just give you the latest episode of India's --

我要為大家介紹的是

maybe the world's -- longest running soap opera,

最新一集的印度連續劇

which is cricket.

這也可能是世界上最長的一齣連續劇

And may it run forever, because it gives people like me a living.

那就是－－板球

It's got everything that you'd want a normal soap opera to want:

它可能永遠不會播完結篇，因為有像我一樣的人還得靠它吃飯

It's got love, joy, happiness,

它也跟一般的連續劇一樣，包含了所有的要素

sadness, tears, laughter,

有愛、歡樂、幸福

lots of deceit, intrigue.

有悲傷、淚水、歡笑

And like all good soaps, it jumps 20 years

也有一籮筐的騙局和陰謀

when the audience interest changes.

也像所有好看的連續劇一樣，當觀眾想換換口味時

And that's exactly what cricket has done.

它也可以快轉個20年

It's jumped 20 years

這正是板球帶給我們的

into 20-over game.

它快轉了20年

And that's what I'm going to talk about,

出現了一局只打20回合的比賽

how a small change

這就是今天的主題

leads to a very big revolution.

一個小小的改變

But it wasn't always like that.

如何引起一場大革命

Cricket wasn't always this

不過，也不是一向如此

speed-driven generations game.

板球不是一直都像現在

There was a time when you played cricket,

是個速食族群的比賽

you played timeless test matches,

曾經，在板球比賽中

when you played on till the game got over.

也曾打過不限時的對抗賽

And there was this game in March 1939

就一直打、打到有結果為止

that started on the third of March

就像1939年3月的一場比賽

and ended on the 14th of March.

3月3日開賽

And it only ended because the English cricketers

一直打到3月14日才結束

had to go from Durban to Cape Town,

比賽結束的原因是因為英格蘭隊隊員

which is a two-hour train journey,

不得不從德班（南非一城市）搭兩個小時的火車

to catch the ship that left on the 17th,

到開普敦（南非首府）去

because the next ship wasn't around for a long time.

趕一班17日要離港的船

So, the match was ended in between.

因為，還要很久才會再有下一班船

And one of the English batsmen said, "You know what?

因此，比賽被迫中止

Another half an hour and we would have won."

英格蘭隊的一位打擊手說：「你知道嗎？

(Laughter)

要是再多半個小時，我們就會贏了」

Another half an hour after 12 days.

（笑聲）

There were two Sundays in between. But of course, Sundays are church days,

12天後，那半個小時到來了

so you don't play on Sundays. And one day it rained,

但這中間包括了兩個星期天。因為星期天要上教堂

so they all sat around making friends with each other.

所以不比賽。此外還有其中一天下雨

But there is a reason why India fell in love with cricket:

所以他們就坐一起交個朋友

because we had about the same pace of life.

印度人會愛上板球的原因

(Laughter)

是因為它和我們生活的步調一致

The Mahabharata was like that as well, wasn't it?

（笑聲）

You fought by day, then it was sunset,

摩訶婆羅多就是這樣，不是嗎？（梵文史詩，世上最長史詩之一）

so everyone went back home.

天亮時開戰，直到太陽下山

And then you worked out your strategy,

就各自回家

and you came and fought the next day, and you went back home again.

去策劃你的戰略

The only difference between the Mahabharata and our cricket was

隔天回到戰場，然後天黑時又再回家

that in cricket, everybody was alive to come back and fight the next day.

摩訶婆羅多和板球唯一的不同點

Princes patronize the game,

是在板球比賽中，所有人都活著回家，然後隔天再戰

not because they love the game,

王公貴族們都會支持球賽

but because it was a means of ingratiating themselves

但並不是因為他們熱愛板球

to the British rulers.

而是因為他們可以藉此

But there is one other reason why India fell in love with cricket,

來融入英國統治者的圈圈

which was, all you needed was a plank of wood

還有另一個原因讓印度人愛上板球

and a rubber ball, and any number of people

那就是，你只需要一塊木板

could play it anywhere.

和一顆皮球，然後不管多少人

Take a look:

你都可以在任何地方玩

You could play it in the dump

請看

with some rocks over there,

你可以在垃圾場裡打

you could play it in a little alley --

還有一些石頭在那兒咧

you couldn't hit square anywhere, because the bat hit the wall;

你也可以在小巷子裡打

don't forget the air conditioning and the cable wires.

