I spent two years of my life

我花了兩年的人生

building the user experience team

建立了使用者經驗團隊

for the Google X division of Google,

屬於 Google 的 Google X 部門

and it's a place I affectionately call

這個地方，被我多情的稱為

the Department of Science Fiction

科幻部門

because of the futuristic nature

因為我們接手的案子

of the types of projects we took on:

都是一些未來科技：

self-driving cars,

自動駕駛的汽車、

Google Glass,

Google 眼鏡、

and other things that you'll see soon enough.

還有其他你們很快就會見到的東西

So, for those who haven't heard of this project,

如果有人沒聽過這個專案

this is what Google Glass looks like.

這就是 Google 眼鏡的樣子

It allows you to overlay digital things into your eye sight

它把一層數位資訊 加在你的視覺影像上

while still maintaining being part of the world.

同時讓你繼續保持現實世界

So, if I, you know, were to pull out my cell phone

如果我拿出手機

and look into it, I'm basically out of this world now,

看著它，基本上我就不在這世界了

like, I'm in my own little cell phone-tablet world, what have you.

應該說，我就置身在手機的世界了

But, Google Glass has the vision of allowing us

但是 Google 眼鏡的理念是

to continue to be in the world

讓我們置身世界的同時

but also have access to the digital things that we need and love.

也能得到我們需要和喜愛的數位資訊

Now, I am going to ask you a real simple question about Google Glass:

關於 Google 眼鏡 我要問你們一個很簡單的問題：

how would you prototype this experience?

要如何設計出這種經驗？

How long do you think it would take you

你覺得要花多少時間

to make the first working version of the headset display?

才能做出頭戴式顯示器的 第一個可用版本？

Okay, a little bit on the long side.

好，有點久

The answer is one day.

答案是：一天

And here's what it looked like.

它看起來是這樣

So, basically the magic piece is the coat hanger.

基本上，其中最奇妙的部份是衣架 (原型法則一：找最快能體驗的方法)

The coat hanger, I bent it in a specific shape

我把它折彎成特殊的形狀 (原型法則一：找最快能體驗的方法)

and the top loop goes around your neck

讓上面的勾勾繞過你的脖子

and then the bottom loop rests against your chest

下面的勾勾靠在你的胸口

and it allows me to carry a piece of plexiglass

這讓我可以帶著一塊壓克力板

on with a little sheet protector.

和一個透明資料袋

So these are the things you put your book reports in

就是你用來裝讀書報告

so they don't get wet,

讓報告不會弄濕的東西

I literally got at the drug store.

我其實是在雜貨店買的

You know, have it out at the end of the plexiglass

把資料袋裝在壓克力板的末端

and then it gets projected onto with the pico projector

微型投影機就會投影在上面

that's connected to a Netbook.

畫面則來自小筆電

And using this set-up, within one day

用這個原型，不到一天

we're already able to start having the experience

我們就已經可以開始體驗

of what it looks like to have digital things

將數位資訊

overlaid on your physical world,

疊影到真實世界的感覺

be able to move around with it,

可以戴著四處跑

and also use the Netbook to try out

然後用小筆電

tons and tons of different ideas around software.

大量試驗關於軟體的各種想法

Now, after you start getting something like that working,

當你得到這樣一個原型後

you know, a really important problem comes up,

一個非常重要的問題出現了

like you're wearing this thing on your head,

想像你把這東西戴在頭上

it's like a pair of glasses,

它就像一副眼鏡

so you don't have a mouse or a keyboard or a touchscreen,

沒有滑鼠、鍵盤、或觸控螢幕

all the ways you are used to interacting with a machine.

這些你原本用來跟機器互動的工具

So, we thought for a second,

所以，我們想了一下

well, maybe we could do something

好吧，也許我們可以做出

like, you know, what was shown in Minority Report.

像《關鍵報告》裡的東西

So, for folks who haven't seen that,

如果有人沒看過這部電影

basically Tom Cruise is manipulating software

基本上就是湯姆克魯斯

with his hands in front of his face

用手在面前揮動

and photos are flying over here

照片就飛過來、

and his email is over here

信件就飛過去

and so on and so forth.

之類的

So I'll ask the the same question again,

所以我想再問一次同樣的問題：

how long do you think it would take

你們覺得要多久

to have the real experience of doing something like that?

才能真正體驗到像這樣的東西？

Two years, OK.

兩年，嗯

Somebody said one day.

有人說一天

45 minutes.

