字幕列表 影片播放 列印所有字幕 列印翻譯字幕 列印英文字幕 The following presentation is designed to give a basic overview of the tenets 以下介紹目的是對時代精神運動的原則 philosophy and goals of The Zeitgeist Movement. 哲學與目標做一個基本概述 This orientation has been extracted from the more expansive "Activist Orientation Guide" 這個介紹是從更為詳盡的"行動者入門導覽"中摘選 which is available for free PDF download at thezeitgeistmovement.com 在thezeitgeistmovement.com也可下載免費的PDF文檔 All source references for material in this video presentation can be found in that document. 這個影片中所有素材的參考資料來源 都可以在該文檔中找到 The Zeitgeist Movement - Activist Orientation www.thezeitgeistmovement.com [時代精神運動:行動者入門指南] www.thezeitgeistmovement.com www.thevenusproject.com www.thevenusproject.com The Zeitgeist movement is not a political movement. 時代精神運動不是一個政治運動 It does not recognize divisionary notions such as nations 它不認同那些引起分歧的觀念 如國家 governments, races, religions, creeds or class. 政府 種族 宗教 信仰 階級等 Rather, we see the world as one organism 相反地 我們把世界視為一個有機體系 with the human species as a singular family. 整個人類物種是一家人 Simultaneously, we acknowledge that we depend entirely on our environment, 同時我們認為人類完全依賴周圍的環境 not only in regard to the necessities of life such as food, air and water, 不僅關乎食物 空氣 水源等生活必需品 but also for influence and guidance in regard to life's processes. 還關乎對生命過程的影響和指導 We recognize and understand that aligning ourselves with natural processes 我們承認並理解 自身與自然過程的和諧 is the most progressive and productive disposition we can have. 是最先進 最具生產力之道 The Zeitgeist movement in fact, is the activist arm of The Venus Project 時代精神運動實際上是維納斯計劃行動者的分支 an organization which constitutes the lifelong work 維納斯計劃是由工業設計師 社會工程師 of industrial designer and social engineer Jacque Fresco. 雅克·法斯科先生建立的一個組織 Simply put, what The Venus Project represents 簡單來說 維納斯計劃 and what the Zeitgeist movement hence condones, could be summarized 和時代精神運動所支持的理念可概括為: as the application of the scientific method for social concern. 將科學方法應用在社會關注的問題上 One of the greatest discoveries of humankind 對於科學的理解以及應用 which has allowed for tremendous advancement in our abilities on this planet, 能夠讓我們以自身的能力 在這個星球上獲得重大進展 has been the understanding and application of science. 這正是人類最偉大的發現之一 Through the humane application of science and technology 通過將科學技術 人道地應用到 to social design and decision making 社會設計和決策方法 we have the means to transform our environment 我們有辦法轉變我們的環境 into something exceedingly more balanced 使其變得更加平衡 organized, humane, productive and most importantly, sustainable. 有組織 人道且具生產力 而且最重要的是 永續 As many are aware at this time, both our societal integrity 很多人都察覺到 現今我們的社會和生態完整性不容樂觀 and ecological integrity are in serious question. 現今我們的社會和生態完整性不容樂觀 The current economic system is falling apart at an accelerating rate 目前的經濟體系正在加速崩潰 with the prospect of worldwide unemployment and destabilization 伴隨著世界範圍內的失業和不穩定 occuring possibly on the largest scale ever seen. 其規模之大可能是空前的 Simultaneously, we are courting the point of no return 同時我們正處於逐漸不可逆轉的 in regard to the destruction of the environment. 環境破壞困境之中 Given the current state of affairs, many of which 鑒於現況 其中許多問題 will be addressed in the first part of this presentation 將放在本介紹的第一部分討論 the viewer should find that we not only need to move in another direction 觀眾們應該會發現 我們不只是需要另謀出路 we have to. 而是必須如此 In order to understand where we are and how we have gotten 為了理解我們目前的境地 以及我們如何 to this point in history, we need to address those societal attributes 從歷史走到這一步 我們需要找到那些極大地影響了 which have greatly affected our social conduct. 我們社會行為的社會屬性 The most important observation in this regard 其中最重要的發現 is our use of a monetary system. 是我們對金融貨幣體系的使用 In this section, we are going to address the mechanisms 在第一部分 我們將要談論世界金融貨幣體系的機制 of our world monetary system, pointing out the consequences 世界金融貨幣體系的機制 指出這種組織結構 this type of organizational structure has produced. 指出這種組織結構 已產生的種種惡果 These consequences include: 1. The Need for Cyclical Consumption 具體包括4個方面:1.循環消費的需要 denoting the economic requirement that products and services 即在經濟需求中 產品和服務必須被連續不斷地購買和售出 are perpetually bought and sold regardless of quality and waste. 被連續不斷地購買和售出 而不考慮品質和浪費 2. The Abundance of Scarcity 2.匱乏的盛行 denoting how resources, goods and services 即如何故意製造資源 產品 服務的匱乏 are deliberately made scarce to ensure profitability 以確保供需等式中的有利可圖 within the supply and demand equation. 以確保供需等式中的有利可圖 3. The Priority of Profit 3.利潤優先 denoting the vast corruption commonplace in the world 世界上屢見不鮮的大量腐敗 due to the need to generate income. 都源於需要獲得利潤 4. Fiscal Manipulation 4.財政操縱 denoting how the central banking systems of the world 即世界上的中央銀行體系 work to control the economy for the benefit of their corporate constituents 是如何操控經濟 為其企業構成體 and establishment power. 和既建權力牟取利益 1. The Need for Cyclical Consumption 1.循環消費的需要 The roles of people on a monetary system 人們在金融貨幣體系中的角色 are basically broken into three distinctions: 基本上可以劃為3種: the employee, the employer and the consumer. 僱員 僱主 消費者 The employee performs tasks for the employer 僱員靠為僱主工作 in exchange for a wage, or monetary payment 換取工資或貨幣報酬 while the employer sells a good or service to the consumer for a profit, 而僱主靠銷售產品和服務給消費者 以獲取利潤 another classification of monetary payment. 即另一種貨幣報酬的分類 In turn, both the employer and the employee function as consumers, 反過來 僱主和僱員同時也是消費者 for the monetary payments they obtain 因為他們同樣把獲得的貨幣報酬 are used to purchase goods and services relevant to their survival. 用於購買保障生存的產品和服務 This act of purchasing goods and services 這種購買貨物商品和服務的行為 is what allows the entire system to perpetuate 能使整個系統永遠持續下去 thus allowing for the employer and employee to make money 從而使僱主和僱員 繼續賺錢 and thus continue consuming. 接著消費 In other words, it is the requirement of perpetual or cyclical consumption 換句話說 需要一個持續的循環消費模式 that keeps the entire economy going. 維持著整個經濟運轉 If consumption was ever to stop, the whole system would collapse. 如果消費一旦停止 整個體系就會崩潰 This produces two severe consequences for society: 循環消費對社會造成了2個嚴重後果: 1. Nothing physically produced can ever maintain a lifespan 1.產品壽命的設計絕對不能超過 longer than what can be endured in order to maintain 維持"循環消費"所需的時間 the needed 'cyclical consumption'. 維持"循環消費"所需的時間 In other words, everything must break down 換句話說 一切產品在各別的有限壽命內必須損壞 in a respective amount of time 一切產品在各別的有限壽命內必須損壞 in order to continue the financial circulation 以維繫資金周轉的需要 needed to power the economy. 從而為經濟增長提供動力 This characteristic could be defined as 'planned obsolescence'. 這個特性可被定義為"計劃報廢" Planned obsolescence is essentially 計劃報廢在本質上 the deliberate withholding of efficiency 蓄意抑制產品效能 so the product in question breaks down respectively fast. 使得有設計缺陷的產品 紛紛迅速陷入故障 This happens both intentionally, with manufacturers timing their products 製造商故意設計出 剛經過保固期間就報廢的產品故障期 for breakdown, often as soon as the warranty runs out; 剛經過保固期間就報廢的產品故障期 and indirectly, where profit-based shortcuts taken in production 另外間接地 在生產中以利潤為導向而採用的捷徑 usually in the form of cheap materials and poor design 通常是便宜的材料和低劣的設計 translates into an inferior product immediately 這立刻生產出品質低劣的產品 with the failure of the product simply a matter of time. 因此產品的故障 僅是時間的問題罷了 The second consequence is that new products and services 2.新產品和新服務 必須不斷更新 must be constantly introduced regardless of functional utility 而不管功能上的效用 以及所產生的無數浪費 generating endless waste. 以及所產生的無數浪費 The result of these two issues are nothing but unacceptable 這兩個後果都只會讓人無法接受 for not only are resources being neglectfully used in products 因為資源被濫用在其設計 that are designed not to last, wasting human energy and materials 非持續耐用的產品之上 浪費勞力 能源 原料 the amount of frivilous waste and pollution that results is staggering. 而且導致大量無謂的 且令人咋舌的浪費和污染 In other words, waste is a deliberate byproduct of industry's need 換言之 浪費是產業為了維持"循環消費"的需求 to keep 'cyclical consumption' going. 而刻意產生的副作用 The obsolete or expired product is trashed, 過時或故障的產品 通常被丟棄到 often to landfills, polluting the environment 垃圾掩埋場 污染環境 while the constant multiplicity accelerates this pollution. 而這種持續不斷的大量過程 加重了污染程度 To express this from a different angle 換一個不同的角度 imagine the economic ramifications of production methods 想像一下 各種經濟上的生產方式 that strategically maximize the efficiency 能策略性地將每一個產品的效率 and sustainability of every product, using the best known materials 和永續性達到最大化 並使用當下已知 and techniques available at the time. 最好的材料和可用的技術 Imagine products so well designed 想像一下精良設計的產品 that they didn't need maintenance for say, 100 years. 100年內無需維護 Imagine a house that was built from fireproof materials 想像房屋用上防火材料 where all appliances, electrical operations, plumbing and the like, 屋裡所有器具 電器 水管等等 were made from the most impermeable 是由地球上最不透水透氣 highest integrity resources available on Earth. 最牢固的可用資源所建造 In such a saner world, where we actually created things to last 在如此更為健全的世界中 我們的確能創造耐用的產品 minimizing pollution and waste, a monetary system would be impossible 並把污染和浪費降至最低 但這在金融貨幣體系中是不可能實現的 for cyclical consumption would slow tremendously 因為循環消費將因此大量減緩 forever weakening the so called economic growth. 一直削弱所謂的"經濟增長" Mechanism two: The Abundance of Scarcity 2.匱乏的盛行 In monetary economics, supply and demand 在金融貨幣經濟中 供給和需求 is partly how goods and services obtain value. 是商品和服務如何體現價值的組成部分 The more there is of something, the less it is worth in respect to itself. 貨物供應數量越多 越不值錢 If we woke up one day and for some reason, hypothetically speaking, 假設某天我們一覺醒來 there were only 100 oranges left in existence 世上僅存100枚橘子 with no possibility to grow more, 絕無可能長出更多 the value of those oranges would skyrocket, 這些橘子將會是天價 for they are now extremely scarce. 物以稀為貴 In other words, it is profitable for resources to be scarce. 換句話說 資源匱乏是有利可圖的 If a company can convince the public that their product is rare 如果一家公司讓大眾覺得它的產品是稀少的 the more they can charge for that product. 那麼公司就能從產品中 獲取更多的利潤 This provides a strong motivation to keep items and resources scarce. 這為製造物品和資源的人為匱乏 提供了強大的動機 The ramifications of this are psychologically profound; 這觀念對於心理而言影響深遠 for if companies know that they can make more money 因為如果公司知道製造人為匱乏 by having their items scarce, the propensity to deliberately 能賺更多錢 那麼故意限制生產 limit production or be dishonest about available resources is high. 那麼故意限制生產 或囤積居奇的傾向就會變高 This means that the monetary system rewards mechanisms 這意味著金融貨幣體系獎勵那些 that inherently discourage abundance and equality. 從根本上阻礙富足和平等的機制 Even more offensively, profit can actually be made 更噁心的是 利潤實際上 as a result of scarcity generated by environmental pollution, 可通過環境污染所導致的"匱乏"而產生 such as what is now happening with our water supplies. 比如現正發生在我們水源供應上的污染一樣 This creates a perverse reinforcement of indifference 對於企業的環境考量來說 to environmental concern by industry, for the more damage there is 這創造並加強了扭曲 墮落的冷漠態度 因為環境毀損越厲害 the more profit that can be obtained by offering solutions. 就能從提供解決辦法中 獲取越多利潤 And this leads us to: 3. The Priority of Profit. 3.利潤優先 A monetary system's foremost motivating principle 金融貨幣體系首要的動機原則是利潤 is profit, or more generally, income. 或更一般地講 收入 All people must seek out a strategy to acquire money. 所有人必須想方設法謀取錢財 A wage earner seeks out the best possible pay 僱員用其服務 謀取最佳薪酬 he can get for his services, while the employer 僱主則持續尋找降低成本的方式 seeks to constantly reduce costs in order to maximize their profit. 僱主則持續尋找降低成本的方式 以達到最大化利潤 This competitive mentality extends into all facets of society, 這種競爭心態滲入到社會各個層面 and it should be no surprise that those who are in positions 理所當然的 那些有能力賺大錢的人 of great wealth are often the most ruthless and indifferent. 那些有能力賺大錢的人 往往最為無情 冷漠 Now, before we move any further into the negative consequences 現在 在我們更進一步 討論利潤優先的負面後果之前 of the profit priority, let's first consider 讓我們看看大多數人 what many think to be the good side of this system: incentive. 認為這個體系"好的一面":動機 As the theory goes, the need for profit provides a person or organization 如同一般的理論所述 追逐利潤為個人和組織 with motivation to work on new ideas and products 提供工作上的動力 使其致力於在市場上 that might sell in the market place. 銷售新創意及產品 In other words, the assumption is that if people were not motivated 換句話說 這個假設是 若人們沒有 by their need to obtain money, nothing would be invented "需要獲得金錢"這個動機的話 and little social progress would be achieved. 就不會有創新和社會的進步 First of all, the most powerful contributions to society 首先 對社會最有力的貢獻 did not come from people seeking profit. 不是從人們追求利潤而來 Louis Pasteur, Charles Darwin, the Wright brothers, Albert Einstein 路易·巴士德 查爾斯·達爾文 萊特兄弟 阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦 and Isaac Newton did not make their massive contributions 艾薩克·牛頓 對社會做出了巨大貢獻 to society because of material self interest. 卻不是因為物質方面的自私利益 While it is true that useful inventions and methods 然而許多有用的發明創造 do come from the motivation for personal gain, 的確源自個人收益這個動力 the intent behind those creations typically have nothing to do 但這些發明創造背後的意圖 往往無助於人文和社會關懷 with human or social concerns and everything to do 往往無助於人文和社會關懷 而是所有東西 with detached self interest and blind personal gain. 都跟冷漠的個人私利 以及盲目的個人獲得有關 The pursuit of profit almost always comes before human concern 對利潤的追逐幾乎總是先於人文關懷 and a simple glance at the cancer causing preservatives in our foods, 看看我們食品中引發癌症的防腐劑 the planned obsolescence of nearly everything manufactured 看看幾乎各種製造成品中的計劃報廢 along with the health care industry that charges 300 dollars 以及醫療保健 一顆抗生素藥丸 for a single antibiotic pill, will indicate 竟然標價300美元 這些足以表明 that the profit incentive is actually a detriment. 利潤動機實際上是個危害 Problems in our monetary-based society will only have resolution 在我們以金融貨幣為根基的社會中 if money can be made from solving those problems. 假如有利可圖的話 問題才可能被解決... Now, more specifically, to put the spectrum 現在 為了更精確地 of monetary derived corruption into a workable perspective, 把金融貨幣衍生出來的腐敗 放到切實的角度看 we will divide these behaviors into three classifications: 我們可以把這些行為分為三類: general crime, corporate crime and government crime. 