Name: 美國為何認為華為是國家安全威脅？ (Why The US Thinks Huawei Is A National Security Threat)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T08:06:29.000Z
Duration: 4 min 54 s

The arrest of Huawei CFO Meng Wanzhou put markets on edge.

華為財務長孟晚舟遭捕使得市場緊張。

This new element of the stock tumble, an arrest. The CFO of Huawei.

華為股價大跌，因為財務長孟晚舟遭到逮捕，

The CFO and her company are under scrutiny by U.S. authorities who claim that the Chinese telecoms gear maker violated U.S. sanctions on Iran

美國當局認為華為違反伊朗制裁規定，正嚴密監控孟晚舟和這間公司

This arrest. I think it valued. That is not going to go unanswered.

「我認為逮捕孟晚舟沒有錯，有正當理由。」

At the time, it was seen as the latest skirmish in the trade war between the U.S. and China.

當時這件事被當作引發美中貿易戰的最新導火線，

But it's actually the latest entry in an ongoing high tech struggle between the U.S. and the Chinese smartphone giant over national security.

但其實美國政府和華為因高科技與國安領域發生衝突已經一段時間，孟晚舟事件只是代表最新發展。

Huawei is now the number two smartphone player in the world.

華為目前是全球第二大智慧型手機製造商，

Shipping more units than Apple. The company is right behind Samsung.

出口產量超過蘋果公司，僅次於三星，

The U.S. has taken a hard stance against the company even before the arrest. So why go after Huawei?

逮捕孟晚舟之前，美國政府就已經反對華為，為什麼呢？

Huawei has been under scrutiny since at least 2011 for its allegedly close ties to the Chinese government.

華為從 2011 年起就因為和中國政府的違法關係遭到美國政府監控，

Some U.S. lawmakers and intelligence officials think that Huawei's hardware could also provide a backdoor for China's massive and sophisticated state surveillance apparatus.

美國有些立法和情報委員認為華為能秘密提供中國硬體設備和大量精密監控裝置，

American lawmakers and regulators have been fighting Huawei's introduction to the U.S. market for years.

這幾年來，美國立法和監管委員一直反對進口華為產品，

In 2011, Huawei backed out of a deal to buy a startup called 3Leaf Systems because of U.S. government pressure.

2011 年，華為原本要併購名為「三葉系統」的新創公司，但因美國政府施壓而作罷。

And a year later, the House Intelligence Committee issued a report that accused Huawei and ZTE, a Chinese rival, of stealing intellectual property from American companies and supporting espionage efforts.

一年後，眾議院情報委員會發表報告，指控華為和競爭對手中興通訊竊取美國企業智財權和支持間諜行動。

Huawei is now wrapped up in President Trump's trade war with China. But the security issues loom large.

華為事件被捲入中美貿易戰中，國安問題也變得迫在眉睫。

The Federal Communications Commission introduced new rules in April 2018 that block federally subsidized telecom carriers, like AT&T, from using suppliers deemed a risk to national security, including Huawei.

聯邦通信委員會在 2018 年四月通過法令，禁止美國電話電報公司等接受政府補助的電信商與有國安疑慮的供應商合作，包含華為，

The Pentagon also stopped selling mobile phones and modems made by Huawei at stores on military bases in April 2018 because of security risks.

美國國防部在同一時間因國安風險而停止在軍事基地販售華為的手機與調製解調器，

Around the same time, the directors of the CIA, FBI, NSA and other intelligence agencies made a case against

中央情報局、聯邦調查局、國安局與其他情報機關的董事會

Huawei and ZTE before the U.S. Senate Intelligence Committee.

也在眾議院特別情報委員會對華為與中興通訊提出訴訟。

We're deeply concerned about the risks of allowing any company or entity that is beholden to foreign governments that don't share our value to gain positions of power inside our telecommunications networks.

「有些企業接受跟美國價值不同的國家幫助，我們非常擔心放任它們在我國電信產業壯大會造成危險，

That provides the capacity to maliciously modify or steal information and it provides the capacity to conduct undetected espionage.

這些企業可能會惡意竄改、竊取資訊或是暗中進行間諜活動。」

As a result, President Trump signed a bill in August banning government use of Huawei and ZTE devices.

因此川普總統在八月簽署新法案，禁止政府官員使用華為與中信通訊的設備，

Arkansas Senator Tom Cotton alleged that "Huawei is effectively an arm of the Chinese government and that it can steal information from U.S. officials by hacking its devices."

阿肯色斯洲參議員湯姆卡頓宣稱：「華為是中國政府的絕佳武器，可能會以此入侵設備從官員竊取情報，

These companies are dangerous to our national security and to your privacy.

這些公司會危害國家安全以及人民隱私。

Huawei and ZTE are nothing more than extensions of the Chinese Communist Party.

華為和中信通訊不過是中國共產黨的延伸，

Huawei's CEO was an engineer for the People's Liberation Army.

華為的 CEO 曾經在人民解放軍裡當工程師，

The company's livelihood consists largely of a steady stream of government contracts.

華為與中國簽署一連串的穩定契約，以此生存，

And its greatest claim to fame is shamelessly stealing the secrets of American companies. That's why it's under

華為不知羞恥地竊取美國公司機密，卻引以為傲，

investigation by the Department of Justice for that and for violating sanctions against Iran.

不僅如此，華為違反了對伊朗的經濟制裁，因此現在在接受司法部調查。」

American companies are also feeling pressure for ties to the Chinese smartphone company.

美國一些企業也因為有和華為建立關係而備感壓力，

AT&T for example dropped a deal with Huawei to sell their phones at the start of 2018

例如美國電話電報公司原本在要賣手機給華為，但在 2018 年初取消交易。

All of this is happening before 5G potentially reshapes the telecom industry.

所有事情都是發生在 5G 科技可能改變電信產業之前，

5G networks are superfast and they're designed to support the next generation of the Internet.

5G 網路速度超級快，是為了支援下一代的網路，

5G is supposed to power not only smartphones but also driverless cars and web connected factories.

不只手機，自動駕駛車與數位化工廠也應該要具備 5G 網路，

Huawei wants to become a major player in 5G outside of China.

華為企圖成為中國境外的 5G 科技主要供應商，

But it's facing pressure internationally because of cybersecurity concerns dogging the company.

但現在因為公司網路安全疑慮面臨國際上的壓力，

The U.S. is urging its allies to block Huawei from 5G projects in their countries

美國力勸同盟封鎖華為在其國內推行的 5G 計畫，

And both Australia and New Zealand recently did just that.

So as the legal drama involving Meng plays out and continues to rattle global markets,

現在孟晚舟被捕事件持續延燒、使市場不安，

remember it's part of a years long struggle between Huawei and those who worry about its alleged close connections to Chinese spies.

不過華為試著擺脫串通間諜的指控已經一年了，這個事件只是冰山一角。

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美國為何認為華為是國家安全威脅？ (Why The US Thinks Huawei Is A National Security Threat)

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