we have slightly different descriptors.

    我們談到其他恆星周圍的行星時,我們稍微有不同的描述。

  • There are super Earths, which aren't exactly what they sound like.

    有超級地球這種星體,但絕不像他們的名字一樣。

  • These are planets more massive than Earth but still far less massive than Uranus or

    它們的質量比地球還大,但仍然比天王星和海王星小很多,

  • Neptune, which are 15 and 17 times as massive as the Earth respectively.

    天王星和海王星的質量分別是地球的 15 倍和 17 倍。

  • On the other end of the size spectrum are dwarf planets, planets that are too small

    徑譜另一端的是矮行星,行星太小

  • to have cleared their orbital path of debris, like Ceres, the dwarf planet we've talked about before, in the asteroid belt.

    而無法清除它們的軌道碎片,像是我們上次談到的穀神星,它在小行星帶。

  • Pluto is a dwarf planet as well, though in recognition of everyone's favourite little body,

    冥王星也是一顆矮行星,為了表示大家都喜歡矮小的天體,

  • the IAU recently designated all dwarf planets that orbit beyond Neptune as plutoids.

    IAU 近期將所有海王星外運行的矮行星,稱呼為類冥矮行星。

  • But regardless of size, type, or distance from its host star, any planet can have a moon.

    但不論大小、類型,或是與主星的距離,任何行星都會有月球。

  • A moon is a natural satellite, a body that makes an orbit around a planet.

    月球是一顆天然衛星,圍繞行星運行的天體。

  • Moons can have water like Europa, can have thick atmospheres like Titan, or be, for all

    月球可以像歐羅巴一樣有水,可以像泰坦有濃厚的大氣層,或是

  • intents and purposes, a dead world like our own Moon.

    在所有方面,像我們的月球一樣,是個死寂的世界。

  • As long as it's orbiting a planet, it's a moon.

    只要它繞行星運行,它就是月球。

  • Of course, there are more subcategories and intricacies in individual bodies, but those are sort of the basics.

    當然,在個別天體中,還有更多子範疇和複雜的細節,但這些是基本知識。

  • Does that clear things up?

    這樣有清楚了嗎?

  • If you have any more questions on celestial bodies, let us know in the comments below or you can ask me on Twitter as @astVintageSpace.

    如果你對天體有任何問題,就在下方留言告訴我們,或者上推特問我 @astVintageSpace。

  • And don't forget to subscribe for more DNews every day of the week.

    為了看到 DNews 每天的內容,別忘了訂閱。

Still confused as to whether the Moon is a star or a planet?

仍然對月球是恆星還是行星煩惱嗎?

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