(Music ends)

(掌聲)

(Applause)

謝謝，

Thank you!

非常感謝！

(Applause continues)

我和前一個講者一樣，是TED的新人，

Thank you very much.

我第一次來到TED，不知道該講些什麼。

Like the speaker before me -- I am a TED virgin, I guess.

(掌聲)

I'm also the first time here, and ...

我很高興安德生先生邀請我來，

(Laughter)

也很高興有這個機會為各位演奏。

I don't know what to say!

我剛才彈的曲子是由霍夫曼所作，

(Applause)

曲名為「萬花筒(Kaleidoscope)」。

I'm really happy that Mr. Anderson invited me.

霍夫曼是十九世紀末的波蘭鋼琴家兼作曲家，

I'm really grateful that I get a chance to play for everyone.

一般公認他是有史以來最偉大的鋼琴家之一。

And the song that I just played was by Josef Hofmann.

我想為各位演奏另一首曲子，

It's called "Kaleidoscope."

是由舒曼這位十九世紀德國作曲家

And Hofmann is a Polish pianist and composer of the late 19th century,

所作的「阿貝格變奏曲(Abegg Variations)」。

and he's widely considered one of the greatest pianists of all time.

阿貝格的英文拼法是A-B-E-G-G，

I have another piece that I'd like to play for you.

也就是這首曲子的主要旋律，

It's called "Abegg Variations," by Robert Schumann,

同時也是舒曼某位女性朋友的姓氏。

a German 19th-century composer.

(笑聲)

The name "Abegg" is actually A-B-E-G-G,

但舒曼的這首曲子是獻給他太太的。

and that's the main theme in the melody.

(笑聲)

(Plays the notes A, B, E, G and G)

所以，如果你仔細聽，

That comes from the last name of one of Schumann's female friends.

裡面應該會有五個變奏的旋律。

(Laughter)

這首曲子是在1834年左右寫的，即使年代有點久遠，

But he wrote that for his wife.

還是希望各位喜歡。

(Laughter)

(掌聲)

So actually, if you listen carefully,

現在是我最不喜歡的部分，

there are supposed to be five variations on this Abegg theme.

因為安德生先生告訴我

It's written around 1834,

這個單元是「和諧與流暢」，我就想：

so even though it's old, I hope you'll like it.

「我知道的事情裡，有什麼是這些天才不知道的事？」

(Music)

所以，我決定來談談作曲，

(Music ends)

即使我不知道要從何談起。

(Applause)

我怎麼作曲的？

Now comes the part that I hate.

Yamaha針對作曲這方面的教學，做得很不錯。

Well, because Mr. Anderson told me

我一開始會先想一些小小的曲調片段，

that this session is called "Sync and Flow,"

先在鋼琴上試彈一下，

I was wondering, "What do I know that these geniuses don't?"

然後選定其中一個做為主旋律，

(Laughter)

就像你剛才聽到的阿貝格一樣。

So, I'll talk about musical composition,

一旦選定了主旋律之後，我就必須決定

even though I don't know where to start.

要使用什麼樣音樂曲風來表現？

How do I compose?

今年，我選定的是浪漫曲風。

I think Yamaha does a really good job of teaching us how to compose.

為了增加靈感，我通常會聽李斯特、柴可夫斯基等

What I do first is, I make a lot of little musical ideas

浪漫曲風作曲家的作品。

you can just improvise here at the piano --

接下來，我會和老師一起描繪出整個作品的架構，

and I choose one of those to become my main theme, my main melody,

他們會協助我規劃整個作品，

like the Abegg that you just heard.

最難的部分是要填入各個曲調片段，

And once I choose my main theme, I have to decide:

因為這個時候就需要思考了。

Out of all the styles in music, what kind of style do I want?

最後，當雛型慢慢塑造出來後，

And this year, I composed a Romantic style.

對，是雛型，

So for inspiration, I listened to Liszt and Tchaikovsky

接下來就進入琢磨的工作，也就是細部修改，

and all the great Romantic composers.

把整首曲子仔細地琢磨一遍。

Next, I make the structure of the entire piece with my teachers.

我的另一個嗜好是畫圖，

They help me plan out the whole piece.

我喜歡畫的是日本的動漫畫，

And then the hard part is filling it in with musical ideas,

也是目前青少年瘋狂喜愛的漫畫。

because then you have to think.

後來我發現，

(Laughter)

創作音樂和創作畫作有許多相似之處，

And then, when the piece takes somewhat of a solified form --

因為這二者都需要決定創作的動機和原始構想，

solidified, excuse me -- solidified form,

而你也必須決定你畫中的角色，可以是一個你認識的人，

you're supposed to actually polish the piece, polish the details,

也可以是一個你創造出來的人。

and then polish the overall performance of the composition.

接下來你得決定怎麼表現這個角色？

And another thing that I enjoy doing is drawing.

像是要用一頁來畫這個角色嗎？

Drawing, because I like to draw, you know, Japanese anime art.

要用電腦繪圖軟體來畫嗎？

I think that's a craze among teens right now.