一般犯罪 企業犯罪 政府犯罪 General crime in a monetary system ranges from petty theft 第一類:金融貨幣體系下的一般犯罪 從小偷小摸 to illegal sales, to fraud, to violent robbery. 到非法營銷 詐欺 暴力搶劫 This by-product of the system is often not given 這是此系統的副作用 而且 人們經常沒有深入解析根本原因 the thought needed to understand its source 人們經常沒有深入解析根本原因 for many tend to dismiss these so called criminals 因為大多數人傾向打發掉這些所謂的罪犯 as some kind of social anomaly. 將其視為某種異常的社會現象 The reality is that the stress, conflict, 事實上由金融貨幣體系本身所衍生出的壓力 衝突 poverty and thus deprivation generated by the monetary system itself 貧困 以及由此帶來的剝奪 is the foundational cause. 才是犯罪的根本原因 In the 1990's, a research project 在20世紀90年代 called the Merva-Fowles study was conducted 啟動了一項名為邁爾沃·福爾斯(Merva-Fowles )的研究計劃 which found powerful connections between unemployment and crime. 研究發現 失業與犯罪之間的關係十分密切 They based their research on 30 major metropolitan areas 該研究涵括30個主要都會區 with a total population of over 80 million. 總計超過8千萬人 Their findings found that a 1% rise in unemployment resulted in: 調查研究發現 失業率每上升1% a 6.7% increase in homicides 將導致謀殺率上升6.7% a 3.4% increase in violent crimes, 暴力犯罪上升3.4% a 2.4% increase in property crime. 財產犯罪上升2.4% During the period from 1990 to 1992, this translated into: 在1990年到1992年間 這轉化為: 1459 additional homicides, 多發生了1459起兇殺 62,607 additional violent crimes 多發生了62607起暴力犯罪 and 223,500 additional property crimes. 多發生了223500起財產犯罪 This is very revealing. 這恰恰表明 A person living in a deprived environment, with little resources, 一個人若居住於被剝奪的環境 資源匱乏 poor education and few opportunities for work 教育低劣 就業機會渺茫 will simply do what they need to in order to survive. 將僅僅為生存之需而掙扎 While the neuroses generated from the stress of the situation 當遭遇壓力 而導致神經官能症時 often leads to violent and socially offensive acts. 往往引發暴力和攻擊社會的行為 In other words, the environment is creating the behavior. 換句話說 環境造就了行為 Corporate Crime 第二類:企業犯罪 Corporate crime, which is almost exclusively profit related 企業犯罪幾乎均與利潤相關 takes many forms: planned obsolescence, 包含多種形式:計劃報廢 monopolistic collusion, market manipulation 聯合壟斷 操縱市場 outsourcing, price fixing, labor exploitation 外包 價格限定 勞工剝削 and governmental collusion are just a few to note. 官商勾結 這些只是值得注意的一小部分 From Enron's deliberate shutting down of California's power plants 從恩龍公司蓄意關閉加州的發電廠 to boost its energy stocks to the Bayer Corporation's 以提升其能源股價 到拜耳公司蓄意分銷 knowing distribution of HIV-tainted drugs, 被愛滋病毒感染的藥物 it should be clear to most people that corporate crime is constant 大多數人應該清楚 持續不斷的企業犯罪 and oftentimes much more insidious than general crime 通常比一般犯罪遠遠更陰險狡詐 for the repercussions tend to affect very large groups of people. 往往波及為數眾多的人群 The corporate criminal's need to secure profitability 企業犯罪的動機 是增加利潤 is no different in basis than the general criminal's need to survive. 這跟一般犯罪為生存之需一樣 While the latter typically commits crimes to live 後者通常為了生存而犯罪 the former commits crimes to further secure their positions of power, 前者的犯罪則進一步保障其權力地位 lifestyle and wealth. It is based on fear. 生活方式和財富 這源於恐懼 The notion of greed, which manifests from a perpetual insecurity 貪婪的概念是從恐懼衍生出來的 derived from the fear of losing what one has 害怕喪失所擁有的一切 進而忐忑不安 serves as the motivating factor for most corporate crimes. 貪婪是大多數企業犯罪的動機因素 This neuroses is perpetuated and reinforced by what we could call 這種神經官能症的持續和強化 皆起因於 'the luxury stratification' that the monetary system creates; 金融貨幣體系造就的"奢華階層" for in this system, there is a neverending progression 因為在這個體系中 當人們的購買力增加時 of products available, as one's purchasing power increases. 可用產品的生產過程將會永不止息 And then, there's government crime. 第三類:政府犯罪 Government crime is one of the more complex 政府犯罪是更為複雜 and difficult forms of conduct to consider 行為形式更難識別的一種犯罪 for perception of goverment is highly modified 因為對政府的看法 by the prevailing values this ruling class perpetuates through society. 通過統治階級長期灌輸給社會主流價值 而被高度掩飾 For example, patriotism is often used to encourage support for war. 例如 愛國主義常被用於激勵支持戰爭 Making people feel like they have an obligation 令人們覺得自己 有義務同意政府的決定 to agree with the government's decision. 有義務同意政府的決定 That being said, let's take an objective look at 說完這點 讓我們客觀地看看 what government within a monetary system actually is and represents. 金融貨幣體系下的政府到底代表什麼 The central role of government is basically the invention of 政府的核心角色 基本上是 regulatory legislation and policies to handle the functioning of society. 制定法律規範和政策 以掌控社會正常運作 Idealistically, the broad interests of the public 理論上 公眾的廣泛利益 would be the first priority of government. 是政府的首要職責 Unfortunately, as history has shown 不幸的是 歷史表明 this is not, and has rarely been the case. 並非如此 政府極少關注民生 Rather, government as we know it is actually a parent corporation 對於所有其它在國家經濟中營運的公司來說 to all the other corporations working within the country's economy. 我們所知的政府實際上是一個母公司 This, of course, makes sense; for the value of any nation 這當然有道理:任何國家的價值 is really determined by the state of its economy. 實際上是由其經濟狀態所決定的 This means that the government has a vested interest 這意味著 政府在國家的經濟地位中 in the economic position of its nation, 具有既得利益 most specifically with those interests that benefit them directly. 特別是讓政府享有的直接利益 Lobbying and contributions in America alone 光是美國政治遊說與獻金的花費 constitute billions of dollars a year 每年就高達數十億美元 and this money is given entirely under the pretense 而這筆巨款完全是在資助政黨議程的藉口下收取的 of putting the donating party's agenda in action. 而這筆巨款完全是在資助政黨議程的藉口下收取的 Now, while the examples of government and corporate collusion are vast 如今 官商勾結的例子比比皆是 the greatest monetarily derived crime of government is its use of war 從金融貨幣體系所衍生的最嚴重政府犯罪 for the benefit of its corporate and financial constituents. 是為其企業和金融部門的利益 而挑起戰爭 In the words of two-time Congressional Medal of Honor recipient, 兩度獲得國會榮譽勳章的 Major General Smedley D. Butler, "War is a racket. 巴特勒少校(Smedley D. Butler)說:"戰爭自古以來 It always has been. It is possibly the oldest 就是一場騙局 這可能是最古老的 easily the most profitable, surely the most vicious. 最輕易有利可圖的 而且是最歹毒的手段" It is the only one international in scope. "戰爭是唯一一種國際規模的非法勾當 It is the only one in which the profits are reckoned in dollars 以搶劫錢財和犧牲生命的方式 and the losses in lives." 從中獲利" Accelerated industrial creation, military contracts, 戰爭加速了產業創建 軍需契約 reconstruction contracts, energy and resource acquisition or theft 重建契約 加速了能源和資源的攫取...或說竊取 high interest austerity-driven world bank and private bank loans 由高利率緊縮所驅動的世界銀行 以及私立銀行的貸款等 for post-war economies are just a few 對於戰後經濟而言只是一些 of the highly profitable mediums utilized. 高度有利可圖的利用手段而已 The true motivation for war today is actually threefold: 當今戰爭的真正動機其實有3個: industrial commercial profit maximized for the elite, 1.為了統治精英的最大工商業利潤 resource acquisition or theft as was the case with Iraq 2.攫取資源(或竊取) 如同伊拉克戰爭 and Afghanistan, and strategic geopolitical alignment 和阿富汗戰爭那樣 3.地理政治上策略性的結盟 to increase the ease of further industrial profit and resource theft. 以進一步增加產業利潤 及減低攫取資源的難度 War is probably the greatest sickness 戰爭或許是由對財富和權力的慾望 caused by the desire for wealth and power. 所引發的最嚴重疾病 Government, with its team of brainwashed assassins on hand 政府與其被洗腦的殺手們一道 is involved in the ultimate form of self preservation 捲入自我保護的終極形式之中 and as long as the resources of the world remain horded and restricted 而且只要世界的資源 仍然為了少數人的物質利益 for the material benefit of the few, this pattern of war will never end. 而被囤積和限制 這種戰爭模式永遠不會改變 Now, these classifications of corruption are only a generalized grouping. 現在 這些腐敗的分類只是一個大概的區分 . . Vast nuances of human behavior in everyday life 日常生活中人類行為的細枝末節 are also very much poisoned by this mechanism for profit. 同樣深受這個利潤機制的毒害 For if you look closely enough, you will see that nearly every act 因為要是你仔細觀察 你會看到幾乎每一項 of strategic monetary gain is corrupt by its very construct. 圖謀貨幣收益的行為 根本上都存在著腐敗 It is just accepted as normal by the conditioned culture. 只是腐敗行為被受制約的文化所接受並認為是"正常的" And 4. Fiscal Manipulation 4.財政操縱 The currency used today is fiat 當今流通的貨幣是法定貨幣 which means its value comes essentially from government decree. 這意味著其價值實際上基於政府法令 Monetary value in the fiat system 金融貨幣體系下的貨幣價值 is actually derived from how much money is in circulation 一般而言 來自於經濟體系中 within an economy, generally speaking. 流通的貨幣數量 Just as with any natural resource, the more money that is in circulation 正如任何自然資源一樣 流通中的貨幣量越多 the less each unit of fiat currency is worth. 則每單位的法定貨幣價值越低 When less money is in circulation, it makes each unit 當流通中的貨幣量越少 每單位的法定貨幣價值則越高 worth more respectively. This phenomenon could be called 每單位的法定貨幣價值則越高 inflation and deflation, generally speaking. 一般來說 這種現象 Now, the increase in the supply of money available in an economy 可稱為通貨膨脹與通貨緊縮 is called monetary expansion. 現在 經濟體中可用貨幣的供應增長 While a decrease in the supply of money is called monetary contraction. 稱為貨幣擴張 . 而貨幣供應的減少稱為貨幣緊縮 Generally speaking, the expansion period . is usually associated with so called "economic growth," 一般說來 貨幣擴張時期 for more money is available and able to be put to use 通常與所謂的經濟增長相關 and often more jobs are thus created. 因為可用的貨幣越多 則越能投入運用 Conversely, monetary contraction is often called 通常創造的工作機會相應越多 a recession or depression 相反 貨幣緊縮通常稱為 for money is drying up and hence there is less money to put to use; 經濟衰退或蕭條 so jobs are lost and companies fail. 因為貨幣流量枯竭 可投入使用的貨幣量變少 Economic growth is typically defined as: 由此造成員工失業 公司倒閉 the increase in the amount of the goods and services 經濟增長典型的定義是: produced by an economy over time. 在一段時間中 由經濟所產生的貨物和服務增長 However, let it be understood that economic growth 由經濟所產生的貨物和服務增長 is really a zero sum game. 然而大家要瞭解 經濟增長實際上 There is no such thing as true economic growth in and of itself, 是一個零和遊戲 for the underlying mechanism is based almost entirely 沒有真正的內部經濟增長 或自我經濟增長這類東西 on the amount of liquidity, or money in the system. 因為其內在機制幾乎完全基於 In other words, if I counterfeit 100 million US dollars 這個體系中的金錢流動性數量 或貨幣量 and give it to you to start a business, and you buy and fix up 換言之 如果我偽造1億美元 an old building, hire a team of employees 給你創業 你購置並翻修了 and start to produce a product that the public buys 一棟舊廠房 僱傭了一幫員工 this would be considered an expansion of the economy. 著手生產大眾消費品 You have invested in real estate, increased the employment rate 這會被視為經濟擴張 and created new products that others buy 你投資了不動產 提升了就業率 therefore exciting the circulation of currency 生產出了市場所需的新產品 hence the consumption cycle. 因此刺激了貨幣的循環 Now, what if the authorities found out that all the money 即循環消費 you had used was actually counterfeit 現在 如果當局發現你所使用的金錢 and thus they shut down the whole operation? 其實是偽造的 This would be a contraction of the economy, for the money thus vanishes. 因此關閉你的整個營運會如何呢? Your employees would be laid off, the building foreclosed upon 這將是經濟萎縮 因為金錢就這樣消失了 and the production halted. 你的員工將會被裁掉 廠房被拍賣 One should ask, "What was the real growth?" 生產被迫停頓 If the increase or expansion in the supply of money 人們應該問:"什麼才是真正的經濟增長?" can result in the creation of jobs and production, 要是貨幣供應的增加或擴張 while the decrease or contraction 能帶動就業和生產的增加 results in the loss of jobs and production, 而貨幣供應的減少或萎縮 what exactly was gained and lost? What was the point? 又引發工作和生產的損失 Let's now consider how money is created and regulated 那麼確切的得與失究竟是什麼? 重點到底是什麼? by the government and its central bank. 現在讓我們看看 貨幣是如何由政府 For this example, we will use the United States 及其央行創造和監管的 and its central bank, The Federal Reserve. 在這個例子中 我們將引用美國 The expansion and contraction of the money supply 及其央行"聯邦準備"的資料 is what really creates the so called 'business cycle' 貨幣供應的擴張和收縮 you hear about in classic economics. 是真正創造出所謂"經濟週期"的東西 This cycle is largely controlled and manipulated 古典經濟學這麼告訴你我的 by the central bank, by way of interest rates. 這個週期很大程度上被央行 An interest rate is a fee charged to a borrower 以利率的方式來控制和操縱 for the use of credit, or an amount of money. 利率是借款人為了運用信貸 All money in the U. S economy, and virtually every other economy 而支付的一筆費用 或者說是運用資金的價格 in the world is created out of debt, through loans. 美國經濟中的所有貨幣 以及全球幾乎每一個經濟體中的貨幣 Every dollar in someone's wallet is borrowed from the banking system. 都是通過貸款從債務所產生的 This is important to understand: All money is created out of debt. 人們錢包裡的每一塊錢都是從銀行裡借來的 Thus the rate by which the money comes into existence depends on 瞭解到這點很重要:即所有的金錢都是由債務創造 how much a person is willing to pay in interest to acquire that loan. 因此 金錢的利率 取決於一個人願意為獲取貸款支付多少利息 The commercial banks base their interest rates 取決於一個人願意為獲取貸款支付多少利息 on values set by the central bank. 商業銀行定的利息是基於 When the Federal Reserve lowers its interest rates 央行設定的價值 so do the commercial banks, and credit 當美聯準降低利率時 or borrowing becomes less expensive. 商業銀行也會調降利率 When the Fed raises its rates 而信貸或借貸變得更便宜 credit becomes more expensive, and hence borrowing slows. 當美聯準調高利率時 The point here is that The Federal Reserve has the power 信貸變得更貴 因此借貸減緩 to influence the interest rates of all banks. 這裡的重點是 美聯準有權 This translates into the power to control 左右所有銀行的利率 the amount of money being borrowed, and hence the amount in circulation 這轉化為控制借貸貨幣量的權力 and, to a certain degree, 這轉化為控制借貸貨幣量的權力 進而控制流通的貨幣量 control over the growth periods and recession periods 並且在一定程度上 known as the business cycle. 控制了經濟週期的增長期和衰退期 Why does the Fed need to control this? 控制了經濟週期的增長期和衰退期 It basically comes down to controlling debt and inflation. 美聯準為什麼需要控制這個呢? If the money supply was allowed to constantly increase or expand 這基本上歸結於控制債務和通貨膨脹 it is simply a matter of time before the market becomes saturated 如果貨幣供應被允許持續增長或擴張 with excess liquidity, stifling the resulting economic growth. 市場出現金錢數量飽和與流動性過剩 This will lead to inflation 只是時間問題 扼殺接下來的經濟成長 depreciating the value of the currency, raising prices. 這將導致通貨膨脹 Likewise, since outstanding debt is 貨幣貶值 物價上漲 directly proportional to the money supply 同樣 由於未清債務 because money is created out of debt, the more an economy expands, 與貨幣供應成正比關係 often the greater the debt that is created. 