Name: 【TEDx】科學分析法！當你墜入愛河時，你的大腦發生了什麼驚人的改變？ (How Your Brain Falls In Love | Dawn Maslar | TEDxBocaRaton)
Uploaded: 2018-10-25T21:01:20.000Z
Duration: 11 min 58 s

Translator: Paola Benedetti Reviewer: Denise RQ

翻譯者：Paola Benedetti 審核人：Denise RQ

當你墜入愛河時，你的大腦發生什麼事？

Is it something magical that happens to your brain,

是有神奇的魔法發生在你的大腦裡嗎？

or is there something biological that happens to your brain

we know some neurotransmitters increase and some drop.

我們知道有些神經遞質會增加和減少

Your cortisol level, the stress hormone, increases causing you to feel nervous,

你的皮質醇，也就是壓力賀爾蒙增加時，會導致你感到緊張

while your oxytocin level increases causing you to feel amorous.

當你的催產素增加時，會讓你有戀愛的感覺

A woman's testosterone goes up causing her to be more aggressive,

女人的睪酮增加時，會使她較有衝勁、好鬥的

while a man's drops causing him to be more passive.

但男生的減少時，會使他變得較消極

And in both, their serotonin level drops causing them to be a little more obsessed.

而且不論男女，當他們的血清素下降時，他們會比較心神不寧

And, although we know what happens, we don't know how you get there.

雖然我們知道發生了什麼事，但我們不知道如何發生的

There are certain chemical processes happen,

including the tipping point, where you have an increase;

包括臨界點，就是使你的激素開始上升的地方

and also an enzymatic reaction, where you have a subsequent decrease.

還有酶促反應，就是你隨後下降的地方

Either of these would fit nicely into that missing section.

任何一個都可以將缺少的部分搭配得很好

So I was pondering this, and I just happened to be on vacation.

所以我深思這個變化，然後有一次我去度假

and I have a cousin who is a PhD in biochemistry,

我有一個表哥，他是生物化學的博士

so I decided to use the opportunity to pick his brain.

所以我覺得藉由這個機會去請教他

I said, "Certain neurotransmitters go up, certain ones go down.

我說：「某些神經遞質上升，而某些神經遞質會下降

I looked at him, and he gave this expression of, "Plausible."

我看著他，然後他給我的回應是「似乎滿有道理的。」

I said, "Some may have a tipping point reaction."

我說：「有些人可能會有臨界點反應。」

He said, "Plausible," or looked plausible.

他說：「滿有道理的。」或是聽起來似乎有理

And then, I said, "Others may be enzymatic with a subsequent decrease."

然後我說：「其他有可能會有酶促反應隨後下降。」

Again, he gave me the facial expression of plausible.

He's not a big talker, so I thought this was going really well.

他不是吹牛大王，所以我覺得事情進展得很順利

But before I could formulate my next question,

my then 95-year-old grandmother spoke up, and she said,

"You, youngsters, don't know anything about love."

你們這些年輕人根本不懂什麼是愛

I was shocked, and I said, "Yeah, I know. That's why we're talking about this."

我很震驚，然後我說：「沒錯！這就是為什麼我們在討論這個問題。」

She said, "Your problem is you, young girls, jump into bed too quick.

她說：「問題在於你們這些小女孩，太快就發生性行為了。」

You fall in love, but a boy doesn't fall in love that way."

你戀愛了，但男生卻不會因此而墜入愛河

"OK, let's talk a little bit more. How does a boy fall in love?"

「好，那我們再多說一點，要怎樣才能讓男生墜入愛河呢？」

And she said, "Back in my day, a girl knew

if she wanted a boy to fall in love with her,

她絕對不可以很快地和他發生性行為

Now, I had heard that stuff before: there was things like the three-date rule,

我曾聽過有個「三次約會的規定」

there's the 90-day rule from Steve Harvey's book,

還有「九十天的規定」，這些規定來自 Steve Harvey 的書

「行為要像個女人，思想要像個男人。」

but I always thought those were anecdotal.

