we get asked and give our answers.

我們得回答這些問題並提出自己的見解

One that's come up for a long time is: as we make the world healthier, is the population going to get so big that feeding everybody and maintaining the environment is going to be impossible?

這是存在已久的問題：當我們將這世界變得更健康之後

Here we can see a chart that looks at the total world population over the last several hundred years, and at first glance this is a bit scary.

人口的增長是否將會過剩，進而導致全球的糧食問題，

We go from less than a billion in 1800, and then 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7.4 billion where

且環境也將會更難以維持穩定？

we are today is happening even faster.

現在有張圖表顯示出全世界的總人口數

So, Melinda and I wondered whether providing new medicines and keeping children

並記錄著過往數百年的人口，乍看之下非常驚人

alive, would that create more of a population problem?

從 1800 年不到 10 億人口，擴張到 30, 40, 50, 60 甚至是 74 億

What we found out is that as health improve, families choose to have less children

時至今日，人口成長更加快速

and this effect is very, very dramatic.

梅琳達和我懷疑如果研發新藥品，確保孩童身體健康

We find that in every country of the world, this is repeated.

是否反而會導致人口問題？

The population growth goes down as we improve health.

我們發現當醫療環境進步後，每個家庭都想要減少生育

So, we've taken that chart that shows the global population growth

而這種效應十分影響十分劇烈

and we've actually extended it out all the way to 2100.

我們發現世界各地都可以看到相同情形

And we can see that instead of continuing, it actually flattens out .

當我們改善醫療後人口成長會下降

Another way to see that is through this rate of population growth.

所以，這圖表顯示了全球的人口成長

And you can see that in the 60s that reached a pretty high number,

人口一路直線成長至 2100 年

over 2% per year, and it's now come way, way down.

圖表顯示人口不再成長，反而逐漸平緩

Now, 11 billion people is still a lot, but the good news is that the faster we improve

另一個曲線代表人口成長率

health, the faster family size goes down.

圖表顯示 1960 年代達到一個高峰

And so, we can feel great about saving those lives.

每年超過 2% ，接著就直線下滑