因為金錢是債務創造出來的 所以經濟越是擴張 This sets up an inevitable systemic crisis 通常就有更多的債務被創造 for the money needed to pay the interest charged on the loans 這造就了不可避免的系統性危機 does not exist in the economy outright. 因為要支付貸款利息的貨幣 Therefore, there will always be 完全不存在於經濟中 more outstanding debt than money in existence; 因此 總是會有 and once the debt grows larger than a person or a company can afford 比現存金錢更多的未償清債務 defaults begin, loans slow and the money supply begins to contract. 而一旦債務大到超過公司或個人能負擔的程度 This particular scenario of debt overpowering and nullifying expansion 違約就會出現 貸款放慢 貨幣供應開始收縮 could be termed financial failure, very simply. 這種債務的特定情況壓制並抵消了經濟擴張 And this leads us to the next section: 可以簡稱為財政失敗 In this section we will discuss the nature and ramifications 這將帶我們過渡到下一部分: of the current worldwide economic collapse 接下來 我們將討論 當前全球經濟 and how it has been compounded by the gross selfishness 崩潰的性質和後果 and social irresponsibility of the government and corporate powers. 以及它如何經由政府和企業權力 Then more profoundly 因全然的自私和不負社會責任的態度而惡化 we will discuss the role technology is having in displacing workers 然後更深一層地 and the powerful changes this phenomenon is going to force 我們將更深入地討論科技在取代工人上的作用 in the world economy at large. 這一強力的現象 正推動世界經濟 1. Beyond Irresponsibility 發生巨大改變 The collective external debt of all the governments in the world 1.責任感泯滅 is now about 52 trillion dollars according to the CIA's "World Fact Book." 根據中央情報局的世界記錄 全世界各國政府的外債加起來 Of the roughly 203 countries in the world today, 全世界各國政府的外債加起來 大約達52兆美元 only four do not owe others money. 如今在世界上 約有203個國家 The United States alone has over 12 trillion of this debt as of 2009, 只有4個國家零負債 and a study authorized by the U. S treasury in 2001 2009年光是美國就有超過12兆美元的債務 found that in order to keep servicing the debt at its current rate of growth, 而在一份2001年由美國財政部授權的研究中發現 by 2013, income taxes would need to be raised to 65% of one's income. 為了繼續償還以現有速率增長的債務利息 The whole world is basically bankrupt - but how? 到2013年 所得稅需提升至一個人正常收入的65% How can the world as whole, owe money to itself? 整個世界基本上是破產的 但怎麼可能呢? Obviously it's all nonsense. 世界作為一個整體 怎麼可能欠自己的錢呢? The monetary system is nothing more than a game. 顯然 這全是無稽之談 Those in positions of social power alter the rules of the game at will. 金融貨幣體系只不過是一場遊戲 The nature of those rules are guided by the same 那些擁有社會權力的人隨意改變遊戲規則 competitive, distorted mentalities 那些規則的本質 是由同樣 that are used to compete in everyday monetary life 競爭且扭曲的心態所引導 only this time the game is rigged at its root 為日常金融貨幣生活中的競爭所用 to favor those who actually run the show. 只是這一次 既得利益者操縱著金融遊戲 For example, if you have one million dollars and 既得利益者操縱著金融遊戲 put it into a C. D at 5% interest, 例如 要是你把100萬美元 you are going to generate 50,000 dollars a year simply for that deposit. 存入利息為5%的定期儲蓄 You are making money off of money itself: 單單靠這筆存款 你每年就有5萬美元的收入 no invention, no contribution to society, no nothing. 你是用金錢本身來賺錢 That being denoted, if you are a lower or middle class person 沒有創造發明 對社會沒有貢獻 什麼都沒有... who is limited in funds and must use credit cards 那意味著 如果你處在社會中下層 and get interest-based loans to buy your home, 積蓄有限 而必須依靠信用卡 then you are paying interest to the bank 以及有息貸款購房 which the bank is then turning around and using, in theory 那麼你就是付利息給銀行 to pay the persons return with the 5% C.D. 然後銀行理論上轉手並將之利用 將你支付的利息 What the bank is basically doing is 轉交給定期存單利息為5%的存款人 stealing from the working poor to pay the leisurely rich. 銀行基本上的工作 Simply put, the social stratification we see in the world today 是搾取勞苦大眾的錢 然後支付給不勞而獲的富人 is maintained and guaranteed 簡而言之 我們看到當今世上的社會階級分層 by the monetary system's underlying mechanisms. 是靠金融貨幣體系的內在機制 That reality aside 來維繫保證的 let's return to the subject of the so-called business cycle. 撇開現實不說 When money is added to the money supply 讓我們回頭看看所謂的經濟週期 that money is then typically put to use for some reason. 當貨幣被追加到貨幣供應中時 Very often these reasons include: starting a business, buying a home, 這筆錢基本上就會用於某些計劃 . 通常包括:創業 購房 investing in the stock market, etc. . This increase in the money supply often translates into the so called 投資股票市場等等 economic growth and hence the boom period of the business cycle. 這個貨幣供應的增長通常被稱為 Unfortunately, money can not be added to the economy indefinitely, 經濟增長 進而轉化為經濟週期的繁榮期 for the debt and inflation caused by the expansion 不幸的是 貨幣不能無限制地追加到經濟體中 will eventually overcome the growth benefits. 因為貨幣擴張引發的債務和通貨膨脹 When problems begin to arise after periods of monetary expansion, 最終會壓垮增長帶來的好處 such as rising debt levels, slowing people's desire to take on new loans 貨幣擴張期過後 諸多問題開始冒出來了 the Central Bank and government regulators 如上升的債務水平 降低人們拿到新貸款的渴望 have basically two choices: They can either 央行和政府監管機構 1. Attempt to continue the expansion by infusing even more money 有兩個基本選擇: often by lowering the interest rates, making credit cheaper, or 1.通過注入更多貨幣嘗試繼續擴張 2. Let the contraction, hence the recession 通常藉由降低利率 使得貸款更容易 run its course, raise the interest rates 2.讓緊縮發生隨其自生自滅 and bring the economy back to some kind of equilibrium. 導致經濟衰退 同時調高利率 As far as history is concerned, the pattern has been for them to do both 把經濟帶回某種均衡 basically with the idea being to ease the recession by increasing liquidity. 從過去經驗來看 兩個方法都在用 The reasoning is simple: It is politically unpopular 基本理念是經由增加貨幣的流動量 來減緩經濟衰退 for the ruling class to have unemployed, poor citizens. 道理很簡單: 失業 貧困 This can lead to contempt for leadership and instability. 對統治階級在政治上是不得人心的 Therefore, there is always the game of 這可能導致對領導權的蔑視和不穩定 placating the public with false security 因此總會用虛假的安全感 in order to avoid the truth coming out about the inherent dysfunctionality 來哄騙大眾的把戲 of the monetary system itself. 為了避免洩露關於金融貨幣體系本身 The result of this easing of the contraction simply delays the inevitable, 內在功能失調的真相 and since the US government has eased 這種減緩收縮的結果 只是暫時拖延了不可避免的衰退 virtually every contraction period since the Great Depression 而且自從大蕭條以來 by infusing more money into the system 美國政府實際上已藉由 a doomsday scenario likely awaits-- the big contraction, 注入更多的金錢至這個系統內 and it might be happening right now. 紓緩了每一個緊縮期 所以末日景象的大緊縮 As noted earlier, money can not be added into the economy indefinitely 很可能現在就會發生 for the debt and inflation caused by the expansion 如前所述 貨幣不能無限制地注入到經濟中 will eventually overcome the growth benefits. 因為擴張會引發債務和通貨膨脹 This is what is now happening on a massive scale 最終壓垮經濟增長帶來的好處 and no intervention to ease this crisis is likely to work. 這正是現在大規模發生的事情 . 而且可能沒有任何干預可以有效減緩經濟危機 Why? Mainly because the debt levels are way too high. . The total debt of the US government plus its citizens private debt 為什麼? 主要是因為債務水平實在太高了 was about 53 trillion dollars in 2007. 2007年 美國政府加上其公民的總債務 This is simply an absurd amount of debt. 約為53兆美元 The total US money supply M3, was only about 12 trillion in 2007, 這簡直是荒誕的債務數額 while the annual GDP of the US was only about 14 trillion. 2007年 美國貨幣供應M3總計只有約12兆美元 Unfortunately there is very little the US government 而美國每年的GDP只有約14兆美元 can do to stop this large contraction 不幸的是 美國政府 if they adhere to the tenets of the monetary system. 對阻止這個大型緊縮 無能為力 Even with the insertion of tens of trillions of dollars, 如果美國政府依舊堅持金融貨幣體系信條的話 it can not compensate for the imbalance. 即使再注入數十兆美元 Plus, if they did this type of liquidity injection 也不能彌補所造成的失衡 the result would simply exaggerate the stagflation we are now seeing 再加上如果注入此類的金錢流動 where inflation and economic stagnation occur simultaneously. 結果將只會加劇目前的停滯性通貨膨脹 2. The Ultimate Outsource 其中通貨膨脹和經濟停滯同時發生 Now, in response to these issues, very often 2.最終外包 people suggest monetary reform as the solution. 現在 針對這些問題 These suggestions often include: 通常人們建議把貨幣改革作為解決方案 going back to the gold standard, outlawing interest, 這些建議通常包括: shutting down the Federal Reserve, giving the power 回到金本位制 禁止利息 of printing money back to the government, etc. 關閉美聯準 將印刷鈔票的權力 While these reforms and others all pose logical merits 交還給政府等等 to a certain degree, they do not recognize an overshadowing 儘管這些改革方式 在某些程度上 little discussed phenomenon that has accelerated 提出了合理的建議 但他們沒有認識到 since the 20th century, nullifying the monetary system in and of itself : 一種自從20世紀以來 就已經在加速 the replacement of human labor with machines. 且暗中發展的現象 使金融貨幣體系內的一切以及本身 逐漸失效 At the core of the economic system itself 即機器取代人力 is the mechanism of labor for income. 經濟體系的核心是勞動獲得收入的機制 Our entire economic system is based on human beings 經濟體系的核心是勞動獲得收入的機制 selling their labor as a commodity in the open market. 我們的整個經濟體系 是基於 If humans do not have the option to work for a living, 人類出售自己的勞動 並作為公開市場上的一種商品 then the monetary system as we know it, is over. 如果人類失去"為了生存而工作"這個選項的話 No one can buy goods if they don't earn money. 那麼如同我們所知的金融貨幣體系 就玩完了 Companies can not afford to produce if the consumer 人們不去賺錢 就沒有錢去購買貨物 has no purchasing power to buy anything. 公司就不能維持負擔生產 As John Maynard Keynes disdainfully pointed out: 因為顧客失去了購買力 "We are being afflicted by a new disease 正如凱恩斯輕蔑地指出: of which some readers may not yet have heard the name "我們正被一種新的疾病折磨著 but of which they will hear a great deal in the years to come: 一些人或許還沒有聽說過它的名字 namely 'technological unemployment'. 不過未來幾年他們就會耳熟能詳 This means "unemployment due to our discovery 那就是『技術性失業』 這意味著 of means of economizing the use of labor, outrunning the pace 由於發現節省勞力使用的方法 at which we can find new uses for labor." 並超過了僱用新勞力的速度 While politicians, business leaders and labor leaders bicker 而造成人員失業" over issues they claim are responsible 儘管政客 商界領袖 勞工領袖為此爭吵不休 for the growing unemployment in the world 指責諸多問題應對世界上增長的失業負責 such as foreign company outsourcing or immigrant labor, 指責諸多問題應對世界上增長的失業負責 the real cause is going unaddressed in the public debate 如海外公司外包 還有移民勞工 and that is 'technological unemployment'. 但真正的原因卻沒有在公開討論中被說明 Since market capitalism is built upon the logic 那就是"技術性失業" of reducing input costs to increase profits 因為市場資本主義建立在 the inclination to replace human labor whenever possible 降低投入成本以增加利潤的邏輯上 by machine automation, is a natural progression of industry. 因此機械自動化隨時可能 After all, a machine doesn't need to take breaks. 取代人力的這個傾向 是產業自然發展的結果 It doesn't require health insurance or benefits 畢竟 機器不需要休息 and it isn't a part of a demanding labor union. 不會要求醫療保險或福利 A simple glance at US historical labor statistics by sector 也不是咄咄逼人的工會份子 shows the pattern of machine automation replacing human labor definitively. 瀏覽一下美國歷年來按部門而分的勞動統計 In the agricultural sector, almost all traditional work-flow 機器自動化取代人力的模式一目瞭然 is now done by machine. For example 在農業領域 幾乎所有傳統工作流程 in 1949, machines did 6% of the cotton picking in the South. 現在均由機器來完成 例如 By 1972, 100% of the cotton picking was done by machines. 1949年在美國南部 機器做了6%的棉花採集工作 In 1860, 60% of America worked in agriculture 到1972年 100%的棉花採集是由機器完成 while today it is less than 3%. 在1860年代 60%的美國人以農業為工作 When automation hit the US manufacturing sector in the 1950's 而現今卻不到3% 1.6 million blue-collar jobs were lost in 9 years. 在20世紀50年代 當自動化衝擊美國製造業時 In 1950, 33% of all US workers worked in manufacturing 在9年內取代了160萬份藍領工作 while by 2002, it was only 10%. 在1950年 33%的美國工人在製造業工作 The US steel industry from 1982 to 2002 而到2002年 只有10% increased production from 77 million tons to 120 million tons 從1982年到2002年 美國鋼鐵產業 while the steel workers employed went from 289,000 to only 74,000. 其產量從7700萬噸升至1.2億噸 In 2003, a study was done of the world's largest 20 economies 在此期間 鋼鐵工人從28.9萬降至7.4萬 ranging from the period of 1995 to 2002 在2003年 一項針對全球20大經濟體 finding that 31 million manufacturing jobs were lost 從1995年到2002年間的研究 while production actually rose by 30%. 發現製造業工作減少了3100萬份 This pattern of increasing productivity and profit, 而產量實際增長了30% coupled with decreasing employment, is a new 這種生產力和利潤增加 and powerful phenomenon with no changes in sight. 伴隨著減少僱傭的模式 So this might beg the question: "Where have all those jobs gone?" 是一個新穎強勢的現象 目前不會停下來 The Service Sector 所以 這是一個大疑問:"那些工作機會轉到哪裡去了?" From 1950 to 2002, the percentage of Americans employed 答案:服務業 in the service industries went from 59% to 82%. 從1950年到2002年 美國服務業 For the last 50 years, the service sector has been absorbing 就業比例從59%升至82% the job losses from agriculture and manufacturing. 過去這50年 服務業一直在吸收 Unfortunately this pattern is slowing fast 來自農業和製造業的失業人員 as computerized automation takes hold there as well. 可惜 由於電腦自動化的普及 From 1983 to 1993, banks cut 37% of their human tellers 這種模式也正在迅速放緩 and by the year 2000, 90% of all bank customers 從1983年到1993年 銀行業裁減了37%的出納員 used teller machines or ATM's. 而且到了2000年 90%的銀行顧客 Business phone operators have almost all been replaced 會使用自動櫃員機或ATM機 by computerized voice answering systems. 而電話接線員 幾乎已被電腦化的 Post office tellers are being replaced by self service machines, 自動語音應答系統所取代 while cashiers are being replaced by computerized kiosks. 郵局出納員正被自助服務式的機器所取代 There isn't one area of the service industry that isn't being affected 而店員也正被自動售貨機所取代 by computerized automation. Economist Stephen Roach has warned: 服務業的每個角落 都受到了 "The service sector has lost its role 電腦自動化的衝擊 as America's unbridled engine of job creation." 經濟學家史蒂芬·羅奇曾警告: Given this reality, where is the emerging new sector "服務業已經失去了 to employ all of the newly displaced workers? There isn't one. 美國就業引擎的作用" And while economists struggle to create models 基於這個事實 哪裡會有新行業 to deal with the issue of nearly unstoppable unemployment, 能僱用所有這些新的失業者? 一個都沒有 most refuse to consider what is really needed 儘管經濟學家掙扎著創造出各種模型 in order to prevent a total breakdown of society. 來應對幾乎不可阻擋的失業問題 The solution lies not in attempting to fix the issues that have emerged, 大多數人卻拒絕考慮真正需要什麼 but rather it is time we transcend the system in its entirety. 以防止社會的完全崩潰 For the system of monetary exchange, along with capitalism itself, 解決辦法不在於試圖修補已浮現的問題 is now completely obsolete, in the wake of technological creativity. 