字幕列表 影片播放 列印英文字幕 Hi. Else Grech here. Today, we're going to be talking about financial statements. What is accounting? Accounting is an information system that identifies and records an organization's transactions and then communicates them to a wide variety of interested users. A knowledge of accounting is relevant and useful in whatever career you decide to pursue, be it marketing or financial analyst. Every position requires some knowledge of accounting or an understanding of how your actions in your position will affect the business overall, both their profitability and their progress as they move forward. You must be able to analyze the information from the past, so you can adjust what you do in the future to ensure the company you own or work for is profitable. You need accounting information to make informed decisions about how to move forward. So just who are the users of financial information and what information do they need to make decisions? Users of accounting information are individuals who have questions about an organization. And they need information to find answers and make smart decisions. They analyze what happened in the past in order to predict what may happen in the future. To do that, they need detailed accounting information on a timely basis. There are really two types of users of accounting information, internal and external users. Internal users plan, organize, and run businesses. They ask questions such as, what price should we charge for our product or service? Should we expand on global markets or not? What products are profitable and which should be discontinued? Internal users have access to a large amount of information. And they will not be a focus of this course. External users are outside of an organization. They depend on financial statements in order to make informed decisions. Investors, lenders, and other creditors are the key external users of accounting information. They make resource allocation decisions. That means that their decisions generally involve the giving up or receiving of cash, goods, or services. So what questions do the main external users have? Well, an investor might ask if a business is profitable enough to give them a return on their investment. A lender might ask if a business will be able to repay a loan plus interest, when the loan comes due. And other creditors might ask if the bills a company has outstanding will be paid in the future. There are other external users that might also have questions. Employees and labor unions want to know if they will receive higher wages or better benefits. Customers are interested in whether a business will honor their warranties in the future. Tax agencies, like Revenue Canada, want to know if an organization is paying appropriate taxes. Regulatory agencies, like the Securities Exchange Commission, want to know if an organization is in compliance with their rules. And finally, financial analysts want to know if a company is one that they want to recommend to their clients. But the key external users of accounting information are still investors, lenders, and other creditors. This is because they are the users who make decisions about resources. It's important to check your understanding. And the best way to do that is to test yourself. Periodically, you're going to see multiple choice questions. I recommend that you pause the video and answer the questions yourself, before you check to see if you got it right. Determining if a company can pay its obligations as they come due is the primary objective of which of the following users? The primary objective of investors, competitors, and labor unions is not whether a company can pay its bills when they come due. Yes, those external users are concerned about that. But it's not their primary concern. Creditors, also called lenders, have a primary objective, and that is whether the company is able to pay their bills as they come due. What about ethics and accounting information? In order for accounting information to be useful, it must represent the actual economic activity of an organization, what we call the underlying truth. Preparers of accounting information have extensive rules of conduct to guide what they report, when they report it, and how they present it to interested users. Without ethics in accounting, the information produced by accounting information systems would be useless for decision making. Following incorrect information would result in not only possibly a financial crisis, but also reduced confidence in the information provided by accounting systems. Ethics in accounting is critical to the health of a business and also financial markets. And it's a key focus when preparing accounting information. In the next video, we'll be talking about the three main types of organizations and the main activities that businesses engage in.
A2 初級 美國腔 財務報表----第一講----用途和用戶 (Financial Statements - Lecture 1 - Uses and Users) 10 3 陳虹如 發佈於 2021 年 01 月 14 日 更多分享 分享 收藏 回報 影片單字