- Business Insider.

- 商業內幕。

Oh, this sounds exciting.

哦，這聽起來很刺激。

- In 1969 our founders, Joan Cooney and Lloyd Morrisett

- 1969年，我們的創始人瓊-庫尼和勞埃德-莫里塞特。

had the revolutionary idea of asking,

有著革命性的想法，問。

what if kids can learn from TV?

如果孩子們能從電視中學習到什麼？

They had noticed that kids could repeat beer jingles.

他們注意到，孩子們可以重複啤酒的叮噹聲。

♪ Where there's life there's Bud ♪

凡是有生命的地方就有巴德

- What'll you have?

- 你會有什麼？

♪ Pabst Blue Ribbon ♪

# Pabst Blue Ribbon #

- So they posed themselves that question

- 所以他們向自己提出了這個問題

and basically created Sesame Street

並基本上創造了芝麻街

which is a show that's now been on the air almost 50 years.

這是一個現在已經播出了近50年的節目。

We film at Kaufman Astoria Studios

我們在考夫曼-阿斯托利亞工作室拍攝

which is in Astoria, Queens

這是在阿斯托利亞，皇后區

and is a very old studio

並且是一個非常古老的工作室

that was built in the '20s

二十年代建的

by what was United Artists at the time

由當時的聯合藝術家

and has gone through many iterations over the years.

並在多年來經歷了多次迭代。

On a regular production day, like today,

在正常的生產日，比如今天。

when you're visiting,

當你來訪時。

there's about 60 people involved

六十多人

when you count the production staff

當你算上生產人員

that's downstairs in the office

那是樓下的辦公室

as well as all of the technical and stage crew

以及所有的技術和舞臺人員。

and camera people and costume designers, et cetera.

攝像師和服裝設計師，等等。

It really does take a village to bring this show together.

它真的需要一個村子才能把這個節目聚集起來。

Every year when we start a new season

每年當我們開始一個新的季節

what we do is our curriculum team

我們做的是我們的課程團隊

convenes an all-day seminar.

召開全天研討會。

And they basically consult with experts

而且他們基本上都是向專家諮詢

in child development, child psychology, preschool teachers.

在兒童發展、兒童心理學、學前教師方面。

As the writers work the curriculum team

隨著編寫人員的工作，課程組

works in tandem with the production team

與生產團隊合作

and they review all the scripts and give feedback

他們審查所有的腳本，並給予反饋。

from the educational standpoint.

從教育的角度來看。

We also do a lot of research.

我們也做了很多研究。

So we'll take some of the scripts into schools,

所以我們會把一些劇本帶進學校。

we'll read them to the kids

我們會讀給孩子們聽

and solicit feedback from them.

並徵求他們的反饋意見。

Our production cycle is essentially a 12-month cycle.

我們的生產週期基本上是12個月的週期。

You know, from the moment of that curriculum seminar,

你知道，從那次課程研討會的那一刻起。

which I described,

我描述過的。

to the moment we deliver shows to HBO.

到我們向HBO交付節目的那一刻。

Jim Henson, you know, obviously his impact

吉姆-亨森，你知道，很明顯他的影響，

on Sesame Street is massive

芝麻街》是大規模的

and he was the one who brought The Muppets to Sesame Street.

他是一個誰帶來了布偶的芝麻街。

And so his legacy, I mean, is very solid

所以他的遺產，我的意思是，是非常堅實的。

and lives on on the show

並在節目中生活

because all of our puppeteers are trained, basically,

因為我們所有的木偶人都是經過訓練的，基本上。

in a methodology that he invented.

在他發明的方法論中。

I mean, he took the puppet theater

我的意思是，他把木偶戲。

and decided, I'm gonna get rid of that

並決定，我要去擺脫的，

and just use the TV frame as my puppet theater

就把電視框當做我的木偶戲了

while looking at a monitor

邊看顯示器邊

so that I can position my puppet

好讓我的木偶定位

and see exactly what I need to see.

並準確地看到我需要看到的東西。

And so, basically he invented, you know,

所以，基本上他發明了，你知道的。

puppetry for television.

