Name: 【TED】丹尼斯．赫岑 (Denise Herzing) - 人類可以說海豚語嗎？ (Could we speak the language of dolphins? | Denise Herzing)
Uploaded: 2013-06-30T13:53:55.000Z
Duration: 14 min 39 s

Well, now we're going to the Bahamas to meet

現在要請大家和我一起到巴哈馬

a remarkable group of dolphins that I've been working with

Now I'm interested in dolphins because of their large brains

我對海豚十分感興趣因為牠們的腦子大

and what they might be doing with all that brainpower

And we know they use some of that brainpower

我們知道海豚應用某部份的智能

but what do we really know about dolphin intelligence?

但對海豚的智力 我們到底知道多少？

我們知道 如果用身體的質量衡量智力

which is a physical measure of intelligence,

And they pass self-awareness tests in mirrors.

And in some parts of the world, they use tools,

如果有，那牠們都在說些什麼呢？

所以幾十年前，不是幾年前而已

where I could observe dolphins underwater

to try to crack the code of their communication system.

Now in most parts of the world, the water's pretty murky,

so it's very hard to observe animals underwater,

因此要想在水底下觀察動物比登天還難

but I found a community of dolphins that live

in these beautiful, clear, shallow sandbanks of the Bahamas

居住在這片美麗潔淨的巴哈馬沙灘

And they spend their daytime resting and socializing

白天時海豚在安全無虞的淺水區

in the safety of the shallows, but at night,

they go off the edge and hunt in deep water.

但到了晚上，他們會離開邊界到深水區狩獵

Now, it's not a bad place to be a researcher, either.

So we go out for about five months every summer

in a 20-meter catamaran, and we live, sleep and work

在 20 米長的雙體船上生活、睡覺、工作

My main tool is an underwater video with a hydrophone,

主要工具是備有水聽器的水下攝影機

which is an underwater microphone, and this is so

讓我找出牠們聲音和行為的關聯

And most of our work's pretty non-invasive.

大部分的研究作業不會造成任何傷害

We try to follow dolphin etiquette while we're in the water,

since we're actually observing them physically in the water.

因為我們只需要在水裡實際觀察就好

Now, Atlantic spotted dolphins are a really nice species

They're born without spots, and they get spots with age,

因為牠們出生時沒有斑點斑點隨著年歲增長而出現

and they go through pretty distinct developmental phases,

而且牠們有明顯不同的成長階段

因此觀察牠們的行為變得十分有趣

And by about the age of 15, they're fully spotted black and white.

在 15 歲的時候 牠們身上會布滿黑白斑點

現在你看到的這位海豚媽媽叫瑪格西

but dolphins can actually live into their early 50s.

And like all the dolphins in our community,

we photographed Mugsy and tracked her little spots

我們拍照紀錄追蹤瑪格西身上的斑點

Now, young dolphins learn a lot as they're growing up,

and they use their teenage years to practice social skills,

牠們在青少年時期磨練社交技巧

and at about the age of nine, the females

9 歲上下，母海豚性機能發育成熟

become sexually mature, so they can get pregnant,

and so we have to determine who the fathers are,

so we do paternity tests by collecting fecal material

and hear sounds 10 times as high as we do.

But they have other communication signals they use.

They have good vision, so they use body postures to communicate.

牠們的視力非常良好因此能用肢體語言來對話

And sound can actually be felt in the water,

because the acoustic impedance of tissue and water's about the same.

因為海豚身上的聲阻組織和水是一樣的

So dolphins can buzz and tickle each other at a distance.

所以在很遠的地方就能發出聲響傳給對方

Now, we do know some things about how sounds are used

that's specific to an individual dolphin, and it's like a name. (Dolphin whistling noises)

海豚都有各自的聲音就像每個人有自己的名字一樣

and you'd find this whistle when mothers and calves

Another well studied sound are echolocation clicks.

另一種較容易研究的是牠們進行回聲定位的聲音

This is the dolphin's sonar. (Dolphin echolocation noises)

這是海豚聲納（海豚進行回聲定位的聲音）

And they use these clicks to hunt and feed.

But they can also tightly pack these clicks together

For example, males will stimulate a female

會利用這些聲音訊號來追求母海豚

大家知道我已經在海裡發出訊號許久

And you can really feel the sound. That was my point with that.

我是說，真的會被那些聲音電到

字幕列表影片播放

【TED】丹尼斯．赫岑 (Denise Herzing) - 人類可以說海豚語嗎？ (Could we speak the language of dolphins? | Denise Herzing)

specific

sophisticated

basically

applause