by looking at what's on their bookshelves.

就看看在他們的書架上有著什麼」，

What do my bookshelves say about me?

我的書架又透露出我什麼事呢？

Well, when I asked myself this question a few years ago,

當我幾年前問自己這個問題的時候，

I made an alarming discovery.

有了一個令人憂心的發現；

I'd always thought of myself as a fairly cultured,

我一直自認算是個相當有文化修養、

cosmopolitan sort of person.

見多識廣的那種人，

But my bookshelves told a rather different story.

但是我的書架上卻訴說著 甚是不同的故事。

Pretty much all the titles on them

它們書身全部的名銜極大多數

were by British or North American authors,

是英國與北美的作家，

and there was almost nothing in translation.

而幾乎沒有翻譯品，

Discovering this massive, cultural blind spot in my reading

發現我在閱讀上這個不得了的 文化盲點

came as quite a shock.

相當晴天霹靂。

And when I thought about it, it seemed like a real shame.

當我一想到這兒， 真是有點不好意思，

I knew there had to be lots of amazing stories out there

我知道此外有著許多作者是用非英語的語言寫出

by writers working in languages other than English.

令人嘖嘖稱奇的故事，

And it seemed really sad to think that my reading habits meant

想到我的閱讀習慣意味著

I would probably never encounter them.

我極可能永遠無法與他們交會， 真的很令人傷心。

So, I decided to prescribe myself

所以我打定主意要給自己排定

an intensive course of global reading.

一個閱讀全球的扎實歷程。

2012 was set to be a very international year for the UK;

2012 年被英國訂定成 大國際化年－

it was the year of the London Olympics.

「倫敦奧運年」。

And so I decided to use it as my time frame

所以我決定把那年當作是我的期限表，

to try to read a novel, short story collection

嘗試閱讀來自世界各國的小說、

or memoir from every country in the world.

短篇故事集或是傳記，

And so I did.

而且我就照這樣去做了。

And it was very exciting

這非常刺激！

and I learned some remarkable things

而且我學到了一些非同小可的事情，

and made some wonderful connections

以及產生一些我今天想要

that I want to share with you today.

與你分享的美好牽連。

But it started with some practical problems.

不過一起步就有著一些現實的問題，

After I'd worked out which of the many different lists of countries in the world

在我已經計算好世界各國 眾多的不同清單裡

to use for my project,

哪一張要用在我的計畫裡之後，

I ended up going with the list of UN-recognized nations,

我最終照著聯合國所認定的國家清單，

to which I added Taiwan,

其中我加進了「台灣」，

which gave me a total of 196 countries.

給了我總共196 個國家。

And after I'd worked out how to fit reading and blogging

而在我計算出如何恰足以 閱讀和寫部落格後－

about, roughly, four books a week

大概一個禮拜四本書、

around working five days a week,

五個工作天；

I then had to face up to the fact that I might even not be able

我接著得要面對－ 也許我沒辦法

to get books in English from every country.

從每個國家去取得用英文翻譯好了的書－這個事實，

Only around 4.5 percent of the literary works published

在英國每年所出版的著作

each year in the UK are translations,

只有 4.5 ％ 左右是翻譯品，

and the figures are similar for much of the English-speaking world.

該數字相當於世界上 說英語之地方的多寡，

Although, the proportion of translated books published

即便在許多其他國家

in many other countries is a lot higher.

翻譯書籍被出版的比例是高出許多，

4.5 percent is tiny enough to start with,

4.5 ％雖少但在起頭時是夠了的；

but what that figure doesn't tell you

但是那個數字所沒告訴你的是－

is that many of those books will come from countries

許多那些書會是來自有著

with strong publishing networks

茁壯之出版通路的國家，

and lots of industry professionals primed to go out and sell those titles

而且眾多該業界之專業人才

to English-language publishers.

準備好要向外走出以及販賣那些書目給英語出版商。

So, for example, although well over 100 books are translated from French

舉例來說雖然每一年有超過 100 本書是從法文翻譯過來

and published in the UK each year,

以及在英國出版，

most of them will come from countries like France or Switzerland.

其中大部份將會是來自法國和瑞士；

French-speaking Africa, on the other hand,

另一方面來說使用法文的非洲國家

will rarely ever get a look-in.

將會很少有機會來出線。

The upshot is that there are actually quite a lot of nations

結果就是實際上相當多國家

that may have little or even no commercially available literature

也許只有少許甚或沒有商務上

in English.

