Name: 【TED-Ed】北極與南極的生存之道 (The Arctic vs. the Antarctic - Camille Seaman)
Uploaded: 2013-10-25T12:36:08.000Z
Duration: 4 min 25 s

一個是北極，名字來自於希臘文

But there's an easier way to remember them

有一個更簡單能夠記住它們的方法

if you just remember what surrounds them.

只要你知道它們周圍是什麼就可以

The Arctic, situated in the Northern hemisphere of our planet,

So, the Arctic has polar bears but no penguins,

and the Antarctic has penguins but no polar bears.

The Arctic region consists of a vast, ice-covered ocean

北極有一塊很大，被冰覆蓋著的海洋

everywhere you looked, in all directions,

covered by constantly shifting, frozen sea ice.

被不斷移動，又結冰的海冰覆蓋

If you were to fall into the water at the North Pole,

you'd fall into water that's 13,980 feet deep.

Above the water, average winter temperatures

Despite these incredibly harsh conditions,

humans have populated areas in the Arctic

Life in the Arctic includes organisms living in the ice,

Antarctica is Earth's southernmost continent,

and it contains the geographic South Pole.

It's the fifth largest continent on the planet

Almost 98% of Anarctica is covered by ice

Conditions in Antarctica are some of the most extreme

You might think that it snows all the time at the Poles,

你也許認為，極點一年四季都在下雪

Because it's so harsh and hard to get to,

因為氣候太環境惡劣，也太難抵達

there are no permanent human residents on Antarctica,

所以南極上並沒有永久居住的人類

at the research stations scattered across the continent.

Even the most extreme animals fight for survival,

甚至最兇猛的動物都要為生存而戰

and only cold-adapted organisms survive there,

也只有適應寒冷的生物能夠生存

But why is Antarctica colder than its northern cousin?

但為什麼南極比北極還要冷呢？

is more than three kilometers above sea level,

and temperature decreases with elevation.

That's why mountaintops have snow on them.

is warmer than the frozen ground in the Antarctic,

比南極的結凍大陸還要溫暖的多

and that warmth is transferred through the ice pack.

This prevents temperatures in the Arctic regions

typical of the land surface of Antarctica.

Third, the seasons are conspiring against the Antarctic.

第三，季節也促成南極的冰冷氣候

when the Earth is the farthest away from the Sun,

it also happens to be winter in the Antarctic,

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【TED-Ed】北極與南極的生存之道 (The Arctic vs. the Antarctic - Camille Seaman)

ice

coldest

sea

water