但你沒辦法九十度揮棒，因為你會打到牆

(Laughter)

別忘了，還要小心那些冷氣機和天線

You could play it on the banks of the Ganges --

（笑聲）

that's as clean as the Ganges has been for a long time.

你也可以在恆河岸邊打

Or you could play many games in one small patch of land,

恆河已經這麼乾淨很久了

even if you didn't know which game you were actually in.

也可以在一塊小場地上同時進行好幾場比賽

(Laughter)

就算你可能不知道你到底是在打哪一場

As you can see, you can play anywhere.

（笑聲）

But slowly the game moved on,

如你所見，隨處都可以打板球

you know, finally.

但，漸漸地，球賽有所進化

You don't always have five days. So, we moved on,

嗯，終於！

and we started playing 50-over cricket.

畢竟不是大家都有五天的時間悠哉打球。所以，板球有了進化

And then an enormous accident took place.

開始有了50回合的比賽（一局50回合）

In Indian sport we don't make things happen,

接著，一項重大事件發生了

accidents happen and we're in the right place at the right time, sometimes.

通常在印度，我們不強求事情發生

And we won this World Cup in 1983.

事情只是在對的地點、對的時間、恰巧發生了

And suddenly we fell in love with the 50-over game,

就這樣，我們贏了1983年的世界盃

and we played it virtually every day.

剎那間，也愛上了50回合的單日賽

There was more 50-over cricket than anywhere.

我們每一天都打板球

But there was another big date.

50回合的賽事比哪兒都多

1983 was when we won the World Cup.

但還有另一個重要的日子

1991,'92, we found a finance minister

1983年是我們贏得世界盃之時

and a prime minister

而1991,、92年，來了一位財務大臣

willing to let the world look at India,

和一位首相

rather than be this great country of intrigue

想要讓世界看到真正的印度

and mystery in this closed country.

而不只是看到一個神祕

And so we allowed multinationals into India.

且封閉的國家

We cut customs duties, we reduced import duties,

於是，我們開放跨國公司進入印度

and we got all the multinationals coming in,

降低進出口關稅

with multinational budgets,

所有的跨國公司都來了

who looked at per-capita income

他們帶著大筆的預算

and got very excited about the possibilities in India,

他們看著印度人民的個人所得

and were looking for a vehicle to reach every Indian.

而對印度的發展可能性感到樂觀

And there are only two vehicles in India -- one real, one scripted.

也試著尋找一個可以深入印度人民的媒介

The scripted one is what you see in the movies,

要深入民心的方法只有兩種：一個是真實的，一個是要對著稿子的

the real one was cricket.

要對著稿子的是電影

And so one of my friends sitting right here in front of me,

而真實的就是板球了

Ravi Dhariwal from Pepsi, decided he's going to take it

我一位朋友，現在就坐在我正前方－－

all over the world.

百事集團（Pepsi）的拉維·塔里弗（Ravi Tarival），決定把板球

And Pepsi was this big revolution, because they started taking cricket all over.

帶到全世界

And so cricket started becoming big;

百事掀起了這場革命；他們開始把板球推展到各地

cricket started bringing riches in.

板球活動於是變得壯大

Television started covering cricket. For a long time

板球將財富帶進印度

television said, "We won't cover cricket

電視台開始轉播板球。很久以來，

unless you pay us to cover it."

電視台總說：「我們不會轉播板球，

Then they said, "OK,

除非你們付錢請我們播」

the next rights are sold for 55 million dollars.

他們說：「好」

The next rights are sold for 612 million dollars."

下個轉播權，賣了5500萬美金

So, it's a bit of a curve, that.

下個轉播權，賣了6億1200百萬美金

And then another big accident happened in our cricket.

有點像曲線一樣往上升

England invented 20 overs cricket,

接著，又一項重大事件發生了

and said, "The world must play 20 overs cricket."

英格蘭發明了20回合制的板球比賽

Just as England invented cricket, and made the rest of the world play it.

然後宣布：「全世界都得打20回合制的板球」

Thank God for them.

就因為英格蘭發明了板球，然後要全世界都一起玩

(Laughter)

真是謝謝老天爺呀～

And so, India had to go and play the T20 World Cup, you see.

（笑聲）

India didn't want to play the T20 World Cup.

也因此，印度得去參加T20（20回合制）的世界盃

But we were forced to play it by an 8-1 margin.

印度根本不想去參加T20世界盃

And then something very dramatic happened.