相反地 是我們超越整個舊體系的時候了 If people do not have jobs they can not support the economy 因為金融貨幣交換體系 以及資本主義本身 by purchasing anything. This reality is the final proof 在技術創新的覺醒下 現在已完全過時 that our current system is now completely out of date, and if we want to 如果人們沒有工作 他們就不能藉由購買任何東西 deter riots in the streets and poverty on a scale never before seen, 來支撐整個經濟的運轉 we are going to have to revise our traditionalized notions 這一現實將最後證明 about how society functions at a fundamental level. 我們現有的體系已完全過時了 We require a new social system 如果我們想要阻止街頭暴力 和空前規模的貧困 that is updated to present-day knowledge and modern methods. 我們必須從根本上改變 Part 2 : What Is Relevant? 關於社會如何運作的觀念 . 我們需要一個新的社會體系 In this section we will discuss the idea of natural law 運用最新知識和現代方法 specifically pointing out the symbiotic and emergent nature 第二部份 重要的是什麼? of the physical world; the scientific method, . which is the most affective technique of decision-making we have to date; 在這部分我們要討論自然法則的概念 and the important concept of dynamic equilibrium 特別要指出物理世界的共生性和突現性 which expresses the most foundational ecological factor to our survival. 科學方法 We will also show how, through the intelligent use of technology 是我們目前最有效用的決策技術 and proactive resource management, we have more than enough 以及動態平衡的重要觀念 to go around on this planet, enabling an accessible abundance 該觀念表達出對於我們的生存來說 最基本的生態因素. for all the world's people. 我們也將展示 如何通過智慧的科技使用 Natural Law 和積極的資源管理 我們在這個星球上 There's a tremendous amount of noise in our system. 有豐裕的資源來分配 能為世上所有人 In other words, the fundamentals of life have been lost 提供富足的生活 . 自然法則 in a sea of social, occupational and financial obligations 我們的體制中有各種大量的噪音 many of which are largely artificial. 換言之 生命的基本原則 已迷失在 For example, the need for money and income . puts the human into a position where choice is often very limited. 社會 職業 財務的負擔之中 Usually the jobs found do not reflect the genuine interests 其中很大程度上是人為的 of that particular person, nor the true interests of society as a whole. 例如:對金錢和收入的需求 If we were to examine the occupations that exist today 常常將人類逼到沒有多少選擇的境地 we would tend to find that a great majority of them serve 通常所找到的工作 既不能反映出一個人 no larger function than the perpetuation of cyclical consumption 真正的利益 也不能反映出社會整體的真正利益 to keep the economy going. This arbitrariness constitutes 如果我們檢視當今世上的職業 a tremendous waste of life and resources. 我們會發現絕大多數職業 Consequently, the entire educational system in the modern day 沒有多大的用處 僅限於延續循環消費 is nothing more than a cookie cutter processing plant that prepares 以保持經濟增長 humans for predefined occupational roles. 這種無理霸道的現象 This element of human life has become so traditionally ingrained, 對生命和資源造成了巨大的浪費 that many falsely consider the nature of having a job 因此 當今整個教育體系 some form of human instinct. Even parents will blindly ask 只不過是一個庸俗的加工廠 預先定義了人類的職業角色 their kids: "What do you want to be when you grow up?" 預先定義了人類的職業角色 as though there was only one thing to prefer. 這種人類生活的元素 已是如此根深蒂固 Putting the traditional norms and modes of conduct in society 以至於很多人錯誤地認為 有份工作是自然的 aside for a moment 是人類的某種本性 let's stop and consider what is actually relevant. 甚至家長也會盲目問孩子: Let's pose the question: "What are the near-empirical aspects of nature "你長大了想要當什麼?" and what do these understandings teach us about 就好像只有唯一可以選擇的偏好 how we should govern our conduct on this planet?" 讓我們暫且將社會中傳統規範以及行為模式 Natural Law One 放在一邊 Every human needs adequate nutrition, clean air and clean water 停下來思考什麼才是實際重要的 and therefore must respect the symbiotic 我們來提幾個問題:大自然有經驗的是哪些方面? environmental processes relevant to those needs. 這些經驗的領悟教給了我們什麼? Most people today do not understand or consider 我們應該如何治理在這個星球上的行為? the inter-connectivity of nature and the chain of processes 自然法則一 by which our food, air and water currently come about. 每個人都需要足夠的營養 清潔的空氣 乾淨的用水 However if we recognize, examine and learn from these processes 因此 必須尊重與這些需要相關的共生環境過程 a logical train of reasoning, coupled with suggestive inference, 必須尊重與這些需要相關的共生環境過程 will guide us to more appropriate human behaviors 今天大多數人不理解也沒有想過 that will help fulfill our needs. 大自然與我們當下對於食物 For example, water and air are naturally abundant planetary resources 空氣和水源的處理鏈之間的相互關聯 that only require that we, the human population 然而要是我們從中學習 認識 檢視 maintain them and preserve their sources. 進行合乎邏輯的一系列論證 伴隨著富有啟發性的推理 Sadly, our impulsive and narrow-sighted profit system 這將引導我們至更為恰當的人類行為 have seen to it that usable water is now approaching crisis scarcity 幫助我們滿足需求 for industry continues to pollute the system at every turn. 例如 水和空氣是充裕的資源 In the United States alone, about 3 million tons of toxic chemicals 只要我們人類 are released into the environment every year 保持它 並維護其源頭 contributing to birth defects, immune system disorders 可悲的是 在我們衝動且短視的利潤體系中 cancer, and many other serious health problems. 已經看到可用的水資源 正在接近匱乏的危機 The symbiotic relationship of natural processes has a built-in 因為工業仍在時時刻刻污染著環境 frame of reference, which is accessible by understanding 單單在美國 每年約有300萬噸有毒化學物質 how the world actually works, via scientific investigation. 被人為排放到環境中 Very simply, our behavior should be guided by the priority 造成了生育畸形 免疫系統異常 of seeking the highest optimization of circumstances 癌症 以及許多其它嚴重的健康問題 that preserve and maximize the abundance 自然過程的共生關係有一個內在的 and quality of our necessities of life. 內在的參照框架 我們可以通過科學調查 Sadly, this is not happening. 瞭解這個世界如何實際運作 進而通達這個參照框架 The fact is: Our sustainability is under severe threat 很簡單 我們的行為應當遵從 by the current methods we are using. 謀求環境最優化的優先原則 The monetary system continues to operate with the interest 從而保存我們的生活必需品 of short-term gain at the expense of long-term destruction. 並使充裕程度和質量最大化 As natural law denotes, we need high quality air, food and water to live. 可悲的是 這沒有發生 . 事實是 我們的永續性 Therefore, we must overcome any practices which disturb 正被我們目前的方式嚴重威脅著 or create the propensity to disturb 金融貨幣體系仍在運作 the symbiotic environmental processes 以長期毀滅的犧牲為代價獲取短期利益 which keep our basic needs in order. 就像自然法則指出的:我們的生活需要高質量的空氣 食物 淡水 If we don't, the consequences of our violation of this law . could put us past the point of no return environmentally; and thus 因此 我們必須克服任何擾亂 the survival of the human race would be in question. 消除產生擾亂的傾向 Natural Law Two: The only constant is change 維護有序的共生環境過程 and human understandings are always in transition. 進而滿足我們的基本需要 There is no evidence to support the idea that 若不如此 違背自然法則的後果 anything we think is true today will maintain its integrity tomorrow. 會讓我們在環境上處於無法回頭的境地 While certain observed natural phenomenon may seem near empirical 並且人類的生存將成為問題 based on current scientific evidence, 自然法則二:唯一持續的是改變本身 the specifics of each notion will always be altered 人類的理解也一直在轉變 for our tools and methods of analysis are always changing 沒有證據支持 and hopefully, improving. 任何我們今天認為是真確的東西 明天仍會保持原態 In the words of C.J Keyser: 儘管某些觀察到的自然現象 基於當下現有的科學證據 "Absolute certainty is a privilege of uneducated minds and fanatics." 而貌似近乎真實經驗 A cursory glance at widely defended historical notions 但每個觀念的具體內容將一直改變 from the earth being flat, to the sun revolving around the earth 因為我們的工具和分析方法 總是一直在變化 teaches us that intellectual change is constant; 並且有望改進 and in turn, humans must keep as open a mind as possible to new information C.J 凱澤(C.J Keyser 美國數學家)說過: even if it challenges that person's sense of identity. "絕對的確定性是無知者和狂熱者的特權" Everything we think and know are only probabilities 大略看看歷史上經過廣泛辯論的觀念 and with modern methods of analysis which have proven 從地球是平的 到"地心說" to have proactive benefits to society over long periods of time 向我們展示了知識是不斷在改變的 we can now weigh our understandings and beliefs on a revolving 反過來 人類必須盡可能保持開放性的思維 sliding scale, ranging from the least probable, to most probable. 即使新訊息挑戰了人們的認同感 This is based not on human opinion or subjectivity 我們認知的一切 都只是可能性 but on concrete feedback responses from the natural world. 而且伴隨著經長時間的證明 And this point brings us to the scientific method. 能給社會帶來積極好處的現代分析方法 Nature itself, has its own set of rules 我們可通過螺旋式 滑進式的方法 and it doesn't have the capacity to recognize or care 按照可能性由底至高的排列 來衡量我們的理解和信念 about what you or anyone else wants to believe is true. 這不是基於人的主觀意見 Given this reality, it is in our best interest 而是根據自然界具體的回饋 to learn, and align with nature as best as we can. 而這一點帶領我們至科學方法 The best known method for the discovery and application 自然界本身有著自己的一套規則 of the laws of nature is termed: The Scientific Method. 它沒有能力去瞭解 或關心我們的信仰是否為真 The scientific method basically has three steps: 或關心我們的信仰是否為真 recognizing a new idea or problem that needs to be solved, 基於這一事實 我們的最佳利益 the use of logical reasoning to create a hypothesis 就是盡可能學習並順應自然 considering all information available, 用來發現和應用自然法則 and the testing of that hypothesis 最負盛名的方法被稱為:科學方法 in the physical world through observation. 科學方法基本上有3個步驟: The scientific method of inquiry is what has allowed the human species 1.認識到一個新的想法或需要解決的問題 to gain comprehension of themselves and the physical world. 2.用邏輯推理來創造一個假說 For better or for worse, it is what's behind virtually every advancement 3.把所有可用的訊息考慮進去 that has improved the lives of the human species. 在物質世界中通過觀察來驗證假設 However, most in our romanticized world still tend to 在物質世界中通過觀察來驗證假設 view science as a cold, heartless medium 人類能通過探尋式的科學方法 while citing distorted human value abominations 進而理解自身和物質世界 such as the atomic bomb in refutation of the scientific perspective. 無論是好是壞 幾乎每一個進步的背後 In reality, science and technology are only tools and like anything else 正是科學方法 改善了人類的生活 they can be used for productive or destructive purposes. 然而 在我們這個被浪漫化的世界裡 很多人仍傾向於 That is our choice. 認為科學是冰冷無情的工具 Dynamic Equilibrium 同時被扭曲為令人厭惡的事物 A dynamic equilibrium occurs when 比如將原子彈作為對科學前景的駁斥 two or more opposing processes proceed at the same rate. 事實上 科學和技術僅僅是工具 與任何其它事物一樣 There is an equilibrium that exists in the physical world which 可被用作生產或者毀滅的工具 dictates on some level what the possibilities are 那是我們的選擇 for those organisms that utilize the available resources for survival. 動態平衡 With respect to our planet, we would call this 動態平衡產生於 the "carrying capacity" of the Earth. 當兩個或以上相反作用的過程 以相同的速率進行之時 The human management of dynamic equilibrium on this planet 物質世界中在某層次上 存在一個平衡點 which is the most important initial variable regarding the 存在一個平衡點 在平衡點上 management of society itself can only come from first understanding 生物體有可能使用 可利用的資源而生存 what the carrying capacity of the Earth actually is. 對於地球來說 我們稱之為 The needs of the human population must be in balance 地球的承載能力 with resources of the planet. 這個星球上動態平衡的人類管理 That being said, let's now examine what we know 是最重要的初始變量 or can infer about the planetary resources available. 對於社會管理本身 只能起始於 The fundamental building blocks of society consist of the following: 理解"地球的承載能力"究竟是什麼 Energy; Industrial and technological raw materials 人口的需求必須與地球的資源平衡 Food, Air and Water. 人口的需求必須與地球的資源平衡 Energy is the cornerstone of society today. 綜上所述 現在讓我們檢視我們所知 It is one of the most critical factors to all social functionality. 或推斷出關於可用的行星資源 The age of oil and fossil fuels 構建社會的基石 應包括下列事項: along with all the resulting pollution, is coming to a close. 能源 工業和科技的原料 There is no reason to burn fossil fuels at all anymore 食物 空氣 淡水 other than the profit-orientated, vested interest 能源是當今社會的基石 that keeps new clean energy prospects at bay. 對於所有社會功能來說 這是最關鍵的要素之一 Remember, the last thing the energy industry wants is abundance 石油和石化燃料時代 for that translates into a loss of profit in the monetary system. 連同其產生的污染 即將徹底結束 One of the important sources of energy to recognize today 除了利潤導向 既得利益之外 is geothermal power. 沒有任何理由再去使用石化燃料 According to a 2006 MIT report, 以及抵制嶄新又乾淨的能源 about 2000 zettajoules of power is currently tappable worldwide. 記住 能源產業最不想看見的就是富足 The total energy consumption of all the countries on the planet 因在金融貨幣體系中 富足會轉變為利潤虧損 is only half of a zettajoule a year. 目前的認知中 其中一個重要的能源來源 This means about 4000 years of planetary power 是地熱發電 could be harnessed immediately, in this medium alone. 根據麻省理工學院2006年的一份報告: As far as wind energy, a 2005 Stanford University study 全球大概2000澤它焦耳的能量是目前可開發利用的 published in the journal of geophysical research found that 所有國家的能源消耗總和 if only 20% of the wind potential on the planet was harnessed 也不過0.5澤它焦耳而已 it would cover all of the world's energy needs. 這意味著光是這一項能源媒介 As far as solar energy 就有約四千年的行星能量可以立刻被利用 the sun's radiation striking the Earth's surface each year 至於風能 2005年史丹佛大學一份研究成果 is more than 10,000 times the world's annual energy usage. 發表在地球物理研究期刊 From simple photovoltaic panels 發現地球上只要有20%的潛在風能被發揮 that can capture energy into storage batteries for private use 就可滿足全球的能源需要 to full scale solar power plants 還有太陽能 new technology is constantly emerging 每年照射在地球表面的太陽幅射 which is vastly improving this potential. 超過世界每年能源使用量的一萬倍 Lesser known is tidal power 從簡單的太陽能光電板 which is derived from tidal shifts in the ocean. 可將太陽能轉存入蓄電池 或供私人使用 Installing turbines which capture this movement generates energy. 到完整規模的太陽能發電廠 In the United Kingdom, 42 sites are currently noted as available 新技術不斷湧現 forecasting that 34% of all the UK's energy 極大地提高這項能源的潛力 could come from tidal power alone. 較鮮為人知的是潮汐發電 However, more effectively, wave power 它出自海洋潮汐漲落 which extracts energy from the surface motions of the ocean 安裝渦輪機後 可通過潮汐運動產生能源 is estimated to have a global potential 英國目前有42個可用的潮汐發電站 of up to 80,000 terawatt hours a year. 預計在未來 英國有34%的能量 This means that 50% of the entire planet's energy usage 可來自於潮汐發電 could be produced from this single medium. 但更有效率的是波浪能 In view of all of these options 從海平面運動中擷取能量 energy is nothing but abundant on this planet. 估計每年全球的潛力 The only reason people today think it might be scarce 已高達80000太瓦小時 is because of the monetary system's strategic propensity 這意味著單單靠擷取波浪能 to create the scarcity. 