That's what the real meaning of science is.

這就是科學真正的定義

Gaining the ability to predict the next, most probable.

有能力去預測接下來最有可能發生的事

When we talk about science, we're talking about a method of looking at a situation,

當我們談論科學時 我們是在談論觀察狀況的一種方法

a method of evaluation that differs from the opinionated system.

一種評估的方法 與根據意見的系統不同

"If you ask me, I'll tell you!"

"如果你問我 我才會告訴你!"

The scientific method has no special connection to truth.

若是這樣 科學方法就與事實沒有特殊關連

It really has a better way

比起更早期的系統

of looking at things than the earlier systems,

它確實有更好的方式去觀察事物

which everything was attributed to gods or demons.

而在早期每樣東西都被歸因於神或惡魔

This is where we get into applying the scientific method to society?

這就是我們要把科學方法應用至社會的地方嗎?

Yes.

是的

Now, this is not in the book yet.

但這不是現在大多數人的觀念

The scientific method applied to society is something people don't think about much,

將科學方法應用至社會上 不是人們會去深思的東西

but if you want to know where the answers may lie. It is in the application

但如果你想知道答案可能在哪裡 那會是應用一種

of the methods of science with human concern and environmental concern.

考慮了人類和環境因素的科學方法

The Future by Design refers to the application of the methods of science, not scientists,

"設計未來"提到的是科學方法的應用 而不是科學家

the methods of science for the social system.

將科學方法用於社會體系

Naturally, even the methods of science undergo change,

自然而言 即使是科學方法也會經歷改變

and as they change, so would the future.

當方法改變時 未來也會改變

If we use the scientific method throughout the world, the probability of war drops to zero,

如果我們在全世界運用科學方法 戰爭的可能性會降低至零

the probability of human suffering disappears.

人類遭受苦難的可能性會消失

Deprivation, poverty, crime, all those things tend to disappear, because there's no basis for it.

剝奪 貧窮 犯罪 所有這些東西有可能消失 因為它們失去了存在的基礎

Jacque spent a lot of time, before studying people,

在研究人類之前 雅克花了大量時間

he started studying how animals behaved,

開始研究動物行為

and how to change the behavior of animals, or predict the behavior of animals,

以及如何改變動物行為 或預測動物行為

and came to the conclusion that it's really the environment

並達成結論 即環境確實

that changes behavior, and enables us to behave the way we do.

改變了行為 讓我們能夠以自己的方式去行為

We're not born with prejudice and bigotry and anger and greed.

我們並不是生來就帶有偏見 偏執 憤怒 貪婪

It's really generated and nurtured by the environment that we live in.

這些東西確實是由我們所居住的環境引起的

That's why we feel that unless you change your environment and change the experiences,

這就是為何我們覺得 除非改變環境和經驗

we'll get the same aberrant behavior within people. Unless the environment is changed.

否則這些異常行為將一直伴隨人類 除非改變環境

Any culture in the world today

今日世上的任何文化

tries to educate people so they'll serve a function in that particular culture.

試圖去教育人們 讓人們為該特定文化的運作服務

In other words, if you're brought up in a Nazi culture,

換句話說 如果你在納粹文化中長大的

the flag waving and the swastika are the kind of things they put forth.

揮舞旗幟和納粹黨徽會是他們推動的東西

If you're brought up in a primitive tribe, handling the javelin, the bow and arrow

如果你在原始部落中長大 操作標槍和弓箭

would be the kind of thing that you're exposed to.

會是你耳濡目染的東西

So people are conditioned to serve the interest of an established culture.

也就是人們受制約去服務既建文化的利益

Who does that to us? The owners of the institutions.

誰對我們做這些? 是體制的擁有者

The establishment.

即既建體制

So, they give us a value system that will support existing structures.

這些人給我們一套價值系統 去支持現存的結構

Whether it be religious, non-religious, industrial, military.

無論是宗教 非宗教 企業 或軍事的

When children say, "You know, daddy, what's the greatest country in the world?"

當孩子們說:"爸爸 世界上最偉大的國家是哪個?"

"Of course our country is the greatest country in the world."

"我們的國家當然是世上最偉大的"

"Which god is the right god, daddy?"

"爸爸 哪一位神是正確的?"

"Our god. All the other gods are false gods."

"我們的神正確 所有其它神都是錯的"

So picture this: A roman family taking it's kids to see the Christians being fed to the lions.

所以想像一下: 一個羅馬家庭帶孩子去觀看基督徒被餵給獅子

And the kids are watching; "Dad, can we come next week to see Christians being fed to lions?"

然後孩子們邊看邊問:"爸爸 我們下禮拜能再看基督徒餵獅秀嗎?"

Are these kids sick? No. Their value system is distorted.

這些孩子們喪心病狂? 不 他們的價值系統是扭曲的

So, I'm strictly concerned with the environment that people are reared in, raised in.

所以我特別關心人們被養育和扶養的環境

And, if that environment is altered, so will behavior be altered.

如果環境改變了 行為也會隨之改變

You re-orient the environment, and that in turn re-orients people.

你重新定位環境 這也會相對重新定位人們

But if you re-orient people, without touching the environment, it'll slip back.

