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  • Half of the babies born this year will live to be a hundred.

    今年出生的孩子有一半可以活上百歲

  • Is this a temporary trend, or human kind 2.0?

    這是現代趨勢?還是人類 2.0?

  • According to legend, Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León landed in Florida in search

    傳說故事中,西班牙探險家 Juan Ponce de León 在佛羅里達登陸

  • of the Fountain of Youth.

    尋找青春之泉

  • Today, the closest thing we have is a water hazard on the seventeenth hole of a golf course

    至今,最接近的水源地可能是在

  • in Boca Raton.

    博卡拉頓的高爾夫球場中十七個洞穴裡

  • So we didn't find the Fountain of Youth, but we have managed to drastically extend the

    所以我們並沒有找到青春之泉,但我們設法

  • human lifespan over the last hundred years or so.

    延長人類壽命已經超過幾百年了

  • So how did we do that?

    要怎麼做呢?

  • Things like improvements in agriculture, or medical breakthroughs like a doctor saying

    像是農業的進步、或是醫生說的醫學突破

  • "Hmm, maybe I should wash my hands before I perform surgery."

    「嗯,或許我動手術前應該要洗手」

  • Now a special report from the Obvious News Network.

    現在有一則來自 Obvious News Network 的特別新聞

  • One way to increase your lifespan is to avoid getting sick.

    增加壽命的其中一個方法就是避免生病

  • In Okinawa, people often lived to the age of one hundred, so how do they do that?

    在沖繩,人們常常可以活到一百歲,他們是如何做到的呢?

  • It's through a combination of things such as a low calorie diet that's really rich in

    這結合了像是富含 omega 3 的低卡路里飲食、

  • omega 3s, lots of regular exercise, and good genes.

    規律的運動以及良好的基因

  • Right now, we can't really modify our genes that much, but we have the technology to analyze

    現在,我們無法大幅修改我們的基因,但我們有科技

  • our DNA through saliva samples, and determine if we're at risk for certain diseases - things

    可以透過唾液的樣本來分析我們的 DNA,然後得知我們是否有罹患一些疾病的風險

  • like Alzheimer's or diabetes or cancer.

    像是阿茲海默症、糖尿病或是癌症

  • But even if you're avoiding sickness, or treating anything you already had, you're still aging.

    但就算你避免生病或是治療了你已經有的疾病,你仍然在老化

  • You're still getting wrinkles, you're still shaking your fist at rowdy teenagers. Which

    你仍然會長皺紋,你仍然想對著吵鬧的年輕人揮拳,

  • raises the question,

    這讓我們不禁想問

  • "What exactly is aging anyway?"

    「老化到底是怎麼回事?」

  • Though aging is a complex process, one aspect is that every time your cells divide, little

    儘管老化是個複雜的過程,每一次的細胞分裂

  • DNA caps on the end of your chromosomes called telomeres get shorter.

    DNA 覆蓋在稱做端粒的染色體尾端會變短

  • And once they're gone, the cell dies.

    一旦他們不見了,細胞就會死亡

  • Scientists at Harvard recently genetically engineered mice to have a gene with an enzyme

    哈佛大學的科學家最近在執行基因遺傳工程,添加抵抗端粒變短的酶在老鼠基因裡

  • that reverses this shortening, and the mice essentially got younger!

    而老鼠看起來真的變更年輕了

  • It hasn't been tried yet on humans, but these short enzyme treatments might awaken sleeping

    這項實驗還沒有經過人體測試,但這些短酶治療或許可以喚醒沉睡的

  • stem cells, which repair tissues from the inside.

    修復幹細胞

  • Alright, so we're going to live healthier for a longer portion of our lives. That's

    好,所以我們要為了延長生命而活得更健康,不錯

  • great. But what if we want to actually make our lifespans longer?

    但假如我們想實質的延長我們的壽命呢?

  • One bet might be regenerative medicine. Surgeons in Sweden recently gave a man a trachea transplant.

    或許我們可以賭再生醫學,最近瑞典的外科醫生為一個人做氣管移植手術

  • They scanned his trachea, and then they built a new one using stem cells taken from his

    他們掃描病人的氣管,然後用從他骨髓取來的幹細胞

  • bone marrow.

    重建一個新氣管

  • That meant there was no donor, and almost no risk of his body rejecting the trachea.

    這表示沒有捐贈者,也幾乎沒有身體排斥新氣管的風險

  • Another option would be to print organs using a 3D bio printer. You know, like we talked

    另一個選擇可能就是用 3D 列印的器官,就如同前面我們

  • about back in episode three of this series.

    在這系列的第三集討論過的

  • As these things move closer and closer to reality, some hard questions come up.

    當這些東西越來越接近現實,就會有一些困難的問題出現

  • If people are born, but they don't die, where do we put them?

    如果人出生,然後他們都不死,我們要怎麼容納這些人?

  • And on a more existential level, if there is no aging, what does death mean?

    在生存的層面上,如果沒有老化,那死亡的意義是什麼?

  • We haven't found the Fountain of Youth, but maybe one day we will.

    我們還沒找到青春之泉,但或許有一天我們會找到

  • Then you have to ask yourself, am I going to jump in?

    那麼你就要自問,我要跳進去嗎?

  • Well, my response is,

    嗯,我的回答是

  • last one in is a grumpy old man.

    最後一個跳進去的會是一個脾氣暴躁的老人

Half of the babies born this year will live to be a hundred.

今年出生的孩子有一半可以活上百歲

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