Name: 德國小鎮，真的要分崩離析了嗎？ (The German Town That's Literally Breaking Apart)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T07:27:01.000Z
Duration: 2 min 30 s

This is the town of Staufen, near the Black Forest in south-west Germany.

這是一個叫做 Staufen 的城市，位於靠近德國西南部的黑森林

And as you walk around, it looks like a normal German town

當你四處逛逛時，他看起來就是普通的德國城鎮

Up on some buildings, there is a big fake piece of sticky tape

在一些建築物上，有一片假的膠帶痕跡

with a slogan that translates as "Staufen must not fall apart".

上面寫著標語「Staufen 絕對不能崩壞！」

The government here tried to bore for geothermic energy

and they bored, in total,  seven boreholes right behind the town hall.

在市政大廳後面，他們鑽了七個洞

Underneath of Staufen is a big layer of anhydrite

在 Staufen 地下，有一層厚厚的硬石膏

and underneath that is a layer of groundwater in a confined aquifer.

在那之下，是一層富有地下水的含水層

The pressurised groundwater went into the layer of anhydrite

and formed gypsum which expands by about 50%.

導致石膏的生成，並且膨脹了 50% 的體積

Unfortunately, that means that the ground  is expanding, bulging up,

很不幸的，這代表地表會連帶凸起

and forming cracks in almost every single house that's standing here.

It took two weeks for the first cracks to appear.

In the decades since the drilling operation

the town hall has risen more than half a metre

市政廳已經被抬高將近半公尺了

and moved sideways by about the same amount.

And that might not sound like much, and yes, if everything

聽起來也許不多，但如果每個東西

had shifted evenly it might not even be a problem.

都平均地凸起，那或許不是個問題

The trouble is that different parts of each building

have shifted by slightly different amounts.

Modern buildings couldn't cope with that,

There's water from this confined aquifer that's pushing up the boreholes.

從含水層滲出的水，從鑽孔湧上

And what they are trying to do is get the water out,

get the pressure down from the confined aquifer

so that it doesn't even want to go up those holes anymore.

So they are pumping at a speed of around a litre per second.

他們用大約每公升每秒的速度將水抽出

The swelling started with about a centimetre per month,

膨脹速度一開始大約每個月一公分

now it's down to about a millimetre per month.

But it's still swelling, and even a millimetre  is still way too much for every house.

但是仍然在膨脹中，即便是一毫米，對每棟房子來說都嫌太多。

but you cannot just plug it like a bathtub.

你不能只是像浴缸一樣把水塞住就沒事了

It's more three dimensional, so in reality

you would need a big, big plug and you don't even know where it exactly is.

你會需要一個非常大的塞子，但你根本不知道他在哪裡

The drilling company settled out of court for more than €1m,

鑽孔公司在法庭上妥協，賠償一百萬歐元

but the cost of the damage here is estimated at more than 50 times that.

但是他帶來的災害損失至少是他的50倍

And there are eight other German towns with similar problems.

至少有其他八個德國城鎮也有類似問題

Geothermal drilling was popular and not massively regulated.

地熱鑽孔非常的受歡迎，但不是那麼的受管制

And while the industry and the country have learned from those mistakes,

for this town that knowledge comes a little too late.

Thank you very much to Constantijn Crijnen,

he suggested this video in the first place.

He also has his own YouTube channel where he's building

他個人也有一個關於 3D 列印有關的

a 3D printer from scratch, go check him out.

YouTube影片，有興趣的話也去瞧瞧吧！