電視木偶戲；

And our puppeteers are trained in those methods

而我們的木偶師都是經過這些方法的訓練的

that he came up with.

他想出來的。

It truly is, like, kind of a magic act.

這真的是，就像，一種魔術表演。

So we have a core group of puppeteers

所以我們有一群核心的木偶師

that is 14 people, 14 performers.

那就是14個人，14個表演者。

We have a mentee program that we run

我們有一個導師計劃，我們運行

to identify new puppeteers.

以確定新的木偶人；

And so there's a few of those

所以有一些這樣的

and we'll bring them in a day here, a day there.

我們會把他們帶到這裡一天，那裡一天。

There's essentially three categories of puppets.

基本上有三類傀儡。

There's the walk around puppet.

有走動的木偶。

So that's Big Bird or Snuffy, for example,

所以就是大鳥或者斯納菲，比如說。

where the person is inside the puppet

人在其中

and they're operating it from inside.

而且他們在內部操作。

It's a full suit.

這是一套完整的衣服。

- You and me together, ol' pal.

- 你和我在一起，老夥計。

- Then there's what we call a bag puppet.

- 還有就是我們所說的布袋木偶。

So that's, like, Cookie Monster or The Count.

所以這就是，像，餅乾怪獸或伯爵。

- Om, nom, nom, nom, nom, nom, nom.

- 唵，名，名，名，名，名。

- One, two, three, four.

- 一、二、三、四

- And so there the puppet covers the puppeteer.

- 於是就有了木偶掩護木偶師。

The puppeteer's operating the mouth with one hand

木偶師用一隻手操作嘴巴

and is operating one of the hands with another

並正在用另一隻手操作其中一隻手

and then there's a second puppeteer,

然後還有第二個木偶師。

which we usually call the assistant puppeteer,

也就是我們通常所說的木偶師助理。

and that person comes behind and operates the other hand

而那個人在後面操作另一隻手。

and helps hand props from below frame.

並從畫面下方幫助手道具。

Then third kind of puppet is what we call a rod puppet.

那麼第三種傀儡就是我們所說的棒子傀儡。

So that's like an Elmo or an Abby.

所以，這就像一個埃爾莫或艾比。

And so they have,

他們也是如此。

those are typically operated by a single puppeteer.

這些通常由一個木偶人操作。

They hold two rods which operate the hands

他們拿著兩根杆子，操作手

and then they're operating the mouth this way.

然後他們這樣操作口。

The primary puppeteer is always the person

主要的木偶師總是人

that does the voice.

那做聲音。

- Oh, Cookie Monster,

- 哦，餅乾怪獸。

how could you mistake the mushroom for cookies?

你怎麼能把蘑菇當成餅乾呢？

- So, the most recent and probably most talked about

- 那麼，最近，也可能是最受關注的是

for the US is Julia,

為美國是茱莉亞。

who's a young girl who's on the Autism spectrum.

誰是一個年輕的女孩 誰是在自閉症譜系。

- Can Big Bird see your painting?

- 大鳥能看到你的畫嗎？

- See your painting, yes.

- 看你的畫，是的。

- And she was developed originally

- 而她最初是被開發出來的

by our Social Impact team.

由我們的社會影響團隊。

Another example on the international side,

國際方面的另一個例子。

because we do a lot of international work,

因為我們做了很多國際工作。

is Zari who was developed for Afghansitan.

是為阿富汗斯坦開發的扎裡。

- Welcome to the street.

- 歡迎來到街道。

- Thank you Elmo.

- 謝謝你，艾莫

Today I'm so excited to be here.

今天，我很興奮地來到這裡。

- [Both] Yay!

- [兩個]耶！

(both laugh)

（兩者笑）

- She's six years old.

- 她已經六歲了。

She's curious and also has a younger brother

她的好奇心很強，而且還有一個弟弟

who looks up to her which is a great, kind of,

誰看得起她這是一個偉大的，種。

gender equity role modeling.