但八比一的投票結果，我們被迫去參加

We got to the final, and then this moment,

結果，很戲劇性的事發生了

that will remain enshrined forever,

我們打進決賽，而這一刻

for everybody, take a look.

會永遠的被所有人

(Crowd cheering)

銘記在心～請看

The Pakistani batsman trying to clear the fielder.

（群眾歡呼聲）

Announcer: And Zishan takes it! India wins!

巴基斯坦的打擊手試著打超過外野手

What a match for a Twenty20 final.

播音員：「被茲杉（Zishan）接殺了！印度奪冠！」

India, the world champions.

多精采的一場20-20決賽啊

(Cheering)

印度隊，世界冠軍

India, T20 champions.

（歡呼聲）

But what a game we had, M. S. Dhoni

印度隊，T20冠軍

got it right in the air, but Misbah-ul-Haq, what a player.

多精采的一場比賽啊，我們的M S Dhoni

A massive, massive success:

直接接住那球。而巴基斯坦的Misbah-ul-Haq，也是個不可多得的好手

India, the world TT champions.

大大的勝利

Harsha Bhogle: Suddenly India discovered this power of 20-overs cricket.

印度隊，TT世界冠軍

The accident, of course, there, was that the batsman

瞬時間，印度發現了20回合制板球的威力

thought the bowler was bowling fast.

整件事會發生，當然是因為那個巴基斯坦打擊手

(Laughter)

還以為我們的投手有辦法投快速球

If he had bowled fast, the ball would have gone where it was meant to go,

（笑聲）

but it didn't go. And we suddenly discovered

如果真的投快速球的話，那球就真的會被打到預期的位置了

that we could be good at this game.

可是它沒有。所以我們突然發覺到

And what it also did was

我們有辦法打板球打很好

it led to a certain pride in the fact that India could be the best in the world.

除此之外

It was at a time when investment was coming in,

也讓我們有了「印度也能是世界第一」的自信

India was feeling a little more confident about itself.

那時，外資開始湧入

And so there was a feeling that there was great pride

印度也對自己稍微比較有信心了

in what we can do.

我們也對自己能做到的事

And thankfully for all of us,

感到驕傲

the English are very good at inventing things,

另外，值得感謝的是

and then the gracious people that they are,

英國人很愛發明新東西

they let the world become very good at it.

而他們又很仁慈地

(Laughter)

讓全世界的人都能玩得很上手

And so England invented T20 cricket,

（笑聲）

and allowed India to hijack it.

就像他們發明了T20板球

It was not like reengineering that we do in medicine,

然後就讓印度把它直接憑空帶走

we just took it straight away, as is.

不是像對藥物還會再改造加工

(Laughter)

而是直接原封不動的拿去用

And so, we launched our own T20 league.

（笑聲）

Six weeks, city versus city.

於是，我們推出了我們自己的T20聯賽

It was a new thing for us. We had only ever supported our country --

六週間，城市對城市的比賽

the only two areas in which India was very proud about

這是全新的體驗。過去我們只有支持過國家隊

their country, representing itself on the field.

印度對自己國家感到驕傲的

One was war, the Indian army, which we don't like to happen very often.

只有在兩個領域裡

The other was Indian cricket.

一是印度國民軍，但我們可不想戰爭常發生

Now, suddenly we had to support city leagues.

再者，就是印度板球隊了

But the people getting into these city leagues

現在，突然間，我們得支持自己城市的球隊了

were people who were taking their cues from the West.

不過主導這些城市聯賽的人

America is a home of leagues. And they said,

都是照著西方的方式運作

"Right, we'll build some glitzy leagues here in India."

畢竟美國是聯賽的大本營。他們說：

But was India ready for it?

「好，我們在印度搞一些超強的聯賽吧」

Because cricket, for a long time in India was always organized.

可是，印度準備好了嗎？

It was never promoted, it was never sold -- it was organized.

長久以來，板球活動在印度都是官方策劃的

And look what they did with our beautiful, nice,

從來沒有被宣傳過、被商品化過

simple family game.

好啦，看看他們對我們善良、單純的家庭比賽

All of a sudden, you had that happening.

做了什麼好事

(Music)

突然間，一切都發生了

An opening ceremony to match every other.

（音樂）

This was an India that was buying Corvettes. This was an India that was buying Jaguar.

每場比賽都有個開幕儀式

This was an India that was adding more mobile phones per month

這是一位印度人買了雪佛蘭汽車。另一位買了捷豹（積架）汽車。

than New Zealand's population twice over.