買得到的英文著作，

Their books remain invisible to readers

它們的書對世界上出版

of the world's most published language.

最大宗之語種的讀者而言還是連個影子都沒有。

But when it came to reading the world,

但是當講到了「閱讀世界」，

the biggest challenge of all for me

對我來說最大的難關就是

was that fact that I didn't know where to start.

我不知道從哪裡做開端的事實；

Having spent my life reading almost exclusively British

已經花了我一輩子的時間在閱讀幾乎

and North American books,

不外於英國和北美的書籍，

I had no idea how to go about sourcing and finding stories

我根本不清楚要如何去獲取、

and choosing them from much of the rest of the world.

找到故事和從世界更多其他各處去挑選，

I couldn't tell you how to source a story from Swaziland.

我沒辦法跟你說要如何 從斯威士蘭取得一本小說、

I wouldn't know a good novel from Namibia.

我不會知道納米比亞的一本好小說，

There was no hiding it --

不諱言讓你知道

I was a clueless literary xenophobe.

我是個漫無頭緒的文學輕外者，

So how on earth was I going to read the world?

我究竟憑什麼打定主意「閱讀世界」呢？

I was going to have to ask for help.

我打定主意得去請人幫忙，

So in October 2011, I registered my blog,

所以在 2011 年的十月 我註冊了自己的部落格－

ayearofreadingtheworld.com,

ayearofreadingtheworld.com，

and I posted a short appeal online.

我在網路上張貼了簡短的訴請，

I explained who I was,

我說明了我是什麼人、

how narrow my reading had been,

過去以來我的閱讀是如何的狹隘、

and I asked anyone who cared to

以及我懇請任何有心人留下訊息

to leave a message suggesting what I might read

來建議我可以讀些

from other parts of the planet.

來自世界各角落的什麼書。

Now, I had no idea whether anyone would be interested,

我不清楚到底有沒有人會有興趣嗎？

but within a few hours of me posting that appeal online,

不過在張貼訴請的幾個小時內

people started to get in touch.

大家開始來聯絡了；

At first, it was friends and colleagues.

起先是朋友和同事們，

Then it was friends of friends.

接著是朋友的友人，

And pretty soon, it was strangers.

很快地便是陌生人了。

Four days after I put that appeal online,

在我把訴請放到網路上四天後，

I got a message from a woman called Rafidah in Kuala Lumpur.

我從名喚「拉菲妲」的吉隆坡女性 那裡收到一則訊息，

She said she loved the sound of my project,

她說她喜愛我的計畫給人的感覺，

could she go to her local English-language bookshop

她能否去當地的英語書店

and choose my Malaysian book and post it to me?

挑選我的馬來西亞書並且寄給我嗎？

I accepted enthusiastically,

我熱切地接受了，

and a few weeks later,

幾個禮拜後包裹抵達了，

a package arrived containing not one, but two books --

內附不是一本而是兩本書－

Rafidah's choice from Malaysia,

拉菲妲來自馬來西亞的選擇、

and a book from Singapore that she had also picked out for me.

還有一本她也挑給我的新加坡書。

Now, at the time, I was amazed

當適時我很詫異

that a stranger more than 6,000 miles away

一個遠在 6,000 哩外的陌生人

would go to such lengths to help someone

會竭盡心力地來幫忙她也許

she would probably never meet.

永遠碰不上的某人！

But Rafidah's kindness proved to be the pattern for that year.

但是拉菲妲的好心腸 印證了那年的模式－

Time and again, people went out of their way to help me.

一遍又一遍地大家費盡心思來幫我；

Some took on research on my behalf,

有些人代替我接手研考、

and others made detours on holidays and business trips

其他人在渡假或是商務旅行時

to go to bookshops for me.

繞道去為我購書。

It turns out, if you want to read the world,

結果發現假使你想要讀遍世界、

if you want to encounter it with an open mind,

你想要帶著敞開的心房去會見它－

the world will help you.

這世界將會幫助你。

When it came to countries

當來到只有一些或是商務上無法取得

with little or no commercially available literature in English,

用英文翻好文學著作的國家時，

people went further still.

人家依然更賣力來幫忙。

Books often came from surprising sources.

書籍常常出於意外的取得，

My Panamanian read, for example, came through a conversation

舉例而言我的閱讀巴拿馬來自

I had with the Panama Canal on Twitter.

我和推特上「巴拿馬運河」的對話。

Yes, the Panama Canal has a Twitter account.