兩性平等的榜樣；

Caroll Spinney has been here since season one, you know,

Caroll Spinney從第一季開始就在這裡了，你知道的。

and is the originator of both Oscar and Big Bird.

並且是奧斯卡和大鳥的鼻祖。

He's obviously a legend

他顯然是個傳奇人物

and an amazing performer and just an amazing guy.

和一個驚人的表演者，只是一個了不起的傢伙。

We have a couple of crew members,

我們有幾個隊員。

believe it or not,

信不信由你

who've been here for nearly 50 years.

已經在這裡工作了近50年的人。

Frankie, who's our Camera One operator,

弗蘭基，我們的 "相機一號 "操作員。

has been here since the beginning.

自始至終都在這裡。

Our sound effects editor, Dick Maitland,

我們的音效編輯，迪克-梅特蘭。

has also been here since the beginning.

也自始至終都在這裡。

They work on Sesame Street because they love Sesame Street.

他們在芝麻街工作，因為他們喜歡芝麻街。

They believe in our mission.

他們相信我們的使命。

So people tend to stay.

所以人們往往會留下來。

In a given season of 35 episodes

在一個特定的35集的季節裡

we'll have, you know, 10 to 12 celebrity appearances.

我們將有，你知道，10到12名人出現。

We love to do musical guests

我們喜歡做音樂嘉賓

because kids love music.

因為孩子們喜歡音樂。

And, you know, the celebrities are for the parents

而且，你知道，名人是為父母準備的。

you know, more so than the kids

你知道的，比孩子們還多

who may not know who John Legend is

誰可能不知道誰是John Legend

but when we can combine both,

但當我們能把兩者結合起來。

doing musical and a celebrity appearance,

做音樂劇和名人亮相。

then it's great for everyone.

那麼這對大家來說是很好的。

Celebrities will reach out to us

名人會主動聯繫我們

especially if they've recently had kids

特別是如果他們最近有了孩子

and they think to themselves,

他們認為自己。

wow, I would love for Junior to see me on TV.

哇，我很想讓少年在電視上看到我。

Sesame Street has changed a lot

芝麻街的變化很大

and our production models evolve

我們的生產模式也在不斷髮展

with new technology all the time.

隨著新技術的不斷髮展。

So we did a big kind of redesign of the set in season 46.

所以我們在第46季的時候，對佈景進行了一次大的重新設計。

So that was about four years ago.

所以那是四年前的事了。

And it was, you know,

而這是，你知道的。

obviously we kept 123, the brownstone and Hooper's.

顯然，我們保留了123，褐石和胡伯的。

Those are the touchstones of the set.

這些都是這一套的試金石。

But we wanted to modernize it some

但我們想把它現代化一些

to give it a more colorful and vibrant atmosphere

以使其更加豐富多彩，充滿生機。

and also to position the puppets in specific places.

並且還可以將木偶放置在特定的地方。

So Abby, who is a fairy, we put her in her garden.

所以艾比是個仙女，我們把她放在她的花園裡。

And so now every kid who watches Sesame Street knows, like,

所以現在每個看《芝麻街》的孩子都知道，就像。

that's Abby's garden, that's where she lives,

那是艾比的花園，那是她住的地方。

that's where she hangs out and plays with her friends.

這就是她掛出 和她的朋友玩。

There's hundreds of studies

有數百項研究

that have shown the effectiveness of Sesame Street

芝麻街 "的有效性的報告

and how kids who watch Sesame Street

和孩子們誰看芝麻街

are ready for school in a fashion

整裝待發

that's greater than those who don't.

的，比那些不。

- Why me love cookies?

- 為什麼我喜歡餅乾？

Oh, they just the perfect food.

哦，他們只是完美的食物。

They round, they crunchy,

它們圓圓的，它們脆脆的。

they soft in the middle,

他們在中間軟。

they chocolate, mmm, chocolatey.

他們的巧克力，嗯，巧克力的。

Sorry, me got to go get a cookie right now.

對不起，我現在要去買塊餅乾。

Excuse me.

對不起，請原諒