這一位每個月賣出的手機

So, it was a different India.

比紐西蘭人口的兩倍還多

But it was also a slightly more orthodox India

這是一個截然不同的印度

that was very happy to be modern,

但也是一個比較傳統的國家

but didn't want to say that to people.

雖對現代化感到開心

And so, they were aghast when the cheerleaders arrived.

但又不想跟別人說

Everyone secretly watched them, but everyone claimed not to.

所以，當啦啦隊出現時，他們嚇傻了

(Music)

每個人都偷偷看，但又不想承認

(Laughter)

（音樂）

The new owners of Indian cricket were not the old princes.

（笑聲）

They were not bureaucrats who were forced

球隊的新老闆不是以前那些王公貴族

into sport because they didn't actually love it;

也不是被逼來當老闆的官僚們

these were people who ran serious companies.

那些人其實根本不愛板球

And so they started promoting cricket big time,

現在這些都是大企業經營者

started promoting clubs big time.

他們開始大力地推行板球

And they've started promoting them with huge money behind it.

大力地宣傳球隊

I mean the IPL had 2.3 billion dollars

用大量的資金來宣傳

before a ball was bowled,

甚至在球賽開打前

1.6 billion dollars for television revenue over 10 years,

印度超級板球聯賽就已有2.3億的資金

and another 70 million dollars plus from all these franchises

其中，1.6億是10年電視轉播權的盈收

that were putting in money. And then they had to appeal to their cities,

另外加上賣出7000萬的經銷權

but they had to do it like the West, right? Because we are setting up leagues.

接著他們要號召各個城市

But what they were very good at doing

但他們又得辦得像在西方一樣，對吧？因為始終他們是要搞聯賽嘛

was making it very localized.

不過他們的強項是在於

So, just to give you an example of how they did it --

把它辦得十分本土化

not Manchester United style promotion,

給大家看個例子

but very Mumbai style promotion. Take a look.

宣傳手法不是「曼聯式」的

(Music)

而是非常「孟買式」的，請看

Of course, a lot of people said, "Maybe they dance better than they play."

（音樂）

(Laughter)

當然，很多人說：他們的舞技大概比球技厲害吧

But that's all right. What it did also is it changed the way we looked at cricket.

（笑聲）

All along, if you wanted a young cricketer,

不過，也是啦！這也將我們對板球的印象改觀了

you picked him up from the bylanes of your own little locality,

一直以來，如果你想要一個年輕的球員

your own city, and you were very proud

你會從自己的城市、地方上的小巷子裡找一個

of the system that produced those cricketers.

當然，這樣找選手的制度

Now, all of the sudden, if you were to bowl a shot --

還會讓你感到驕傲

if Mumbai were to bowl a shot, for example,

然而，突然之間，如果你少一名投手

they needn't go to Kalbadevi

以孟買來舉例，如果要找一名投手

or Shivaji Park or somewhere to source them,

你不用只在喀巴德維（Kalbadevi）、

they could go to Trinidad.

或只在詩瓦及公園（Shivaji Park）這樣的地方找

This was the new India, wasn't it? This was the new world,

你可以飛到千里達去找喔

where you can source from anywhere

這是個嶄新的印度，對吧？是個全新的世界

as long as you get the best product at the best price.

只要你可以用最好的價錢、買到最好的選手

And all of a sudden, Indian sport had awakened to the reality

你可以到世界各地挑選手

that you can source the best product for the best price

突然間印度的運動甦醒、到了真實世界了

anywhere in the world.

你可以以最好的價格、買到最好的選手

So, the Mumbai Indians flew in Dwayne Bravo from Trinidad and Tobago,

在全世界都行

overnight. And when he had to go back to represent

於是，孟買印度人隊一夜間從千里達把Dwayne Bravo請來

the West Indies, they asked him, "When do you have to reach?"

當他得飛回去代表西印度群島隊出賽時

He said, "I have to be there by a certain time, so I have to leave today."

球隊問他：「你什麼時候之前要抵達？」

We said, "No, no, no. It's not about when you have to leave;

DB：「我得在某個時間出場，所以我今天必須離開這裡」

it's about when do you have to reach there?"

球隊說：「不、不、不，問題不是你什麼時候離開這兒，

And so he said, "I've got to reach on date X."

而是你什麼時候要抵達那兒？」

And they said, "Fine, you play to date X, minus one."