45 分鐘

So here's how it looks.

它像這樣

So you wear the thing that we saw that first time

因為我們要能投影東西

because you need some way to go project things,

所以你會戴著，我們剛看到的東西

but what happens is we got two hairbands,

不同的是多了兩個髮圈

which I think was the hardest part we had to do,

我認為最困難的部分

ask people for their hairbands.

是叫人把髮圈交出來

But you put one hand in each hairband

現在你雙手各套一個髮圈

and attach that hairband,

我們在髮箍上

we tied a fishing line.

綁了一條釣魚線

And the fishing line goes over the top of a whiteboard

釣魚線從上面繞過白板

and then goes down to this little assembly

往下接到右邊這個黏在地板上

that's taped to the floor.

的小裝置

And what this means is

這表示

every time I move my hand in any direction,

手往任何方向移動

it adds tension to the line

都會增加釣魚線的張力

and it does the following with the assembly on the floor.

地上的裝置就會發生以下的事

So, the other end of the fishing wire is attached to a chopstick

釣魚線的另一端，綁在一根筷子上

and it's not because I'm Asian,

這不是因為我是亞洲人

there's just a cafeteria nearby,

是因為旁邊剛好有自助餐廳

I don't just carry chopsticks on me.

我並沒有隨身帶著筷子

But, I tied it to the end of a chopstick,

接著我把線接在筷子的一端

I clipped it into a binder clip,

用長尾夾把筷子夾住

and then put it over a pen,

然後拿筆穿過長尾夾的尾巴

and basically what happens then

接下來基本上就是

is when you move your arm

當你移動手臂的時候

and it produces tension on the wire,

釣魚線的張力增加

the chopstick comes down like a lever

筷子另一端，就會像槓桿往下

and clicks a presentation clicker,

按下遙控器

one hand moves the presentation forward,

一隻手代表下一張

the other hand moves the presentation backwards.

另一隻手代表上一張

So this was built in 45 minutes

這在 45 分鐘內就做好了

and that meant shortly afterwards,

意思是不用多久

we were having experiences

我們就可以體驗那種感覺

like looking at an image gallery

像是在看電子相簿

and saying, "next image,

然後說：「下一張、

next image,

下一張、

previous image,"

上一張」

or looking at our emails and saying,

或是收電子郵件，然後說：

"let me click into this email,

「我要看這封信，

let me click reply now."

我要回信」

And this was exactly the experience of what it was like

這就是用手來

to go control software with your hands.

控制軟體的感覺

And ultimately, what it taught us is

最後我們體會到

we probably shouldn't have this in the product.

我們可能不該在產品中 使用這種裝置

We learned a lot of things

我們學到許多事情

about the social awkwardness of it

一些它帶來的社交的尷尬、

and some of the ergonomic aspects of it

以及它的人體工學

that you couldn't have figured out

這些是單靠想像

ahead of just thinking about it.

沒辦法體會到的

And, ergo the second prototyping rule,

因此，原型設計的第二法則是：

which is "doing is the best kind of thinking."

「動手做是最好的思考」

They teach you to think a lot in school,

老師要你們常常思考

but I think it is a little bit overrated.

但我覺得思考有點被高估了

Now last example, you know,

在上一個例子裡

actually Google is not the first team

Google 其實不是第一個

that's tried to go make something like this

嘗試要做出這種東西的團隊

and if you search for headset display,

如果搜尋「頭戴式顯示器」

you get tons of images of teams

你會找到很多團隊的圖片

that have built various systems like this,

他們做過許多類似的裝置

but I can tell you at a glance

不過我可以告訴你，只要看一眼

that none of these pieces of hardware

你就會發現沒有一種

are comfortable to wear for more than 15 minutes

舒服到可以戴超過十五分鐘

except for maybe the helmet over there,

左上角的飛行頭盔例外

but then you got to wear a helmet.

不過你就要戴著頭盔到處跑

So, you know, how would you go figure out a way

你要怎樣想辦法

to go wear something like this comfortably?

讓這種東西戴起來很舒服？

The answer is really basic materials:

答案在於很基本的材料：

modeling wire,

鐵絲模型、 (法則三：容易調整的材料可加速學習)

paper,

紙、 (法則三：容易調整的材料可加速學習)

clay,

黏土 (法則三：容易調整的材料可加速學習)

and using something like this

用這類的東西 (法則三：容易調整的材料可加速學習)

is able to make something look like a pair of glasses really quickly.