就能提供全球一半的能量需求 The next question is: What about industrial raw materials? 綜上所述 地球上的能源無比豐富 Can the Earth's supply of raw physical materials 綜上所述 地球上的能源無比豐富 such as wood, iron, or aluminum and such 現今人們認為能源還可能匱乏的唯一原因 support the needs of the world's population? 就是因為金融貨幣體系 在策略上傾向於 Global mineral reserves are currently measured 創造匱乏 by commercial output production. 下個問題是 工業原料又如何? Sadly, this does not give a clear picture of what is actually available. 地球上原材料的供應 While some elements and minerals are vast and abundant 諸如木材 鐵 鋁等等 such as silicon, aluminum and iron 是否能夠支撐全世界人口的需要? others are seemingly growing scarce 全球礦藏儲量目前是按商業產出來衡量的 such as copper, lead, zinc, gold and silver. 是按商業產出來衡量的 As far as we know, there has never been a complete geological survey 可悲的是 這並沒有給出什麼才是實際可用的明確概念 of the Earth's minerals and elements, only regional ones. 儘管一些元素和礦物質是非常豐富的 This must be done in the future for us to have an understanding 如硅 鋁 鐵 of the dynamic equilibrium inherent. 其它的似乎越來越少 Regardless, there are basically three components 如銅 鉛 鋅 黃金 白銀 to understanding of the carrying capacity of the Earth: 據我們所知 從來就沒有對地球上的礦物和元素 knowing exactly what the Earth has 進行過徹底的地質勘查 只有區域性的勘查 as far as component elements and materials 為了讓我們能對固有的動態平衡有所瞭解 where technology is in regard to creating synthetic substitutions 未來我們必須作此調查 for certain elements and materials 跳開這點 有3個瞭解地球承載能力的基本過程: and how society organizes and manages its use of these resources. 有3個瞭解地球承載能力的基本過程: The first thing we need to do is 1.準確地瞭解地球有什麼元素和礦物 have a full survey of all of the planetary resources. 1.準確地瞭解地球有什麼元素和礦物 This will give us key information on how to proceed with our operations. 2.科技現階段的發展程度 以創造出特定元素 For example, if we have an acre of land that we want to grow food with 和物料的人工替代品 the first thing would be to test the soil 3.以及社會怎樣組織和管理這些資源的使用 to understand what type of propensities it has. 我們需要做的第一件事 This information would have a direct relationship to what can be grown. 是對全球的資源作出全面調查 This would illuminate the carrying capacity of the land, so to speak. 這將讓我們獲得如何開展運作的關鍵訊息 In regard to scarce materials 舉例來說 如果我們有一畝地想用於耕種糧食 finding substitutions is always an important pursuit. 要做的第一件事就是檢測土壤 Many scarce industrial materials today 以瞭解土壤的特質 now have synthetic counterparts 這個訊息將與我們能種什麼 直接相關 and the focus of scientific problem solving in this regard 也可以說這將刻畫出土地的負載能力 is very important. With this understood 至於匱乏的材料 we should realize that the scarcity of most raw materials 尋找替代物始終是重要工作 are only as relevant as the amount of work being invested 當今許多匱乏的工業材料 into finding a substitute or workaround. 都有了人工合成的替代物 More important than substitutes and workarounds 而在這方面 以科學方式解決問題 is the varied nature of the usage of our planetary resources. 是非常重要的 Production output today is staggering compared to the past. 有了上述理解 With the use of technology we are able to produce more 我們應該意識到大部分原料的匱乏 with far less people, faster than any other time in history. 只是與投入尋找替代物 However, due to the profit system 或變通方案的工作量有關 there are tons of manufacturers producing the same things 比起替代物或者變通方案 更重要的是 as they compete for market share. 我們對於行星資源利用的多變性質 As noted before, the world's people function within a monetary system 現今的產品產量是過去難以比擬的 that rewards scarcity, planned obsolescence 隨著科技的利用 我們能夠在生產中 waste, pollution and multiplicity. 節省更多的勞力 且生產速度空前 The true cause of scarcity on the planet 然而由於利潤體系本身 has less to do with the available resources 有大量的商家在生產同樣的東西 and more to do with our wasteful and exploitive modes of conduct. 同時競爭市場份額 Virtually no regard is given to conservation 如前所述 在這樣一個金融貨幣體系裡 世人的功能 or strategic use until it is too late. 都在獎勵著匱乏 計劃報廢 In a saner society, the raw materials of the planet would be assessed 浪費 污染 重複製造 industry would be organized as a whole 世界上造成匱乏的真正原因 to produce in relationship to what was available 與可利用的資源沒多大關係 and each item produced would be designed to last as long as possible 卻與我們浪費且剝削的行為模式更相關 causing reduced industrial output and hence resource preservation. 對於保護資源或策略性利用 Now, when it comes to food production and water preservation 沒有被給予關注 直至為時已晚 the same monetary system problems of pollution 在一個更健全的社會中 地球的原材料會被評估 cost-cutting processes and scarcity come into play. 產業應作為一個整體來組織 Water covers 70% of the Earth's surface. 去生產與可用資源相關的產品 Technological advancements such as desalinization processes 而產出的每樣東西 都會被設計為盡可能耐用 can make fresh drinking water 由此減少無謂的產業輸出 進而保存資源 both from sea water and even brackish sources using reverse osmosis. 現在 我們來談論糧食生產和水資源保護 This is yet another example of how technology is just as much a part 同樣是金融貨幣體系在作怪 造成污染 of resource management as resources themselves. 成本削減 以及匱乏 The idea that usable water is scarce is true only in relationship 水覆蓋了70%的地球表面 with the limited methods we are currently using, coupled of course 技術的進步 如海水淡化處理 with the gross industrial pollution that goes on daily. 能帶來乾淨的飲用水 Food production is also expanding within the technological spectrum 通過逆滲透技術 海水甚至各類鹹水都能淡化 creating vast new methods of cultivation. 這也是另外一種例子 說明了 科技如何像資源本身一樣 For instance, the Earth's surface is indeed being abused 像資源本身一樣 成為資源管理的一部分 with its precious topsoil being corrupted by indifferent agricultural methods. 那種認為缺乏可用水的說法 只有與目前使用的 According to some reports, we are losing topsoil at a rate of 1% a year. 有限方法關聯才算是對的 當然 還要加上 While the national academy of sciences has determined 與日俱增的嚴重工業污染 that the cropland in the US is being eroded at least 10 times faster 糧食生產也在科技所允許的範圍內擴大 than the time it takes for the lost soil to be replaced. 創造出大量的新栽培方法 Fortunately, scientists have devised a new form of soil-less agriculture 例如 地球表面確實被濫用 called hydroponics. 表土正被低劣的農業手段所破壞 This powerful new medium leaves a sea of options for the human population; 根據一些報告 我們正以每年1%的速度損失表土 for not only in compensating for the damage we have caused 同時 美國國家科學院認為 but also by expanding the possibility of when and where food can be grown. 美國的農田被侵蝕的速度 其損失的表土 With hydroponic agriculture we could theoretically 比起可被替換的速度 至少還快上10倍 grow food in the middle of the desert with proper irrigation 幸好科學家們創造了一種新的無土栽培農業 or by tapping down to the water table. 叫做水栽法 The bottom line is that food, air and water are only as scarce 這種強大的新方法為人類人口留下了廣大的選擇空間 as we decide they are. If we choose to become intelligent 不只是為了補償我們造成的損害 and strategic with our production and preservation methods 也擴展了我們能於何時何地種植食物的可能性 while taking full advantage of scientific inventions that maximize 在理論上 我們可以運用水栽法 our production capabilities, reducing waste and inefficiency 在沙漠中心種植食物 通過合適的灌溉 we can provide for the planet's people many times over. 或開發地下水位 The starving children of the world are not so because of a lack 關鍵是食物 空氣 淡水 of available food. It is their lack of purchasing power 只是我們所製造的人為匱乏 not scarcity, which causes the needless deaths of millions a year. 對於生產和保護方法 The Means for Social Evolution 如果我們作出聰明 有策略的選擇 In this section, we are going to consider more specifically 同時 充分利用科學發明 what it is we actually want and need in this world. 將生產力實現最大化 並減少浪費和低效率 What do we value in life? 我們可為全人類提供富足的生活 While there are many broad opinions in this regard 世界上挨餓的小孩 most people would prefer that they have: clean air and water 不是因為缺乏可用的食物 nutritious food, material abundance, fast clean and efficient transportation 真正的原因不在於資源的匱乏 而是缺乏購買力 a relevant education, public health care, the end of war 從而導致了每年數百萬人不必要的犧牲 an environment that enables us to constantly improve our abilities 社會發展的手段 human extensionality, reduced stress and reduced crime. 在這部分 我們將考慮得更為具體 We would consider these necessities and aspirations our goals. 在生活之中 我們到底看重什麼? With our basic goals denoted, we must then think about 我們生命的價值是什麼? the methods to be used in order to accomplish those goals. 就這一點而言 存在著很多廣泛的意見 Unequivocally, the scientific method is the most powerful tool we know. 大部分人會有以下選擇:清潔的空氣 用水 Observation, logic and testing have long since trumped 營養的食品 豐富的材料 快速乾淨和高效率的交通運輸 superstition, intuition and metaphysics. In the words of Karl Pearson: 相關的教育 公共醫療 結束戰爭 "There is no shortcut to truth, no way to gain knowledge 一個能使我們持續改善能力的環境 of the universe except through the gateway of the scientific method." 人類的延展 減少壓力和犯罪 The intelligent use of the methods of science is what has brought us 我們會在目標裡考慮這些必要性和期望 nearly everything that helps us in our daily lives. 伴隨著我們表明的基本目標 接下來 The application of science to social organization as a whole 我們必須思考實現那些目標的方法 is the next step in our evolution. 明確地說 科學方法是我們所知最有力的工具 Furthermore, to fully utilize the scientific method 觀察 邏輯 測試早已勝過 we will need physical tools that can make our material needs possible. 迷信 直覺 形而上學 These material tools come in the form of technology 卡爾·皮爾森(英國數學家)認為: from a simple hammer, to a high-tech, fully-automated production plant. "真理沒有捷徑 Technological invention continues to ease production methods 通往宇宙知識的唯一辦法 while also consistently making what was once deemed impossible, possible. 只有通過科學方法的大門" The history of technology has shown tremendous accelerating development. 科學方法的合理使用給我們帶來了 Coupled with the scientific methodof thought 幾乎每樣日常生活中 有助於我們的東西 the technological tools currently at our disposal have the ability 把科學應用至社會組織作為一個整體 to dramatically change humanity in ways 是我們發展的下一步 most would find too fantastic to be true. 此外 為了充分利用科學方法 For instance, if you showed a cellphone to a man from the 12th century, he would 我們需要實體工具 以使實現物質需求成為可能 probably be shocked beyond comprehension at the magical instrument. 這些實體性工具以科技的形式體現 Science and technology has continued to defy prior assumptions 從簡單的鎚子 到高科技 全自動的生產工廠 of possibility and will continue to do so. 技術發明持續改進生產方法 It can safely be assumed that whatever the future holds 並且也總是把曾經認為不可能的變為可能 from a technological standpoint, it will likely seem impossible 科技的歷史 已展示出巨大的加速發展 and ridiculous from the standpoint of today's understandings and methods. 伴隨著科學方法的理念 Now, coming back to our larger point : The three attributes 目前我們所掌握的技術工具 of personal and social evolution are thus: 有能力用難以置信的方法 our goals, the method of thought, and the tools to get it done. 極大地改變人類 We define our goals based on what we value. 比如 如果你向一個12世紀的人展示手機 We utilize the scientific method to solve problems and create hypotheses 他可能會為這個神奇工具而感到驚訝 並無法理解 and we harness technology to make the goal a reality. 科學和科技一直挑戰先前假設的可能性 Part 3: A Resource-Based Economy 並且仍將繼續下去 In this section we are going to address The Venus Project 我們可以有把握地推斷 無論未來有什麼 and its advocation of a new social system called 從一個科技的觀點看 以今日的理解和方法立足點來說 'A Resource-Based Economy'. 和方法立足點來說 未來的科技將可能看似不可能且荒謬 We will describe its basis in regard to industry and labor 現在 讓我們回到更為重要的一點 specifically discussing the role of technology and automation 個人和社會進化的三個屬性是這樣的: while isolating the five most important steps to achieving 我們的目標 思維的方法 以及實現它的工具 the most efficient and effective production methods possible. 我們以我們的價值觀來定義我們的目標 Then we will address the role of so- called government in this new system 我們運用科學的方法來解決問題 創造假說 explaining the arcane nature of the institution as it exists today 以及我們利用技術來實現目標 and how through the use of advanced decision-making methods 第三部分 資源導向型經濟 we will be able to remove the dangerous subjectivity 在這部分 我們要談及維納斯計劃 and self-interest currently at work; 及其主張的"資源導向型經濟"的新社會體系 and rather, we will arrive at decisions based on the scientific method 及其主張的"資源導向型經濟"的新社會體系 with the use of computer technology. 我們會介紹其對於產業和勞動的基礎 A Resource-Based Economy utilizes existing resources 特別討論技術和自動化所扮演的角色 rather than commerce. All goods and services are available without 分別談5個最重要的步驟 the use of currency, credit, barter or any other form of debt or servitude. 讓最具效率和最佳效果的生產方法成為可能 The aim of this new social design is to free humanity 然後我們會談及新體制中所謂"政府"的角色 from the repetitive, mundane and arbitrary occupational roles 解釋現存機構鮮為人知的本質 which hold no true relevance to social development 以及如何經由利用先進的決策方法 while encouraging a new incentive system that is focused on 讓我們能夠消除運作中的危險主觀性 self-fulfillment, education, social awareness and creativity 和利己觀念 as opposed to the shallow and self-centered goals of wealth 而且隨著電腦技術的應用 我們將更基於科學方法 property and power which are dominant today. 達成決策 The Venus Project recognizes that the Earth is abundant with resources 資源導向型經濟運用現存資源 and that our outdated methods of rationing resources 而不是商業 through monetary control are no longer relevant. 所有的可得物品和服務都不使用貨幣 In fact, they are very counter productive to our survival. 信用貸款 以物易物或是任何形式的負債或奴役 The monetary system was created thousands of years ago 這個新社會設計的目標 during periods of great scarcity. Its initial purpose was as a method 是把人類從重複 世俗 武斷的職業角色中解放出來 of distributing goods and services based on labor contributions. 那些職業與社會發展沒有真正的關聯 It is not at all related to our true capacity 同時鼓勵一種專注於自我實現 to produce goods and services on this planet. 教育 社會意識和創造性的新激勵制度 The bottom line is that physical survival and quality of life 取代主流的財富 資產 權力等 is based solely on our use, management 這些膚淺且以自我為中心的目標 and preservation of the Earth's resources. 維納斯計劃認為地球資源豐富 Now, with our ever-growing scientific ingenuity 而我們通過金融貨幣控制 to utilize those resources in the most humane 分配資源的過時方法已不再適用 technologically contructive and strategic ways 事實上 這非常不利於我們生存 the tradition of labor for money, and money for resources 金融貨幣體系建立於幾千年前 now has no legitimate basis. 在物品非常匱乏的時期 Industry and Labor 其最初目的 As expressed previously, statistics have shown that humans beings 是作為根據勞動貢獻 而分配物品和服務的方法 are increasingly being replaced by automated machines 與這個地球上生產物品 in the workforce, causing unemployment and hence 和服務的真實能力 毫無關係 a reduction in the purchasing power of the citizenry 說到底 生存與生活質量 slowing so-called economic growth. 純粹基於我們對地球資源的使用 管理 保護 Consequently, we are now seeing a deliberate stifling and withholding 純粹基於我們對地球資源的使用 管理 保護 of technological development for the sake of keeping people employed. 