Name: 誰擁有您的DNA？ (Who Owns Your DNA? (YOU DON’T))
Uploaded: 2021-03-27T21:01:30.000Z
Duration: 3 min 29 s

情態副詞

You likely consider your body your property, right?

你可能會認為你的身體就是屬於你自己的，對吧 ?

情態助動詞 B1

Well, you might be surprised to learn that the law isn't entirely clear whether you do own your body.

然而，你可能會驚訝地發現，法律上還無法明確說明你是否擁有自己的身體

Apparently, you can't be you and own you at the same time, which is really quite confusing.

顯然，你是你自己卻不能擁有自己，這實在令人困惑

Things get a lot more intricate when we look at your genetic makeup, your DNA.

當從基因組成 ─ DNA 的角度看起，事情將會變得容易理解一點

DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the genetic information that dictates how our bodies grow, function, and reproduce.

DNA，又叫「去氧核醣核酸」，為基因資訊決定我們身體的如生長、功能及繁殖

Humans share 99.9% of the same DNA but a peek at your specific sequences can reveal information

人類有 99.9% 相同的 DNA 排序，但從你個人獨特的 DNA 排列組合可以透漏一些資訊

about your health, personality, family history, and even your relationships.

像是你的健康狀態、性格、家族史，甚至你的感情關係

Each human's complete DNA sequence is different than anyone else's.

每個人的 DNA 排序都是獨一無二的

It's incredibly personal and experts have said that your genetic information is the most valuable thing that you have.

它是非常私人的，而且你的基因資訊是你最有價值的東西

Just like you may have a social security number, home address, and credit card info,

就像是你的保全密碼、地址或信用卡資訊，

this information should be guarded carefully.

But, some of you humans are totally fine giving your genetic information away to corporations,

然而，有些人卻不介意將自己的基因資訊提供給某些公司

research groups, and other third party organizations.

So far, 12 million of you have sent away samples of your DNA to consumer genetic testing companies

到目前為止，約有 1200 萬的人將自己DNA的樣本提供給基因檢測公司

to find out information about your own genetic makeup.

By agreeing to the terms and conditions and sending off a vial of your saliva,

當你同意合約上的內容，提供了你的唾液樣本，

you're giving these groups the right to your DNA.

你讓那些團體擁有你的 DNA 資訊的權利

You're allowing them to sell this information, send it to research groups,

你將允許他們可以販賣這些資訊，提供給一些研究團體

and do any number of things thanks to some incredibly broad wording of their fine-print.

以及做很多其他事情，這一切歸咎於合約上那些難懂的超小字體

And if your genetic info leads to some wild, medical breakthrough, you'll get nothing.

而且如果你的基因資訊提供了一些非凡的、醫療上的突破資訊，你將無所獲得

所以這就代表他們擁有你的 DNA 了嗎?

People, organizations, and judges have been debating who owns DNA for years.

一般民眾、組織及法官多年來一直爭論著誰擁有 DNA 的議題

But after a court ruling in 2013, it was decided that DNA cannot be patented under US law,

但在 2013 年的一個法院審判決議，在美國的法律下自身的 DNA 不能申請專利

which means no one can own someone else's DNA.

And it's not even clear if you own your DNA, which also contains your family's DNA.

而這也不能說明你是否擁有你的 DNA，其中包含你的家族DNA資訊

Legally speaking, natural phenomenons and laws of nature cannot be trademarked or solely claimed.

法律上的說法，自然現象及自然定律不能被商標化或被誰獨立擁有

This is the same reason why someone can't patent the element gold

這也說明了為什麼金元素是無法申請個人專利，

and then claim that all the gold on Earth is theirs.

然後宣稱全世界的黃金都是他們的

So while these companies can't own your DNA, they can own the sample that you gave

雖然這些公司不能擁有你的 DNA，但他們可以擁有你提供的 DNA 樣本

And I bet there are lots of hands you wouldn't want your genetic makeup to fall into.

而我敢打賭會你的基因訊息會落在很多你非自願的手裡

For example, while it's technically illegal for employers and health insurers to discriminate based on genetics,

舉列來說，用個人的基因訊息來雇用員工或決定醫療保險的投保人是不合法的

it would be difficult to prove that's why they fired you or didn't take you on as a customer.

但很難去證明公司開除你的原因或知道保險公司不讓你投保的原因

And unfortunately, the legal future of your right to genetic privacy is unclear.

然而不幸地，對於未來合法化基因資訊的隱私還不明確

So while no one may own your DNA right now, who knows if that'll still be the case ten, twenty years from now.

雖然現在沒有人能擁有你的 DNA 資訊，但沒人能保證過了 10 年、20 年後還是一樣

Let us know in the comment section below.

Or tell us what should we talk about next.

或讓我們知道我們下一集該聊什麼

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誰擁有您的DNA？ (Who Owns Your DNA? (YOU DON’T))

specific

potential

incredibly

apparently