可以很快做出像眼鏡的東西

I cut out pieces of clay that weighed

我切一小塊黏土

exactly the same amount as the electronic components

讓重量等於

that we were talking about putting on the device,

所需的電子零件重量

wrapped it in paper so you didn't get clay on your face,

用紙包起來，黏土才不會沾到臉

and then taped it to the modeling wire in various places

再用膠帶貼在鐵絲模型的各個地方

to go experiment with how a pair of glasses could fit on you.

實驗看看怎樣才能讓這副眼鏡 戴起來舒服

And, we discovered something really important then.

我們發現了一件重要的事

Like, if you look at this drawing on the bottom,

如果你看下方的那個圖

it turns out that the weight of a pair of glasses

眼鏡讓人感受到的重量

is actually mostly perceived

實際上主要取決於

through how much weight is on your nose.

鼻子上的重量

And, it also turns out that your ears can carry

另一結果是，耳朵能承受的重量

a lot more weight than your nose,

遠比鼻子多

and that is a totally different experiment,

這是另一個完全不同的實驗

you can ask me about that.

想知道可以問我

But, because of that fact,

不過，基於這個事實

if you put weight behind your ears,

如果你把重量置於耳朵後方

it allows your ear to go act like the fulcrum of a lever

耳朵就會像是槓桿的支點

and it then takes weight off of your nose on the front.

可減輕前面鼻子上的重量

And, actually, you can try this now, anybody with glasses,

現場戴眼鏡的人，現在就可以試試

if you push very gently on the back of your glasses,

如果輕壓眼鏡後端

you'll find, actually your glasses feel tremendously lighter.

你會發現，眼鏡變輕了很多

Now, this meant that we not only discovered

這表示，我們不只發現了

something interesting about how to go,

有趣的解決方法

you know, that's useful for developing a device like this,

對發展這類裝置是很有用的

we actually discovered something pretty fundamental

我們實際上還發現了眼鏡的一些

that never been discovered about glasses, period.

很基本、但還沒被發現的原理

So, if you have really heavy glasses,

所以，如果你有副很重的眼鏡

you could do this and you would be more comfortable.

這麼做你就會覺得舒服多了

Now, the last point I want to make is

最後一點我想講的是

about two types of learning

關於兩種學習法

because through the process of rapid prototyping,

因為透過快速原型設計的過程

you are able to learn very quickly.

你可以學得很快

It's a very specific type of learning.

這是一種很特別的學習法

The type of learning that you usually learn in school

平常在學校的那種學習方法

I call book learning.

我稱之為「書本式學習法」

It comes from what humanity already knows

源自於人類已知的知識

and it's a necessary foundation for you guys to go and explore the world.

也是探索世界必要的基石

But there is a totally different type of learning,

但還有一種完全不同的學習法

which I call expansive learning,

我稱之為「擴展式學習法」

and this is the learning you do on behalf of humanity.

用這方法，你是代表人類學習

Right?

對吧？

You are creating something new,

你在創造新東西

you are expanding into the possibilities,

你在擴展人類的可能性

and you're building the sphere of human knowledge in that process.

過程中，你擴大了人類知識的圈圈

And, we think about these things and as soon as you hear

當你聽到一些像是

like, ok, the infinite realm of possibilities

無限的可能性

beyond the sphere of human knowledge,

超越人類知識的範圍

you might be thinking there's the scientists

你可能會想到科學家

at the Large Hadron Collider

在用大型強子對撞機

who have these amazing instruments,

他們擁有神奇的儀器

like that's their job, right?

探索未知是他們的事，對吧？

But the truth is that this action is available to all of us,

但事實是，這件事我們都能做

you know,

你知道的

it's not just for the scientists,

不只是科學家而已，

it's also for the poet or the songwriter

也可能是詩人和作曲家

that expresses an emotion for the first time in a unique way.

首次用獨特方法，詮釋一種感情

It's also for the person that has an amazing business idea

也可能是生意頭腦很棒的人

that they're certain could help millions of lives.

可幫助上百萬人改善生活

And, it's the realm of using paper, clay, and tape

靠紙張、黏土、膠帶這些工具

in order to go find a new insight

才能在舊的科技中

in an ancient technology.

發現新的思維

So now that you know a lot about rapid prototyping,

你現在已經知道許多 快速原型設計的概念

I'm excited to see what you do with it.

我很期待你們應用的成果

Thank you.

謝謝你們