現在 隨著我們不斷增長的科學智慧 It is like having an electric drill available during a job, but instead 在技術上以最人道的方式 you use a manual drill because you want to get paid for more hours. 以及最具建設性和策略性的方式使用資源 It is nothing but absurd and irresponsible to slow and ignore 傳統意義上為錢而勞動 用錢獲得資源的概念 technological development, in order to preserve an outdated social system. 現在已沒有合理的基礎 We need a social design that focuses on maximizing 產業與勞工 our technological abilities, for the sake of freeing humanity 如前所述 統計顯示人類在勞力方面 from drudgery and increasing productivity to its highest potential. 正逐漸被自動化機器所取代 Anything less is really unacceptable. 造成失業以致減低居民的購買力 Now, for the sake of argument let’s completely forget about 造成失業以致減低居民的購買力 our current monetary-based social system 減緩所謂的經濟增長 and take a fresh look at modern industrial production methods 因此 我們現在看到的有意壓制 和阻撓科技發展的現象 as would be implemented in a Resource-Based Economy. 和阻撓科技發展的現象 就是為了保住人們就業 The question to consider is: How do we design a production system 這就像在工作時有電鑽可用 that maximizes high quality output, reduces waste 但是你卻使用手動鑽 只因為你想工時長一些 為了獲得更多的報酬 considers the dynamic equilibrium of the earth 這是荒謬和不負責任的行為 拖慢和漠視了科技的發展 and reduces repetitive and mechanical human labor? 拖慢和漠視了科技的發展 只是為了維持一種過時的社會制度 Based on the Scientific Method, here is how the logical reasoning 我們需要新社會設計 專注於最大化地 for industrial production methods would unfold: 提高技術能力 為了讓人類擺脫 Step 1: Survey the planetary resources. 枯燥的工作和提高生產力 使其發揮最大的潛能 Step 2: Decide on what needs to be produced, oriented by priority 如果不這樣做 實在是不能接受的 ranging from bare necessities such as food, water, shelter 為便於討論 讓我們徹底拋開 to utility-based production items such as raw materials 當前以金融貨幣為基礎的社會體系 automation machines and technological development 以全新的角度看待現代工業的生產方法 to production items used for non-utility based purposes 將會在資源導向型經濟中實現 such as entertainment media, radios, musical instruments, etc. 要考慮的問題是:我們如何設計一個生產系統 Step 3: Optimization of production methods 最大化高品質的產出 減少浪費 while maximizing the product's lifespan. 考慮地球的動態平衡 Step 4: Distribution methods for human access. 並減少重複機械化的人類勞動? Step 5: Optimized recycling 基於科學方法 圍繞工業生產方法的邏輯推理 就此展開: of the products that become outdated or inoperable. 圍繞工業生產方法的邏輯推理 就此展開: Step 1: Survey the planetary resources. As denoted before 第1步:統計調查地球上的資源 it is critical that we know what we have on this planet 第2步:決定需要生產什麼 for that translates into what the possibilities are. 從最起碼的必需品 如食物 用水 住房 With this information, industrial production is always adjusted 到基於實用的生產項目 如原材料 to compensate for any emerging scarcity 自動化機械設備和技術開發 along with the most mathematically appropriate raw material distribution 再到基於非實用目的的生產項目 based on availability and most relevant application. 如娛樂媒體 收音機 樂器等等 Any scarce resource is thus immediately addressed 第3步:優化生產方法 by seeking alternatives and substitutions. 同時最大限度地提高產品壽命 This awareness can be obtained by real-time electronic feedback 第4步:讓人類取得物資的分配方法 coming from all resource sectors of the planet 第5步:優先回收利用 fed into a central computer database that monitors any growing scarcity 過時和故障的產品 or problem. This idea of resource monitoring 第1步:統計調查地球上的資源 is not at all far fetched, even if it might sound complex. 如上所示 關鍵在於我們要瞭解地球上有什麼 This point will be addressed more so a little later in this presentation. 以及將其轉化為其它物品的可能性 Step 2: Decide on what production is required. 工業生產總是根據這些訊息而調整 What do we need? This is a very powerful question for 以補償任何出現的短缺 besides the obvious food, water and shelter 伴隨著數學上最合適的原材料分配 most people today have no idea what they really want or need; 根據其可用性和最相關的應用 for they have never been informed as to the true state of technology. 因此任何匱乏的資源 What we think we need is directly a result 立即透過尋找替代品和代用品解決 of the state of technological development. 這種覺察可以從即時的電子回饋中得到 Someone who has dust in his or her home might think 這些回饋來自地球上所有的資源部門 "I need a vacuum cleaner. " Are they sure? 提供至中央電腦資料庫 Perhaps what they actually need is a household pressure system 監測任何增加的匱乏或問題 that does not enable dust to enter or is equipped with 這種資源監測的構想 electrostatic air filters that eliminate what dust there is. 並非無稽之談 即使聽起來可能複雜 If we think very critically about what we think we need in a material sense 隨著稍後的介紹 這一點也可以解決 we can begin to see that needs are always in transition. 第2步:決定哪些生產是必需的 Science and technology are barometers of utilitarian human need; 我們需要什麼? 這是一個非常有力的問題 and therefore, all products made should be as advanced 因為除了必備的食物 用水 住所之外 as that period of time makes possible. Our current monetary system 當今的大多數人不知道他們真正想要或需要什麼 which generates wasteful, outdated products constantly 因為他們從來沒有被告知關於科技的真實狀態 just to keep the companies and the economy going 我們認為所需要的東西 does not have the ability or the desire 其實是科技發展狀況的直接結果 to produce the most advanced tools for our use. 某人家裡有灰塵了 他(她)可能會想: This is because the majority of the products produced today "我需要一個真空吸塵器" 可是他們確定嗎? would not exist if society focused 也許他們真正需要的是一個家用的壓力系統 on what would best serve the needs of society itself. 來防止灰塵進入室內 或裝備靜電空氣過濾器消除粉塵 Step 3: Optimization of production methods; maximizing product lifespan 或裝備靜電空氣過濾器消除粉塵 If I was going to build myself a desk, I would try to make sure 要是我們非常認真思考所需的物資 that desk would last as long as possible. That makes sense, right? 我們可以開始看到這些需求一直在轉變 If the desk breaks, that means I would have to build 科學技術是實用的人類需求晴雨表 another one at the cost of more labor. 因此 所有製造的產品 It would seem logical that everything produced in society 都應該如同該時代的可能水平一樣先進 would have the longest possible life span that is technically possible. 我們目前的金融貨幣體系 Sadly, the exact opposite occurs in our current system 會不斷產生浪費 產生過時的產品 for as previously discussed, the monetary system thrives 只為保持企業和經濟的持續增長 on multiplicity and planned obsolescence. 沒有能力或意願 Without it, the whole economy would collapse. 去生產供我們所用的最先進工具 In a saner world, we would make things that last. 如果社會聚焦在生產出 The optimization of production methods is about using 最能服務自身需求的產品 the most powerful materials and methods 目前生產的大部分垃圾產品將不復存在 while outputting the most long-lasting and effective products. 第3步:優化生產方法 將產品壽命的最大化 Furthermore, human labor is not only currently 要是我打算為自己做一張書桌 being replaced by machines because it is more cost effective 我會設法確保書桌經久耐用 這是合理的 對吧? in the profit system, machine labor is actually much better 要是書桌壞了 那意味著我必須再做一張 than human labor, and output statistics have shown this continually. 這要花費更多勞動 This, of course, should be of no surprise 這看似合乎邏輯:社會上生產的每樣東西 for a machine does not get tired and it is always more accurate 都會有技術上可行的最長可能壽命 and consistent than a human, mechanically. 可悲的是 這在我們現行的體系中恰恰相反 High-efficiency labor automation, coupled with 原因如前所述 金融貨幣體系的興旺 the scientifically managed resource abundance 在於重複製造和計劃報廢 will allow for a fluid, near scarcity-less environment 沒有這些 整個經濟將會崩潰 which could be operated by only a small fraction of the population. 在更健全的世界中 我們會製造經久耐用的東西 Step 4: Distribution methods for human access. 優化生產方法 意味著使用 Distribution methods would also depend on the state of technology. 最有效果的材料和方法 For instance, production could theoretically become so streamlined 並輸出最持久和有效的產品 that a product is only created when the request is actually made. 此外 人類勞動目前不僅是 Regardless, warehouse-like distribution centers 正在被機器取代 因為在利潤體系中 along with automated delivery, would be the most simplistic way for now. 它更具成本效益 而且機器勞動確實比人類勞動好很多 Also, since there is no money used in this system 比人類勞動好很多 輸出統計已不斷表明這點 there is little need for a person to hoard their items 這當然不奇怪 and there is also no reason for a person to steal something 因為機器不會勞累 在機械上 that is available to everyone, and they certainly couldn’t sell it. 它總是比人類更準確且一致 Also, in light of the fact that all goods in a Resource-Based Economy 高效率的勞動自動化 再加上 are designed to last as long as possible, the consumer culture values 科學管理的資源富足 that exist today would also be outgrown 將能實現流動順暢的 近乎無匱乏的環境 not to mention all the other value distortions 只需一小部份的人口就能運作 imposed by advertising today 第4步:讓人類取得物資的分配方法 which make people feel greedy, inferior or inept. 分配方式也將取決於技術狀況 Advertising would not exist in this new system 例如 生產在理論上可以變得如此高效率 outside of general product information available 即一個產品僅當有需求時才去製造 to a person who thinks they might need it. 無論如何 倉庫及配送中心 To obtain a product, a person would likely just go online 配上自動化送遞 在當前將是最簡單的方式 search for the item’s functionality, select the item and request it. 此外 由於在這個系統中不使用金錢 It would be available for pickup or delivery soon after. 絕少有人需要囤積物品 Step 5: Optimized recycling of the products 一個人也沒有理由去偷東西 that become outdated or inoperable. 東西可以提供給每個人 他們當然也不會拿去賣 This step actually begins at the production stage 同樣 鑒於如下事實:資源導向型經濟中的所有產品 for each product designed has had incorporated into it 都是被設計成盡可能耐用 所以當今的 the consideration of recycling. Nothing ever used in production 消費文化價值觀 將被超越 would be unsustainable, or unrecyclable in some way. 更別提當今被廣告 This is strategically considered to make sure that all older products 強化扭曲的其它價值觀 are reused to the maximum amount enabled by known methods 那些東西使人們貪婪 卑劣 笨拙 reducing waste. 除了一般的產品訊息 廣告不會存在於 Now, one of the more confusing and difficult components 這個新體系之中 這些訊息 for many to consider has to do with the deliberate focus 只提供給有需要的人 of using machines to replace human labor whenever possible. 要獲得一個產品 一個人很可能只是上網 The question is always, “Who will maintain the machines?” 搜索該物品的功能 選擇並申請 Machinery today is now being combined with computerization. 提貨或送遞都會很快 Essentially, the computer is the brain of the machine 第5步:優先回收淘汰的 and it instructs the machine what to do. 或有故障的產品 This combination of machine and computer intelligence 這一步其實開始於生產階段 could be termed "cybernation". 因為設計每個產品時 就已經將回收納入考慮之中 Cybernated machines today are probably the most powerful 就已經將回收納入考慮之中 and influential invention humanity has ever created. 用於生產的東西都是永續性的 The possibilities of these tools are on pace to changing 用於生產的東西都是永續性的 也可循環利用 the entire fabric of society, beginning first 這是策略上的考慮 以確保所有的舊產品重複使用 with the freeing of the human labor force. 最大限度用已知的方法 In the words of Albert Einstein, "Ultimate automation 減少浪費 will make our modern industry as primitive and outdated 現在更容易混淆和難以理解的一點是: as the stone age man looks to us today". 許多人認為 當使用機器去取代人類時 This reality is not something we should fight. 當使用機器去取代人類時 都必須要慎重考慮 We should embrace it emphatically. 問題一般是:"誰來維護機器?" Cybernation is the emancipation proclamation for humankind, 今天機械正在與電腦聯繫 freeing us from the drudgery of common labor 從本質上講 電腦是機器的大腦 opening new horizons for human creativity and exploration. 它指示機器做什麼 These cybernated machines far exceed the physical accuracy 機器和電腦智能的這種組合 and endurance of the human body, while also being able 可以稱為"電腦自動化控制" to compute at incredible rates, also far exceeding 現今電腦自動化控制的機器 可能是人類迄今為止最強大 the computational speed and capacity of the human brain. 以及最有影響力的發明創造 As far as application, the first step is to ensure 這些工具的可能性 將實現改變整個社會結構 that the cybernated machines we devise 將實現改變整個社會結構 這將從 are the highest quality components and programming. 解放人類的勞動力開始 In order to do this we would have to outgrow the monetary system 阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦說過:"終極自動化 for it perpetuates inferior products for the sake of cyclical consumption. 將使我們的現代工業看起來原始和過時 There is no reason why everything in your home 就像我們看石器時代的人一樣" from your refrigerator to your stove to your television to your computer 這個現實不需要我們去抗爭而得到 could not last your lifetime without physical repair. 只需要我們盡力去擁抱它 How can that be said with confidence? Because the best materials 電腦自動化控制是人類解放的宣言 available on this planet such as titanium, have sustainable properties 讓我們擺脫枯燥勞動 that far exceed the life of a person by thousands of years. 開闢了人類創造力和探索的新視野 The cybernated machines would not be bought and sold. 這些電腦自動化控制的機器遠遠超出了 They would be built and designed to last. 人體的精準性和耐力 同時還能夠 Not only would they have extreme durability and long lifespans 以驚人的速度來計算 these advanced machines will eventually be able to repair themselves. 也遠遠超過了人腦的運算速度和容量 In cars today, there are often warning lights on the dashboard 至於應用 首先 要確保我們設計的 that will alert you to a problem with a particular part of the car. 電腦自動化控制機器 This idea can be expanded in all machinery, to the degree where 是最高品質的元件和程式設計 not only is the machine's onboard computer aware of a problem 為了做到這一點 我們就必須擺脫金融貨幣體系 supplemental machines can be thereby directed 因其為了循環消費而不斷產出劣質產品 to replace the broken part in real time. 沒有理由禁止你家的 As fanciful as it may seem, self-repairing machines 冰箱 烤箱 電視 電腦及所有東西 structures and even circuits are growing realities. 終生經久耐用 而且無需物理上的修復 The problem is that the production of such efficiency 如何能有信心說這些話呢? 因為在這個星球上最好的材料 例如鈦 is not rewarded in the monetary system 因為在這個星球上最好的材料 例如鈦 性能可持續好幾千年 so most people in society have no idea of what is actually possible. 已遠遠超過了一個人的生命 Furthermore, the role humans will play within this automated system 電腦自動化控制的機器不是用於買賣 will be that of supervisors and nothing more. 它們的建造和設計將考慮耐用 Once a fully-integrated, autonomous, cybernated 它們不僅有極大的耐久性和極長的壽命 industrial system is set up, it is simply a matter of 這些先進的機器到最後還能進行自我修復 updating the system and making sure the system is in order. 當今的汽車上 常見儀表盤上的預警燈提醒你 As time moves forward, we can only expect that the rate 常見儀表盤上的預警燈提醒你 汽車的某個部件出了問題 of our technological capabilities will continue to increase 這個創意可運用到所有機械上 其程度 perfecting this system. 不僅僅是機載的電腦能察覺到問題 Now, while most people today recognize society's use 甚至能即時以備用零件 of machine automation in manufacturing and the like 直接替換受損的地方 many have a very difficult time seeing how automation can be applied 儘管看似不可思議 但自我修復的機器 to complex jobs such as doctors, architects and the like. 