但如果你只是重新定位人們 而未觸及環境 仍然會後退不前

So, when you try to think about the future, remember this:

所以當你試著思考未來時 記住這點:

the process with which you think about things is based upon indoctrination,

你思考事物的過程是基於觀念灌輸

which you're given by your society. So your range of thought

是由你的社會所賦予 所以你的思考範圍

is limited by the dominant values of your society.

受到社會主流價值觀的限制

So, learning to be flexible in values takes a long time.

因此學習具備彈性的價值觀要花上很久時間

And in talking to kids, when I was very young, I had to be very patient with them

當我非常年輕 去和孩子們談話時 如果我想取得任何進展

if I were to make any progress. I talked about the concept of God.

我就必須非常有耐心 例如我談論關於神的概念

Your concept of God, my concept of God and his concept of God. So different.

你我他對於神的概念是如此的不同

I wonder what God is really like, or if there is a god for that matter.

我對神的樣子感到好奇 如果真有神的話

And why would God permit war and disease if he's all-loving?

如果神愛世人 祂為何會允許戰爭和疾病的發生?

It didn't make sense to me. Too many clashes. So, I questioned that.

有神論有太多的矛盾 對我來說不合理 所以我質疑這點

Of course I felt a little uncomfortable during questioning the concept of God.

當然 在質疑神的概念這段期間 我感到有點不舒服

But then reading about the history and evolution of gods... There were many different gods.

但我讀了關於神的歷史和演進... 有太多不同的神

The god of war, the god of peace, the god of love,

戰爭之神 和平之神 愛之神等

which was more like the people that invented them.

這些神更像是創造祂們的人類

They behaved, they got angry, they made sacrifices,

神有行為 會生氣 需要祭品

they created floods when they didn't like the way things were going,

當神明們不喜歡事物進行的方式時 祂們創造洪水

and this did not come through a superior intelligence.

這些不像是更高等的智慧體會做的事

Primitive people, going back in time, when they saw lightning,

當過去的原始人看到閃電時

they thought that the deity was angry.

他們認為神明在發怒

Why else would that occur?

否則為何會發生呢?

When a hurricane swept the land, they got rid of certain people in their tribe

當颶風橫掃陸地時 他們把部落中的某些人

as a sacrifice, hoping that the gods would not produce a second hurricane.

作為祭品 希望神明不會帶來第二次的颶風

However, if it did occur again, then they'd sacrifice some of the younger people.

然而如果還是再發生 那麼他們就會犧牲一些更年輕的人

Rarely would the chief sacrifice himself.

但祭師鮮少犧牲自己

But he's always got a whole line of people ready to sacrifice.

但他總是有一堆其它人準備去犧牲

So, you have that problem with human beings.

所以你看到人類有這個問題

Anything that occurs beyond their comprehension,

對任何超越理解範圍的東西

they have to invent an excuse for. They have to create gods and demons

人類必須創造一個藉口 必須創造神和魔鬼

to account for things, because people come to the leadership of that community.

來解釋事物 因為人們會訴諸於該社群的領導者

No matter how primitive the tribe, they say:

不論部落有多原始 他們會說:

"How come bad wind blow people off island?"

"惡風怎麼會把人從島上捲走?"

And say*: "You not behave good. You not make not 'nough contribution to volcano.

然後也會說:"你行為不檢點 你未對火山獻上足夠的進貢

Throw your brother-in-law into volcano. Maybe it doesn't erupt then."

把你的妹夫丟進火山裡 或許就不會再噴發了"

So if you throw your brother-in-law into the volcano and it still erupts,

所以如果你把妹夫丟進火山裡 但仍繼續噴發時

you have to throw your sister-in-law in. So you get metaphysics.

你就必須再把你的弟媳丟進火山裡 這就是形而上學

You get religion. You get superstition. "Knock wood!"

你會有宗教 迷信 "敲木頭"(在西方代表祈求好運)

Or you wear a rabbits foot. Just remember that the rabbit had four of them...

或你穿戴兔腳(代表幸運符號) 只是不要忘了兔子有四隻腳...

Didn't do him any good.

但這並沒有給牠們帶來好運（腳會被人類剁掉）

So, on down the line, superstition prevails wherever ignorance prevails.

所以一句話 迷信盛行之處也是無知瀰漫之處

Myth is a way of saying to the little guy working out there in the field

神話是一種對井底之蛙說話的方式

when he says: "What is all this about? I never seem to be getting anywhere."

當他說:"這一切是怎樣? 我似乎從未有頭緒"

"When you kick the bucket, everything is there for you.

"當你死亡時 每樣東西就會在那裡等你用

If you don't get it in this life, you'll get it in the next, if you remain good."

如果你未在今世得到它 你會在來世得到 如果你保持善良的話"

The amount of superstition that a culture can absorb would be directly proportionate

一種文明能在多大程度上消除迷信 將會直接

to the amount of information people have.

與人們擁有的資訊成正比

So, in the future, with adequate supply of information,

所以 隨著未來資訊的充份提供

more than that which is given today, considerably more,

比今日的資訊還更多

you don't have "Knock wood. Today is my lucky day. When your number is up, it's up."

你就不會再 "敲木頭吧 今天是我的幸運日 當你的數目上升時 運氣也會上升"

All that will disappear in the future.

所有這些在未來都會消失