還是要像漫畫書一樣，用二頁的跨頁手法，

And once I realized it,

來表現出更雄偉的效果？

there's a parallel between creating music and creating art,

然後，你就得把該角色的雛型畫出來，

because for your motive, or your little initial idea for your drawing,

就像是樂曲的架構一樣，

it's your character -- you want to decide who you want to draw,

最後再用筆或鉛筆描繪一下，增加細節的描寫，

or if you want to draw an original character.

這就是畫作的琢磨工作。

And then you want to decide: How are you going to draw the character?

這二者間還有一個共通點，

Like, am I going to use one page? Am I going to draw it on the computer?

就是創作者的心態，因為我不是--

Am I going to use a two-page spread like a comic book?

我還是個青少年，所以很容易分心，

For a more grandiose effect, I guess.

如果我不想做功課，

And then you have to do the initial sketch of the character,

如果我沒什麼興趣做功課，

which is like your structure of a piece,

我就會畫圖來打發時間。

and then you add pen and pencil, and whatever details that you need --

有時我會發現，我根本畫不出來，

that's polishing the drawing.

或我根本無法作曲，

And another thing that both of these have in common is your state of mind,

就好像腦子裡塞了太多東西一樣，

because I know I'm one of those teenagers that are really easily distracted.

無法專心在自己想要做的事情上。

So if I'm trying to do homework and I don't feel like it,

有時候，當我想要好好利用時間來創作，

I'll try to draw or, you know, waste my time.

就會有好的作品產出，但那可不是憑空得來的。

And then what happens is, sometimes I absolutely can't draw

如果有奇蹟的話，

or I can't compose at all,

某些靈感就會自動跳出來，

and then it's like there's too much on your mind.

我就可以立刻創造出美好的作品，

You can't focus on what you're supposed to do.

我覺得那就是流暢的感覺，

And sometimes, if you manage to use your time wisely and work on it,

每一個東西都到位了，可以順利創造出作品。

you'll get something out of it, but it doesn't come naturally.

你會覺得自己掌握了一切，

What happens is, if something magical happens,

你可以隨心所欲做任何事。

if something natural happens to you,

今天我不想彈我的創作樂曲，

you're able to produce all this beautiful stuff instantly,

雖然我已經完成了，但還差得遠了。

and then that's what I consider "flow,"

但我今天想嚐試即興創作，

because that's when everything clicks and you're able to do anything.

我這裡有七張音符卡片，

You feel like you're on top of your game and you can do anything you want.

每一張卡片上都有每個音符的英文字母，

I'm not going to play my own composition today because,

我想請一位來賓上來選出五張卡。

although I did finish it, it's way too long.

有沒有要上來選五張卡？

Instead, I'd like to try something called "improvisation."

我會以選出來的五張卡編寫出旋律，即興彈奏。

I have here seven note cards,

哇，有人自願耶！

one with each note of the musical alphabet.

(掌聲)

And I'd like someone to come up here and choose five --

很高興認識你。

anyone to come up here and choose five --

歌蒂韓：謝謝，選五張嗎？

and then I can make it into some sort of melody,

珍妮佛．林：對，五張卡，隨便五張。

and I'll improvise it.

歌蒂韓：好，一，二，三...

Wow. A volunteer, yay!

噢，D和F，我太常用這二個字母了。

(Laughter)

(笑聲)

(Applause)

珍妮佛．林：再一張。

Jennifer Lin: Nice to meet you.

歌蒂韓：好，就選努力的E吧！(Effort:努力)

Goldie Hawn: Thank you. Choose five?

珍妮佛．林：請你把這幾個英文字母唸出來。

JL: Yes, five cards. Any five cards.

歌蒂韓：好，C-G-B-A-E。

GH: OK, one. JL: OK.

珍妮佛．林：非常謝謝你。

GH: Two. JL: Yes.

歌蒂韓：不客氣，那這些怎麼辦？

GH: Three.

珍妮佛．林：這些就用不到了，謝謝！

GH: Oh, D and F -- too familiar.

(掌聲)

(Laughter)

好，她選了C-G-B-A-E，

JL: One more. GH: OK. "E" for "effort."

我要來把這些稍微排列組合一下，

JL: Would you mind reading them out in the order that you chose them?

好，這樣很棒！

GH: OK -- C, G, B, A and E.

接下來，我要用一點時間來思考，

JL: Thank you very much!

用這幾個音符來創作一首即興演奏曲。

GH: You're welcome. And what about these?

(掌聲)

JL: I won't use them. Thank you!

接下來，就是安可曲，我要演奏

(Applause)

傑克．菲那所作的「瘋狂爵士(Bumble Boogie)」。

Now, she chose C, G, B, A, E.

(掌聲)

I'm going to try to put that in some sort of order.

(掌聲)

(Plays notes)

OK, that's nice.

So, I'm going to have a moment to think,

and I'll try to make something out of it.

(Plays the five notes)

(Music)

(Music ends)

(Applause)

The next song, or the encore that I'm going to play

is called "Bumble Boogie," by Jack Fina.

(Applause)

(Music)

(Music ends)

(Applause)