結構 甚至電路將逐漸成為現實 In order to consider this, we first have to ask ourselves 問題是如此富有效率的生產 what the true nature of our occupational roles really are. 在金融貨幣體系中得不到回報 What exactly is a doctor, a carpenter, a plumber or an architect? 因此社會上絕大多數人 不知道實際上什麼才是可能的 What are they actually doing? 此外 在這個自動化系統中 人類只可能扮演監控者的角色 They recognize and react to observed patterns. 人類只可能扮演監控者的角色 When a doctor examines you, all he or she is doing 一旦全面整合的 自主的 電腦自動化控制的 is mentally referencing what has been learned. 工業系統建立後 只需簡單地升級系統 If you go to a dermatologist because you think you might have cancer 只需簡單地升級系統 以及確保系統運行正常 on your arm, the doctor is going to examine the skin 隨著時間推移 我們只希望人類技術能力的進步速度 and mentally reference the patterns he or she has been taught. 技術能力的進步速度 能不斷提升 Then they might take a sample of the skin to be tested 完善這個系統 by machine analysis. 現在 儘管目前多數人認識到 It is a technical process. 機器自動化在製造業等領域的社會使用 There is no reason why, say, an optical scanner 許多人仍很難預見 自動化如何能應用到 connected to a computer database could not be invented 複雜的工作上 例如醫生 建築師之類 which could scan your arm and immediately understand what problem exists. 為了考慮這一點 我們首先要問自己: Even surgery, as sensitive as it may seem 我們的職業角色的本質到底是什麼? is a purely technical process. It is simply a matter of time 究竟什麼才算醫生 木匠 水管工人 建築師? before extremely advanced machines replace surgeons. 他們實際上做了什麼? The same goes for every other utilitarian occupation in existence. 答案:他們認知並回應觀察到的模式 And this brings us to a very critical realization, one that will have 當醫生對你進行檢查 他或她所做的 a very profound affect on our progress on this planet. 正是參照其所學的知識 The conscious delegation of decision-making to computers 假如你因為懷疑手臂上長了癌 而去看皮膚科醫生 is the next phase of social evolution. 醫生會檢查皮膚 The utilitarian roles that humans assume in society today 並參照其所學到的模式 are fundamentally technical by nature 然後他們會對皮膚採樣 並由儀器來分析檢測 while this seems obvious in regard to physical labor 並由儀器來分析檢測 our mental labor can now be delegated to computers as well. 這是個技術處理過程 If this sounds foreign to you, please note 例如 沒有理由去阻止 that if you have ever used a calculator 發明一台連接至電腦資料庫的光學掃瞄器 you have delegated your decision making to a machine. 該掃瞄器能夠掃瞄你的手臂 並馬上瞭解存在哪些問題 We must remember that logical reasoning 即使外科手術 看起來相當靈敏 which is our cognitive ability to think out solutions to problems 但其實只是一個純粹的技術處理 from a cause and effect standpoint, is entirely a technical process 先進的機器取代外科醫生 based on the amount of information we have at any one time. 先進的機器取代外科醫生 也只是時間問題 For example, if we have a problem with our car 現有的每一種其它實用職業莫不如此 we would go to a mechanic and he would use 這帶給我們非常重要的概念 將對我們 his pattern recognition abilities and associative memory 在這個星球上的進步 產生非常深刻的影響 to consider the possibilities that might have caused the problem 交由電腦去進行決策 along with the possibilities for solving the problem 是社會發展的下一階段 based on reasoning. It is an objective, technical process. 當今社會中 人類設想的實用角色 However, a mechanics human brain is only capable 基本上是技術性質的 of a certain amount of memory and intellectual processing power. 儘管這與體力勞動顯然有關 A modern programmed computer, on the other hand 但我們的腦力勞動現在同樣可以交給電腦 can store tremendously more data than a human 如果這對你來說很陌生 請注意 and can consistently and rapidly process information 如果你用過計算器的話 without getting lazy or tired. 你就已經在靠機器來決策了 For instance, let's assume we have programmed a computer 我們必須記住:邏輯推理 with the data set consisting of the car in question. 是我們想出問題解決辦法的認知能力 The computer has been programmed to know every component 從因果關係的立足點去推斷 這完全是一個技術過程 every weld, and every electronic pathway etc. , of that vehicle. 它基於我們在任何時刻擁有的訊息量 It has also been programmed with the application of physics 例如 如果我們的汽車出了問題 so that it can relate to the actual cause and effect functionality 我們會去找機械技師 他會利用 and operation of the car, not just its parts. 他既定的識別能力和聯想記憶 When the car is taken in for repair, the mechanic will simply go over 考慮到造成問題的各種可能 to his computer and input a description of the problem. 連同基於推理而來 用以解決問題的 He might input: "Left headlight not working." 各種可能性 The computer would then immediately present a list 這是一個客觀的技術處理過程 of all relevant issues related to the headlight 然而 機械技師的頭腦只具備 and then present a series of framed questions to the mechanic 一定的記憶容量和智力上的處理能力 which logically attempt to locate the cause of the problem. 另一方面 現代的程式化電腦 The computer might say, "Check the connection of cable 15B," 可以儲存遠比人腦更多的數據 and then show a diagram of where the component is located in the car. 並能持續快速處理訊息 If the mechanic finds that isn't the problem, he inputs 而不會偷懶或疲倦 that new information back into the computer and the computer 例如 假設我們在電腦上編入 which goes to the next logical possibility. 一些有關汽車組成的數據 The computer is really making the decisions. 該電腦已經過程式化 瞭解該車的每個元件 The mechanic is just orienting its focus, just like a calculator. 每一條焊縫 到每一條電氣線路等 The bottom line is that there is really no area of human operation 其物理應用也寫入了電腦程式 that can not be extremely perfected by delegating 因此 在功能和運作上 電腦可以與汽車實際關聯 decision-making processes to computer intelligence. 而不僅僅是汽車的零件 The fact is the only thing that now separates us from machines 當拿汽車去修理時 機械技師將只會檢視電腦 on a cognitive, utilitarian level 機械技師將只會檢視電腦 並輸入問題的描述 is our ability to create complex associations in our mind. 比如:左大頭燈失靈 No computer today has yet to respond effectively to being asked 電腦會立即列出一張與大頭燈 a complex question in the English language or any language. 所有相關的問題清單 It requires that the language be transformed into one 然後向機械技師提出一系列架構上的問答 that it is programmed to understand such as mathematics. 在邏輯上試圖找到故障的原因 However, new technological fields such as artificial intelligence 電腦或許會說:"檢查電纜15B的連接" are beginning to grow with incredible possibilities 隨即圖像顯示該部件在車上的具體位置 for this kind of awareness. 如果機械技師發現這不是問題的所在 In time, complex thought processes once thought 他返回輸入新的訊息到電腦 電腦將給出 could only be accomplished by the human mind 下一個合乎邏輯的可能性 will eventually be achieved by computers. 電腦確實在做決策 With this understood, we will now describe how this new possibility 機械師只是在調整其要點 就像在按計算器 of delegating labor and decision making to a multi-faceted 重點是任何領域的人類運作 highly efficient, computerized system, is what will constitute 都可以將決策過程 委派給電腦智能 the replacement of the institution we know of as traditional government. 委派給電腦智能 從而達到最完善的程度 In the words of Dr. Ralph Linton: 事實是 在對機器認知能力的實用水平上 "The tremendous and still accelerating development 現在唯一的分歧 of science and technology has not been accompanied 是我們在思想中創造複雜關聯的能力 by an equal development in social, economic, and political patterns. 今天還沒有電腦能用英語或其它語言 It is safe to predict that such social inventions 有效地回答複雜的問題 as modern-type Capitalism, Fascism, and Communism 它要求語言轉譯為 will be regarded as primitive experiments directed toward 電腦能夠理解的程式 如數學語言 the adjustment of modern society to modern methods." 不管怎樣 新科技領域如人工智能 First of all, government as we know it is a by-product 對於這類的認知正以令人難以置信的可能性成長 of environmental scarcity. They're really monetary system creations. 難以置信的可能性成長 Sadly due to the very nature of their power, 加以時日 曾經被認為 history is one constant chain of governmental corruption 只能由人腦來完成的複雜思維過程 from the genocidal slaughter of people in opposing nations 最終將由電腦實現 to the deliberate oppression of a country's own people 有了這個理解 我們現在將介紹新的可能性 in order to maintain the established order. 如何將勞動和決策 委派給多元化 Now, government decisions today are based on 高效率 電腦化的系統 self-interest just like the corporations. 這將替代我們所知的傳統政府 There will never be such a thing as an ethical government 拉爾夫·林頓博士(Dr. Ralph Linton)說過: as long as money can be used to influence "巨大且依然正在加速發展的 the decisions of political participants. 科學技術 並未帶來 When we understand that everything in regard to social organization 社會 經濟以及政治格局平等的發展 is a technical process, we then see that there is little reason 可以放心的說 諸如現代的資本主義 for traditional opinions in the solving of any problem. 法西斯主義 共產主義這樣的社會發明 If a person reads one page of a book and closes it 將被視為原始的實驗 he or she can easily have an opinion on that book as a whole. 朝向現代社會及現代方法的調整" If another reads the whole book, they might also have an opinion. 首先 政府如我們所知 是一個環境匱乏的副產品 Whose opinion would you value more? The person 是一個環境匱乏的副產品 who read the full book or the person who only read one page? 政府的確是金融貨幣體系的產物 In other words, the more information taken into account in the process 可悲的是 由於其權力的根本性質 of decision making, the more accurate that decision will be. 歷史是政府腐敗的持續循環 As discussed earlier, computers can now access 從敵對國家的種族滅絕屠殺 trillions of bits of information a second 到蓄意壓迫本國人民 across vast informational databases 以維持既定的秩序 and compute output results near the speed of light. 現今的政府決策 The transfer of decision making to computers 就像公司一樣是基於私利 is the next phase of social evolution. 只要金錢能被用來影響 It greatly reduces human error and removes dangerous biases, 政治參與者的決策 就將不會有 subjectivity and erroneous opinion. "清廉政府"這種東西 Because of the limitations of the sensory and cortical equipment 當我們明白 在社會組織方面的一切 in our body and mind, no one can know 是一個技術過程 我們將清楚知道 everything there is to know in the world. 傳統觀點在解決任何問題上並不合理 Our senses are limited in range. Our eyes can only see 比如一個人拿起一本書 讀了一頁就把書合上 a fraction of the electromagnetic field; 他或她可以很輕鬆地對整本書發表看法 therefore, it is a logical progression that we delegate decision making 如果另一人讀完了整本書 他們也可能有自己的看法 to machines, for they do not have these restrictions. 你會更重視誰的意見? Computers used as tools can and will be able 是讀完整本書的人 還是只讀了一頁的人? to solve problems which humans simply can not 換句話說 將越多的訊息考慮進決策過程中 due to our physical and mental limitations. 該決策將越準確 It is no different than a person who uses a pair glasses to see 如前所述 現在的電腦 or a calculator to do math. Glasses are a technological tool 可以在一秒鐘處理數兆位元的訊息 an extension of a human being that helps a person 利用巨大的訊息資料庫 see better than they would normally. 並以接近光速的速度計算輸出結果 Cybernated machines are nothing different; they are nothing more 轉交由電腦來決策 than extensional tools that expand our abilities. 是社會發展的下一階段 The human species has the powerful ability 這將大大減少人為錯誤 消除危險的偏見 to improve itself through technological invention 主觀性和錯誤的意見 and we must realize this and maximize its potential. 由於我們的身體感官 和大腦皮質的限制 In a Resource-Based Economy, people do not make decisions. 沒有人能知道世界上 They arrive at them through the use of advanced technological tools 未知的每樣東西 that incorporate the scientific method. 我們的感覺範圍有限 There is no Republican or liberal way to design an airplane. 我們的眼睛只能看到一小段的電磁波範圍 So why do we use these outdated world views to operate society today? 因此委由機器來決策 是一個合乎邏輯的進步 When we recognize society as a technological invention 因為機器沒有這些限制 with its component variables really no different 電腦可以用來作為工具 than the component variables of an airplane 將能夠解決人類由於身體和心理限制 we then see that our orientation towards so-called government 而完全無能為力的問題 should purely scientific. Politics is outdated 這與用一副眼鏡看東西 for its processes are largely subjective, highly influenced 或用一個計算器算數學 一樣道理 by money and virtually without scientific reference. 眼鏡是一種技術工具 Government and the concept of the State will eventually be outgrown 是人類能力的延伸 可以幫助人 entirely and replaced by an objective system 看得比平常更清楚 of global resource management and technological organization. 電腦自動化控制的機器也是一樣道理 它們只不過 Government thus becomes a cybernated system 比拓展人類能力的延伸工具更勝一籌 which is intimately combined with industry 人類有強大的能力改善自己 and is only responsible for the production and distribution of goods 通過技術發明 along with resource and environmental management. 我們必須認識到這點 並最大限度地發揮其潛力 Generally speaking, the components of this new system would be as follows: 在資源導向型經濟中 人們不"做出"決策 1. A central computerized database containing catalogs 人們通過採用包含科學方法的先進技術工具 of every known material and every known technical understanding. 從而"達成"決策 As noted previously, computers have the ability to catalog information 不存在以共和黨 或民主黨的方式來設計飛機 and logically compute it on a scale much larger than any human can. 那麼 為何我們仍用這些過時的世界觀來運作社會呢? As stated before, the most efficient decisions we can make 當我們把社會看作一種技術發明 are decisions that take into account all known relevant variables. 其組成的變量 Only computers will be able to handle the integration 將與飛機元件的變量一樣 of all known earthly knowledge and come up with decisions 如此我們將瞭解 對於所謂"政府"的定位 that would be logically based on the full known range of data. 應純粹科學化 Just as with our previous example of our car mechanic 政治是過時的 who had his tailored database program for solving mechanical problems 因為政治的主要過程存在大量主觀性 深受金錢的影響 this central computerized database contains all known knowledge 深受金錢的影響 而且實際上幾乎沒有任何科學依據 ranging from the properties, combinations and applications 政府和國家的概念 最終將完全被超越 of every element on the periodic table 並由一個全球性資源管理 to the complete known history of technological invention. 全球性資源管理和技術組織的客觀體系所取代 Once the associative system emerges which will allow computers to 政府因而成為一個電腦自動化控制系統 contextually cross-relate all the known disciplines 與產業系統密切結合 we will have at our grasp a tool of immeasurable possibilities 其唯一的職責是生產和分配產品 for the new method of problem solving and invention 並負責協調資源和環境管理 will be an interaction with this database program. 一般來說 這個新系統的組成部分會是如下: In fact, it will likely come in the form of a simple website on the internet. 1.一個整體電腦化資料庫 記錄所有已知材料的目錄 You would pose a problem or a question to the database 以及所有已知技術的認識 and it will give the best feedback that is possible 如前所述 電腦有能力進行訊息分類 based on the current state of knowledge at that period in time. 合乎邏輯地運算 其規模遠遠超過任何人的能力 It is no different than interfacing with a calculator 如前所述 我們所做出的最有效決策 but this new calculator has a powerful associative system 是把所有已知的相關變量考慮進去 and an extensive database of knowledge that 只有電腦才有能力 能夠處理整合所有已知知識 can not just understand and compute math. 能夠處理整合所有已知知識 並在邏輯上 it can integrate physics, biology, astronomy 基於所有已知的數據範圍達成決策 and every field of science into a concentrated tool. 