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  • Here some picture of what most people associate when they think of chemistry.

  • They think of scientists working on a bench

  • with the different vials of different chemicals.

  • They might think of a mad scientist.

  • Some of them boiling and changing colors.

  • They might associate chemistry with chemical equations.

  • Thinking about how different things will react together

  • to form other things.

  • They might think about models of the different molecules

  • that can be depicted different ways.

  • They might associate it with the periodic table of elements.

  • And all of these things are a big part of chemistry.

  • But I want you to do in this video

  • is appreciate what at its essence chemistry is all about.

  • And chemistry is one of the sciences

  • that really just helps us understand

  • and make models and make predictions about our reality.

  • And even something like the periodic table of elements,

  • which you'll see at the front of any chemistry classroom,

  • you take it for granted.

  • But this is the product of, frankly,

  • thousands of years of human beings

  • trying to get to an understanding

  • of all of the different complexity in the world.

  • If you look at the world around us,

  • and it doesn't even have to be our planet,

  • it could be the universe around us,

  • you see all these different substances

  • that seem to be different in certain ways.

  • You see things like fire and rock and water.

  • Even in the planets,

  • you see meteorological patterns.

  • In life, you see all of this complexity

  • and all of these different things

  • and it looks like there's just like a infinite spectrum

  • of differentness out of there.

  • Of different substances.

  • Even in things like our human brain.

  • The complexity and the electrochemical interactions.

  • And you could imagine as a species,

  • this is kind of overwhelming.

  • How do you make the sense of all of this?

  • And it was not an easy path,

  • but over thousands of years,

  • we did start to make sense of it.

  • And why it's very lucky for all of us

  • to be born when we are now

  • or to be around when we are now.

  • To be able to learn chemistry where we are now

  • is that we get the answer.

  • And it's a partial answer, which is also exciting,

  • cause we don't want the full answer.

  • But it's a partial answer that takes us a long way.

  • We realize that the periodic table of elements,

  • that all of this complexity that we're seeing before,

  • that at the end of the day,

  • things are made of basic building blocks.

  • Kind of you could imagine the legos

  • that really make up everything.

  • And there aren't an infinite number of legos.

  • There's actually a finite number of them.

  • We're discovering more all of the time,

  • well not all of the time,

  • now new elements are not discovered that frequently,

  • but there's a few of these elements

  • that are disproportionately showing up

  • in a lot of what we see here.

  • These things that seem so different.

  • Well a lot of this is different compositions of elements

  • like carbon and oxygen and hydrogen.

  • And even the elements themselves are made of things

  • like protons and electrons and neutrons

  • that are just rearranged in different ways

  • to give us these elements

  • that have all of these different properties.

  • So when you think about chemistry,

  • yes, it might visually look something like this.

  • These are obviously much older pictures.

  • But at its essence, it's how do we create models

  • and understand the models that describe

  • a lot of the complexity in the universe around us?

  • And just to put chemistry in,

  • I guess you could say, in context

  • with some of the other sciences,

  • many people would say at the purest level,

  • you would have mathematics.

  • That math, you're studying ideas,

  • which could even be independent,

  • you're seeing logical ideas that could be even independent

  • of anything that you've ever observed or experienced.

  • And a lot of folks that say if we ever communicate

  • with another intelligent species

  • that could be completely different than us,

  • math might be that common language.

  • Because even if we perceive the world differently

  • and think differently in certain ways,

  • math might be that common language.

  • But on top of math, we start to say,

  • well how is our reality actually structured?

  • At the most basic level,

  • what are the constituents of matter

  • and what are the mathematical properties

  • that describe how they react together?

  • And then, or interact with each other?

  • Then you go one level above that,

  • you get to the topic of this video, which is chemistry.

  • Which is very closely related to physics.

  • When we talk about these chemical equations

  • and we create these molecular structures,

  • the interactions between these atoms,

  • these are quantum mechanical interactions

  • which we do not fully understand at the deepest level yet.

  • But with chemistry, we can start to make use

  • of the math and they physics to start to think about

  • how all of these different building blocks

  • can interact to explain all sorts of different phenomena.

  • This chemical equation you see right here,

  • this is combustion.

  • This is hydrogen combusting with oxygen

  • to produce a lot of energy.

  • To produce energy.

  • When we imagine combustion, we think of fire.

  • But what even is fire at its most fundamental level?

  • How do we get,

  • why do we perceive this thing here?

  • And chemistry is super important

  • because on top of that, we build biology.

  • We build biology.

  • And as you'll see as you study all of these things,

  • there's points where these things start to bleed together.

  • But the biology in, say, a human being,

  • or really in any species,

  • it's based on molecular interactions.

  • Interactions between molecules, between atoms,

  • which, at the end of the day, is all about chemistry.

  • As I speak, the only reason why I'm able to speak

  • is because of really,

  • hard to imagine the number of chemical interactions

  • happening in me right now

  • to create this soundness.

  • To create this thing that thinks it exists

  • that wants to make a video about how awesome

  • and amazing chemistry is.

  • And then from biology,

  • you can build out on all of everything else.

  • So sciences like psychology and economics, which of course,

  • these things also leverage math and other things.

  • But this gives you kind of a sense

  • of how we build up and how we explain the reality around us.

  • And not one of these is more important than the other.

  • These are all studying incredibly fascinating things

  • that as humans beings first became thoughtful

  • about their environment,

  • said, "Gee, why are we here?

  • "What is this place?

  • "Why do we exist?

  • "How do we exist?"

  • And chemistry builds models

  • for us to understand interactions at a scale and a speed

  • that we can't directly observe,

  • but nonetheless, we can to start to make predictions.

  • So that's what's really cool about this.

  • When you study chemistry,

  • you should not view this as some type of a chore

  • that the school system is forcing you through.

  • There are people who would've done anything 100 years ago

  • to get the answers that are in your chemistry book today

  • or that you can learn from your chemistry teacher

  • or that you can learn from a Khan Academy video.

  • There are people in the world in the past and today

  • who'd do anything to be able to understand deeply

  • what this is.

  • That they consider it a privilege

  • to be able to learn at this level.

  • And then to think about where this could go

  • because none of these fields are complete.

  • We have very partial knowledge of all of these fields.

  • Arguably, there's an infinite more that we could learn

  • relative to what we know.

  • But what's exciting is that we have such a strong start.

  • We're starting to make sense of it.

  • To really describe everything in our reality.

Here some picture of what most people associate when they think of chemistry.

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B1 中級 美國腔

化學導論 (Introduction to chemistry)

  • 58 4
    ben 發佈於 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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