沒錯！推特帳號有「巴拿馬運河」，

And when I tweeted at it about my project,

在我推文了我的計畫

it suggested that I might like to try and get hold of the work

它建議說我或許會想要試試和持有

of the Panamanian author Juan David Morgan.

巴拿馬作家「寰大衛．摩根」的作品。

I found Morgan's website and I sent him a message,

我找到了摩根的網站寄給他一則訊息，

asking if any of his Spanish-language novels

問道是否有任何一本他的西班牙文小說

had been translated into English.

已經被翻譯成英語的；

And he said that nothing had been published,

而他說沒有英文版作品曾被出版過，

but he did have an unpublished translation

不過他確實有他的小說「黃金馬」

of his novel "The Golden Horse."

未出版的翻譯本，

He emailed this to me,

他電郵給了這個給我，

allowing me to become one of the first people ever

同意我成為至今為止

to read that book in English.

最先用英文讀過這本書的人。

Morgan was by no means the only wordsmith

摩根絕非是唯一的文學巨擘

to share his work with me in this way.

用這種方式跟我分享他的作品，

From Sweden to Palau,

從瑞典以至於帛琉

writers and translators sent me self-published books

作家和譯者們送給我自印的書

and unpublished manuscripts of books

以及未出版的手稿－

that hadn't been picked up by Anglophone publishers

那些沒被輕外的出版商所挑中，

or that were no longer available,

或是再也買不到的書，

giving me privileged glimpses of some remarkable imaginary worlds.

給了我令人眼紅的暫瞥 引人入勝的意想世界。

I read, for example,

我讀了好比

about the Southern African king Ngungunhane, who led the resistance

南非國王「袞袞哈納」

against the Portuguese in the 19th century;

在十九世紀帶頭反抗葡萄牙人、

and about marriage rituals in a remote village

在土庫曼遙遠裏海邊岸

on the shores of the Caspian sea in Turkmenistan.

村莊的結婚禮俗、

I met Kuwait's answer to Bridget Jones.

我遇見了給布莉姬．瓊斯的科威特答案、

(Laughter)

(笑聲)

And I read about an orgy in a tree in Angola.

還有我讀到了在安哥拉 一棵樹上縱情狂歡。

But perhaps the most amazing example

不過也許大家

of the lengths that people were prepared to go to

打定主意竭盡心力

to help me read the world,

來幫助我閱讀世界最不可思議的例子

came towards the end of my quest,

出現在我探索的結尾，

when I tried to get hold of a book from the tiny, Portuguese-speaking

當我試著從講葡萄牙語的非洲小島國「聖多美普林西比」

African island nation of São Tomé and Príncipe.

得到一本書的時候；

Now, having spent several months trying everything I could think of to find

在持續花了幾個月

a book that had been translated into English from the nation,

試過所有我能夠想到東西來找到一本該國已經被翻成英語的書，

it seemed as though the only option left to me

看起來好像剩下的唯一選項

was to see if I could get something translated for me from scratch.

就是看看我是否能夠無中生有 取得翻譯好要給我的東西。

Now, I was really dubious

我真的很沒把握

whether anyone was going to want to help with this,

到底有誰想要幫忙我這事，

and give up their time for something like that.

為了像這款事捨棄自己的時間。

But, within a week of me putting a call out on Twitter and Facebook

但是當我對通曉葡萄牙語的人在推特和臉書上徵求

for Portuguese speakers,

不到一個禮拜內，

I had more people than I could involve in the project,

我有了更多我能在計畫裡納進來的人；

including Margaret Jull Costa, a leader in her field,

包括了瑪格莉特．茱寇斯塔 － 在其行業裡的一位領袖人物，

who has translated the work of Nobel Prize winner José Saramago.

她翻譯過諾貝爾得主 「若澤．薩拉馬戈」的作品。

With my nine volunteers in place,

有了我的九位志工蓄勢以待，

I managed to find a book by a São Toméan author

我順利找到我可以在網路上買到

that I could buy enough copies of online.

足夠多份聖多美作家的一本書；

Here's one of them.

這裡是其中一本，

And I sent a copy out to each of my volunteers.

而我送給了我每一位義工一本。

They all took on a couple of short stories from this collection,

他們都從本合集裡承攬了幾個短故事，

stuck to their word, sent their translations back to me,

說到做到的把譯本送回來給我，

and within six weeks, I had the entire book to read.

