Name: 【TED】羅素．福克斯 (Russell Foster): 我們為什麼需要睡眠？ (Why do we sleep? | Russell Foster)
Uploaded: 2013-10-02T18:46:20.000Z
Duration: 21 min 47 s

What I'd like to do today is talk about one

a sound that is desperately, desperately familiar to most of us,

and of course it's the sound of the alarm clock.

And what that truly ghastly, awful sound does

is stop the single most important behavioral experience

36 percent of your life will be spent asleep,

一生中有 36% 的時間都花在睡覺上

then 32 years will have been spent entirely asleep.

is that sleep at some level is important.

And yet, for most of us, we don't give sleep a second thought.

然而，大多數的人都認為睡覺沒什麼

我們真的沒有思考過睡眠這個行為

change your ideas and your thoughts about sleep.

And the journey that I want to take you on,

「享受沉重而甜蜜的睡眠甘露吧。」

"O sleep, O gentle sleep, nature's soft nurse,

「噢，睡眠，噢，輕柔的睡眠，大自然的仁慈褓姆

Shakespeare again, from -- I won't say it --

這也是莎士比亞，但我不說出處

the Scottish play. [Correction: Henry IV, Part 2]

出自馬克白（更正：應為亨利四世，第二卷）

that ties health and our bodies together."

湯瑪斯．德克說的，非常有遠見

也是另一位伊莉莎白時代的劇作家

This is from Thomas Edison, from the beginning of the 20th century.

這是 20 世紀初，湯瑪斯．愛迪生說的

and a heritage from our cave days." Bang.

根本就是原始人留下的遺產。」碰

And if we also jump into the 1980s, some of you

在座有些人可能記得 瑪格莉特．柴契爾

was reported to have said, "Sleep is for wimps."

被報導曾說過：「弱者才需要睡覺。」

And of course the infamous -- what was his name? --

當然還有聲名狼藉的－名字是什麼來著－

the infamous Gordon Gekko from "Wall Street" said,

來自「華爾街」，聲名狼藉的 高登．蓋科 說過

What do we do in the 20th century about sleep?

Well, of course, we use Thomas Edison's light bulb

當然，我們用愛迪生發明的燈泡

to invade the night, and we occupied the dark,

we've treated sleep as an illness, almost.

At most now, I suppose, we tolerate the need for sleep,

我現在敢假設，大多數人都忍住不睡

and at worst perhaps many of us think of sleep

最糟的是，有多數人覺得睡覺是種病

as an illness that needs some sort of a cure.

And our ignorance about sleep is really quite profound.

我們對睡眠的種種無知還真不是蓋的

Why is it? Why do we abandon sleep in our thoughts?

為什麼會這樣？為什麼不想要睡覺？

Well, it's because you don't do anything much

Sorry. It's a complete waste of time, right? Wrong.

睡覺完全是浪費時間，對嗎？錯

Actually, sleep is an incredibly important part of our biology,

事實上，睡覺對我們的身體非常重要

and neuroscientists are beginning to explain why

神經科學家正開始研究它並解釋為什麼

and they said they didn't know what it was,

So I borrowed it. I don't think they noticed. Okay.

我借了這個腦袋我想他們應該沒發現

The point I'm trying to make is that when you're asleep,

In fact, some areas of the brain are actually more active

事實上，有些區塊的活動量還增加了

during the sleep state than during the wake state.

The other thing that's really important about sleep

另一件關於睡眠之所以重要的事

is that it doesn't arise from a single structure within the brain,

but is to some extent a network property,

I love this little bit of spinal cord here --

and right under there is a whole raft of interesting structures,

下丘腦下方，有一塊很有趣的組織

The biological clock tells us when it's good to be up,

生理時鐘告訴我們什麼時候該起床

with a whole raft of other areas within the hypothalamus,

the lateral hypothalamus, the ventrolateral preoptic nuclei.

外側下丘，腦側室前視核這些區塊來往

All of those combine, and they send projections

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【TED】羅素．福克斯 (Russell Foster): 我們為什麼需要睡眠？ (Why do we sleep? | Russell Foster)

vulnerable

sort

extraordinary

essentially