I didn't think there was any science behind it,

I decided to continue with my grandmother

because of the date; the question was the date.

I said, "How long do you need to wait before you have sex?"

我說：「那要等多久才可以發生性行為？」

She says, "Ah, you wait to have sex until he falls in love."

她說：「啊！你必須等他有墜入愛河時才可以。」

"OK. Well, Granny, how do I know when he falls in love?"

「嗯…外婆，那我要怎麼知道他墜入愛河了呢？」

She says, "Oh, that's easy, you know he's in love when he commits."

她說：「那很簡單，當他給予承諾時就是戀愛了。」

I looked over at my cousin, and I was like, "What do you think?"

我看向我的表哥，暗示著：「你覺得呢？」

and he hung his head, and he just shook it.

He said, "OK, Granny, it's time to go home."

I realized he was not buying any of this,

and my research had to continue on another day.

I returned home, and I hit the research library.

我回到家，去研究圖書館查資料

is there's not a lot of research out on how humans fall in love,

沒有很多有關人類如何戀愛的研究

primarily, because of the way we do research.

想像一個男人說：「喔！我愛你。」

He falls in love, and a researcher walks up saying,

他戀愛了，然後一個研究者向前說：

"Congratulations! Can I inject this into your brain to see if it has an effect?"

「恭喜你！可以讓我解析你的腦袋，看是否有任何影響嗎？」

So we had to rely on the next best thing: animal studies.

所以我們必須依賴其他方式：動物實驗

Well, we know when humans fall in love, they show exclusiveness to one person,

嗯 ... 我們知道人類會戀愛，他們會表現出對一個人的專情

so they started looking at other creatures that mated exclusively.

所以他們開始找其他是會完全交配的動物

And they ended up settling on these guys: the monogamous prairie vole.

最後他們設定實驗對象：一夫一妻的橙腹田鼠

When a prairie vole finds a mate that they're interested in,

當橙腹田鼠找到牠有興趣的伴侶時

So they started looking at the neurotransmitters

所以他們開始研究牠們的神經遞質

was one of the first things that increases is dopamine.

其中第一件事就是多巴胺會增加

And if they block the dopamine, they would lose the loving feeling.

如果他們阻斷多巴胺，牠們就會失去愛的感覺

So they thought, "Oh, dopamine," but they knew there was a problem.

所以他們認為「原來是多巴胺！」，但是他們發現有一個問題

Dopamine couldn't be it with human romantic love

多巴胺不能成為人類戀愛的原因

because dopamine goes up with a lot of things.

因為許多事情都會造成多巴胺增加

It goes up with gambling, chocolate, playing Candy Crush

像是賭博、巧克力或是玩《糖果傳奇》(線上遊戲)

So they said, "Well, we know there's another one

that's involved in bonding; it's called oxytocin."

And oxytocin goes up with mothers and children, that causes them to bond.

當媽媽和小孩之間的催產素增加，會讓他們連結在一起

So they said, "Let's take a look at that," so they looked at that.

所以他們說：「我們來研究這個看看。」，於是就開始觀察

They found that when a female finds a man she's interested in,

他們發現當女人對某個男人感到興趣時

and then if they block it, she loses that loving feeling.

然後如果他們阻斷催產素，她會失去愛的感覺

So they said, "Ah, it must be dopamine and oxytocin,"

所以他們說：「啊！一定是多巴胺和催產素造成的。」

It can't be oxytocin for a man, because of testosterone.

由於男人含有睪酮，催產素對男人不會造成影響

Testosterone blocks the effects of oxytocin.

字幕列表影片播放

【TEDx】科學分析法！當你墜入愛河時，你的大腦發生了什麼驚人的改變？ (How Your Brain Falls In Love | Dawn Maslar | TEDxBocaRaton)

commitment

expression

tend

cuddle