六個禮拜內我有了整本書好讀。

In that case, as I found so often during my year of reading the world,

因為這樣在我一年裡讀遍世界的期間，

my not knowing and being open about my limitations

經常發現到我的無知以及

had become a big opportunity.

做到不遮掩我的侷限已經變成一個大大的良機，

When it came to São Tomé and Príncipe,

當著手閱讀聖多美普林西比時，

it was a chance not only to learn something new

那是一個機會－不但學到新東西、

and discover a new collection of stories,

發現新的故事集，

but also to bring together a group of people

而且把一群人湊在一塊

and facilitate a joint creative endeavor.

促成一個集結催生的奮鬥，

My weakness had become the project's strength.

我的不足變成了該計畫的強項。

The books I read that year opened my eyes to many things.

我在那一年所讀的書大開我的眼界，

As those who enjoy reading will know,

如同喜愛閱讀的人所知道－

books have an extraordinary power to take you out of yourself

書本有股超凡的力量帶你脫離自己

and into someone else's mindset,

進到某人的思維裡，

so that, for a while at least,

所以起碼有一陣子的時間

you look at the world through different eyes.

你透過了不同的眼光看待這世界。

That can be an uncomfortable experience,

那可以是一個不好受的體驗

particularly if you're reading a book

特別是假使你閱讀一本書－

from a culture that may have quite different values to your own.

可能來自價值觀與你自己 有相當大差異的文化；

But it can also be really enlightening.

但是它也可以是確實啟發人的，

Wrestling with unfamiliar ideas can help clarify your own thinking.

與陌生的想法角力可以幫助 釐清自己的思考，

And it can also show up blind spots

而且它也可以彰顯出盲點－

in the way you might have been looking at the world.

你一直用來看世界的方法可能會有的。

When I looked back at much of the English-language literature

當我回顧好比說眾多

I'd grown up with, for example,

伴隨我成長的英文著作時，

I began to see how narrow a lot of it was,

我開始看見那有多麼地窄淺，

compared to the richness that the world has to offer.

相較於這世界所提供之豐盈。

And as the pages turned,

而且當頁數跳轉

something else started to happen, too.

也開始發生一些事情了，

Little by little,

一點一滴的

that long list of countries that I'd started the year with, changed

那一長串我起步那一年持有的國家列表，

from a rather dry, academic register of place names

從一個比較枯燥、學理上登錄的地名

into living, breathing entities.

轉變成有生命般的實體。

Now, I don't want to suggest that it's at all possible

此時我不是要建議

to get a rounded picture of a country simply by reading one book.

單單透過讀本書就有絲毫可能獲取一國周密的圖像；

But cumulatively, the stories I read that year

但是累積下來我在那年讀過的故事

made me more alive than ever before

使得我比以前對我們

to the richness, diversity and complexity of our remarkable planet.

引人入勝之地球的豐盈、多元性、複雜度要更清醒，

It was as though the world's stories

這就好像世界的故事

and the people who'd gone to such lengths to help me read them

和已經竭盡心力幫助我閱讀它們的大夥

had made it real to me.

把它變得實在。

These days, when I look at my bookshelves

這些日子以來當我看著我自己的書架，

or consider the works on my e-reader,

或是深思我電子閱讀器上的作品時，

they tell a rather different story.

它們訴說出了更不一樣的故事；

It's the story of the power books have to connect us

是書本擁有力量的故事－

across political, geographical, cultural, social, religious divides.

連結我們橫跨政治、地理、文化、 社會、信仰的劃分，

It's the tale of the potential human beings have to work together.

那是人類有著共事潛力的故事。

And, it's testament

這對我們所依存別開生面的

to the extraordinary times we live in, where, thanks to the Internet,

時代是個考驗，感謝網際網路－

it's easier than ever before

讓陌生人來分享故事、

for a stranger to share a story, a worldview, a book

世界觀、一本書給她也許從未見過地球上

with someone she may never meet, on the other side of the planet.

在其他地方的某人比以前還要更容易。

I hope it's a story I'm reading for many years to come.

我希望這是個我將長年閱讀的故事，

And I hope many more people will join me.

而且我希望更多人會來加入我，

If we all read more widely, there'd be more incentive

要是我們所有人閱讀得更廣博，對出版商就會有更多誘因

for publishers to translate more books,

來翻譯更多的書，

and we would all be richer for that.

而我們全都會為此更為淵博。

Thank you.

謝謝大家！

(Applause)

(掌聲)