就像之前汽車機械技師的例子 If this sounds like science fiction 他有訂製的資料庫程式 用以解決機械問題 you can rest assured that the US military's Pentagon 這個中央電腦資料庫 包含了所有已知知識 likely already has similar database and decision-making programs 涵蓋了從週期表上的每一個 which it uses for war strategies. 元素的屬性 組合 應用 However, in order for this system to be effective 到完整已知的科技發明史 it must also have real-time feedback input from the planet 一旦出現允許電腦把所有已知學科 in order to understand what resources we have 網絡性地關聯參照的聯合系統 so we can account for dynamic equilibrium. 我們將掌握擁有無限可能的工具 Therefore, the central computerized database would lock into an 因為解決問題的新方法和發明 earth-wide autonomic sensor system 都將與這個資料庫程式互動 with environmental sensors in all relevant areas of the planet 事實上 它很可能會以網際網路上簡單網站的方式出現 generating industrial electronic feedback regarding resources 你將故障或問題提交給資料庫 operations, and other environmental issues. 而它將會基於當下知識的狀態 This holistic system keeps track of all the resources on the planet 而盡可能給你最佳的回饋 while also monitoring the Earth for environmental disturbances 這跟計算器的操作界面相同 which humanity should be alerted to. 但這種新計算器具有強大的聯合系統 This will not happen overnight, but 具有一個龐大的知識資料庫 if we begin with constructing regional systems 不只能理解和計算數學 and over time interlink all the regional structures 它能夠將物理學 生物學 天文學 it could be created sooner than we think. 以及每一個科學領域整合至一個集中的工具內 The interaction of this sensor system will inform 如果這聽起來像科幻小說 the central database program of what is available and what is scarce 你可以放心 美國軍方的五角大樓 while the database will in turn, constantly adjust industrial methods 可能已經有類似的資料庫和決策方案 based around the dynamic equilibrium on the planet 只不過用於戰爭策略 along with improved technology. 不管如何 為使這一系統生效 Now, even with our understanding of the profound labor-relieving affect 它同樣必須具備從全球而來的即時回饋輸入 computerized automation will have on society 以瞭解我們有什麼樣的資源 when we finally decide to outgrow our scarcity-based monetary system 這樣我們才能掌握動態平衡 and focus on the maximization of technological invention 因此 中央電腦資料庫 將鎖定為一個 and abundance for all the world's people 全球性的自動感測系統 there will still, of course, be the necessity 在地球上所有相關地區配備環境感測器 for human technicians to work within the system, 對於資源 運轉和其它環境問題 updating it and overseeing its operations 作出產業電子回饋 We can consider them interdisciplinary teams. 這一整套系統追蹤記錄地球上所有的資源 Interdisciplinary teams of technicians 同時還監控著地球 以提示人類 oversee the system and help orient research projects 注意環境的干擾程度 to continue growth, efficiency, and social evolution. 這不會在一夜之間發生 In an optimized version of the system, no more than 5% 但如果我們開始建設區域性的系統 of the world's population would likely be needed to run the show. 同時逐步聯結所有區域的架構 The more optimized and powerful our technology and methods become 其建設時間會比想像中還短 the more that number decreases. 這個感測器系統的相互作用 They would simply work in scientific fields 會告知中央資料庫程序什麼可用 什麼匱乏 relevant to the functionality of society. 而該資料庫將依此不斷調整產業方式 Of course, many who hear this often ask: "What about democracy?" 基於地球上的動態平衡 "How do I participate in the system?" 和不斷改善的技術 "Do we elect the interdisciplinary teams?" 現在 即使我們深刻認識了電腦自動化 In a resource-based global economy, the traditional concept of politics 對解放人類勞動力的影響 elections and the like, has no relevance or basis. 當我們最終決定拋棄基於匱乏的金融貨幣體系 While this notion scares a lot of traditionally-minded people 並將重點放在技術發明最大化 it must be reiterated that our problems in life are technical 以及全球人民的富足上時 and are relative only to humanity as a whole. 當然 系統內仍有技術人員工作的必要 We must also face the fact that so called "democracy" in today's world 系統內仍有技術人員工作的必要 is a complete illusion. It always was. 更新和監督其運轉 People think they have choice in our current system 我們可以視其為跨學科團隊 because they can press a button on a voting machine 技術人員的跨學科團隊 and put some pre-selected person into power. 監督系統並協助研究計劃的定位 Once that person is in power, the public then has no say. 以繼續提升效率和社會進化 Did you vote for the space program? 在該系統的最佳化版本中 Did you vote for the cabinet of the new President? 可能只需要不到5%的世界總人口來操作這些工作 Did you vote for the tax cut? 我們的技術和方法越是優化強大 Did you vote for where highways or power grids go? 這個數字比例就會越小 Did you vote for the war in Iraq? No, you didn’t. 他們只需要在與社會功能相關的科學領域工作 The traditional concept of a “participatory democracy” is a cruel joke. 他們只需要在與社會功能相關的科學領域工作 The game has been used to give the public the 當然 許多聽到的人往往會問:"那民主呢?" illusion of control for countless generations, 我如何參與該系統? while the distorted monetary powers at the top 我們需要選舉跨學科團隊嗎? continue to do whatever they please. 在資源導向型全球經濟中 政治 There never was a true democracy in any country in history 選舉等傳統觀念 無關緊要 and there never will be 儘管這種新觀念嚇壞了許多抱有傳統觀念的人們 as long as the monetary system is in operation 必須重申 我們生活中的問題是技術性的 and scarcity is perpetuated. 而且在作為人類整體時才是相關的 So then, how would a person participate within a Resource-Based Economy? 我們還必須面對一個事實 當今世界所謂的"民主" Well, how would you define participation? 從來就是一個絕對的幻想 True participation in society would entail 人們認為在現行體系下 自己有選擇 understanding how society technically worked 因為他們可以在投票器按下按鈕 and then constructively proposing ideas or innovations 並賦予侯選人權力 to be implemented, created or altered. 不過一旦個人權力在握 公眾隨即喪失權力 The first thing a person would do is interact with the Central Database. 你給太空計劃投過票嗎? Which, as denoted before, would come in the form of an Internet web page 你為新總統內閣投過票嗎? that every person on the planet has access to. 你給減稅政策投過票嗎? They would then input their proposal. 你給修建公路或電網的地址投過票嗎? The Central Database, with its historical knowledge 你給伊拉克戰爭投過票嗎? 不 你沒有... and full integration of all scientific fields "參與式民主"這個傳統觀念 是一個殘酷的玩笑 would then analyze the concept for its scientific and technical integrity 是讓世世代代的大眾 . 陷入誤有主控權的幻想 along with optimizing the materials required if necessary 而位於頂端且已扭曲的金融貨幣掌權者 based on current understandings and availabilities. 依然繼續為所欲為 If the proposal is initially accepted by the Central Database 在歷史上 從來沒有一個國家擁有過真正的民主 after it examines it for its basic integrity 將來也不會有 it would either immediately be put into production 只要金融貨幣體系繼續運作 such as would be the case for a desired invention 且匱乏繼續存在的話... or it would be turned over to the interdisciplinary teams 因此 一個人應如何參與資源導向型經濟? that oversee the implementation of a new proposal 說到這 你將如何界定參與? and orient it into the system. 真正地參與社會 The person who submitted the proposal would then 則需要瞭解社會如何技術地運作 become a part of the interdisciplinary team relevant to the idea. 然後建設性地提出能夠被實行 . 創造 或改良的想法或發明 These teams would not be fixed 一個人要做的第一件事 就是參與中央資料庫的互動 but constantly revolving based on who wants to participate 如前所述 它會以網際網路上的網頁形式呈現 in a given field and what they have to contribute. 地球上的每個人都能訪問 This is a true election 然後 他們會輸入自己的提案 based on what a person has done, not what they say they will do. 中央資料庫則用所有已有的知識 Furthermore, the public's fear of traditional corruption 以及全面整合所有科學領域 will have little basis for there is no reward for it. 分析你所提出的想法是否科學 在科技上是否完備 The interdisciplinary teams do not get paid in any way . for their worldviews have been expanded 並優化所需的素材 如有必要 to realize that their reward is, in fact 還要基於目前的知識和可用性 the fruits of the society as a whole 要是提案通過了基本的完整性分析 and they contribute because it benefits them directly. 為中央資料庫初步採納後 While this might sound difficult for those 要麼會立即投入生產 who have been fully indoctrinated into the monetary-based reward system 如有必要 還要對所需的材料進行優化 and feel that money is the only incentive there is 要麼會移交給跨學科團隊 let it be known that every day, all over the world 來監督新提案的實施 millions of humans volunteer for the greater good. 使之融入系統 In a 1992-released Gallop poll, more than 50% of American adults 提交該提案的人 volunteered with no pay for social causes 便成為相關創意跨學科團隊的一員 at an average of 4.2 hours a week, for a total of 20.5 billion hours. . This is an incredible triumph for the collective human spirit. 這些團隊不會是固定的 For even with the sickness of narrow self-interest 而是不斷換人 這種變動基於哪些人想參與哪些特定領域 generated by the monetary system 以及他們能做的貢獻 humans still strive to help each other and give to society without reward. 這是真正的選舉 . 它基於一個人所做的 而不是統治者的命令 In the future, those who choose to work 此外 公眾對於傳統腐敗的恐懼 in the cybernated industrial system, will do so 將永遠消除 因工作無金錢利益可圖 because it is an honor to serve humanity. 跨學科團隊不拿任何薪酬 They will understand that it is in their self-interest 因為他們的世界觀已經拓展了 in the broadest way, to see to it 認識到他們的回報 that humanity lives and works together for the greater good. 其實就是整個社會的成果 The reward in a resource-based economy 他們樂於奉獻 因為他們直接因此受益 would be the continual improvement of society for all. 儘管這聽上去可能令人費解 So, participation is open to everyone 對於那些已完全被灌輸了 基於金融貨幣的報酬制度 because all issues are fundamentally recognized as technical. 而且覺得金錢是唯一誘因的人們 The degree to which a person contributes 但大家可知道:每天世界各地 is based simply on that person's education 都有千百萬名志願者 致力於更有益的事 and the ability to create and problem solve. 在1992年發佈的蓋洛普民意調查中 超過50%的美國成年人 This is why expanded relevant education is critical. 曾自願為社會公益而服務 In society today, the public is always kept uninformed 人均每週達4.2小時 總計達205億小時 and as dumbed down as possible. 這是集體人類精神一次難以置信的勝利 This way the government can maintain control. 即便金融貨幣體系造就了 In a resource-based economy, the goal of the educational system 狹隘自利之弊 is to produce the most intelligent and aware human beings as possible. 人類仍然努力幫助他人 並無償服務社會 Why? Because everyone then has a greater possibility of contributing . greatly affecting our collective social evolution for the better 在將來 選擇在電腦自動化控制的 and improving the lives of all. 工業系統中工作的人員 也會這樣志願工作 Now, due to the importance of this section 因為這是為人類服務的光榮 let's recap what we have discussed: 因為他們都明白 從最廣義上來看 Who makes the decisions in a resource-based economy? 這符合私利 No-one does. Decisions are arrived at 務使人類為了更大的益處而生活 以及協同工作 by the use of the scientific method, 資源導向型經濟中的回報 utilizing computers that gain realtime feedback from the environment 將是人人享有不斷的社會進步 along with a central, historical database 因此 參與是向所有人開放 of all known technical information 因為所有的問題 基本上被視為技術性質 and maintained by revolving interdisciplinary teams. 一個人奉獻的程度 The goal is to increase objective decision-making as much as possible 只基於其教育程度 and when we fully accept that our problems in life are actually technical 創造力以及解決問題的能力 the merit of this approach is without parallel. 這就是為什麼開展有關教育是關鍵的 In the end, the only real issues for society and natural world are: 在當今社會 公眾總是在不知覺的情況下 1. The production of goods and services that are equally available to all. 被盡可能低能化 2. Research projects and educational systems to expand our knowledge, 這樣 政府得以維持控制 understandings and applications; and 在資源導向型經濟中 教育系統的目標是: 3. The constant monitoring of the Earth's resources and atmosphere 盡可能培育出最具智慧 最具警覺的人類 for feedback and possible environmental problems. 為什麼呢? 因為每個人就會有做出更大貢獻的可能性 We could address true threats to humanity 為了所有人更佳的利益和改善生活 大大影響 such as unforeseen variables like tsunamis, earthquakes and disease. 我們集體和社會的進化 The only real problems in life are the problems 現在 由於對此部分的重要性 that are common to all humans. 讓我們回顧曾討論過的內容: Cities and Lifestyle 資源導向型經濟中該由誰來決策? In this section we are going to extend the tenets 不依靠任何人 其決策 of the Resource-Based Economy (RBE) 靠科學的方法來"達成" into one of our most fundamental social inventions: the city, 它利用從環境中獲得即時回饋的電腦 specifically, The Venus Project's circular city. 以及具備所有已知科技訊息的 We will also discuss how people's lifestyle will change 中央歷史資料庫 in a Resource-Based Economy (RBE), likely with values and goals 並由輪換的跨學科團隊來維護 that are profoundly different from what we see today. 目標是盡可能地增加客觀的決策 In a RBE, the cities are designed to be 當我們完全接受生活中存在的問題其實是技術性的時候 extremely flexible allowing for constant upgrades and changes. 這種方法的好處是無法比擬的 They are emergent, fully-integrated systems 最後 對於社會和自然世界 唯一真正的問題是: designed to evolve like a living organism. 1.物品和服務的生產 平等地提供給所有人 Jacque Fresco's innovative, multidimensional 2.研究項目和教育系統 擴展我們的知識 and circular city designs would use the most sophisticated resources 認知 應用 and construction techniques available. 3.地球資源和氣候的持續監控 However, it requires a fresh start. 目的是為了得到回饋 與瞭解可能的環境問題 Trying to fix our current cities 我們能處理對於人類真正的威脅 are not worth the time, material or effort. 例如海嘯 地震 疾病等不可預見的變數 It is much less problematic and effective to build newer cities 生活中唯一的真正問題 from the ground up, than to restore the old ones. 是所有人類共同面對的問題 The circular city permits the most efficient use of resources 城市和生活方式 travel techniques, and general functionality 在這部分 我們將資源導向型經濟的原則 with a minimum expenditure of energy. 我們將資源導向型經濟的原則 The geometrically elegant, circular arrangement 延伸到人類最根本的社會發明之一:城市 is designed to allow for the highest standard of living 具體而言 即維納斯計劃的環形城市 and the most productive, and efficient ways possible. 我們還將討論 在資源導向型經濟中 For instance, the outermost perimeter of the city 人們的生活方式將如何改變 其價值觀和目標 is for nature-oriented recreation, including lush gardens 在我們今天看來會是截然不同的 and parks for hiking and any other outdoor activity. 在資源導向型經濟中 The next inner section is the agricultural belt 城市設計得極具可塑性 可持續升級和改變 using outdoor and indoor agricultural methods 它們是全新的整合系統 so food can be grown all year round. 被設計成像有機體那樣不斷進化 Continuing in, eight green areas provide 雅克·法斯科創新且多維度 clean renewable energy sources for the entire city. 環型城市的設計 將運用最精妙的可用資源 While these energy sources would be region-specific 和建築技術 often these methods would include: geothermal, wind and solar 然而 如果從頭開始 while those cities close to water will extend to wave and tidal power. 嘗試修補現有城市 The largest of these green areas is also the residential belt. 於時間 材料 精力來說都得不償失 The residence are constructed by extrusion technology 與修復老舊的城市相比 從頭建造更新的城市 and other methods of high tech prefabrication. 可省去不少麻煩且更有效率 The days of bricks and wood being stuck together are no more. 環形城市允許以最低的能源消耗 Structures of the future will be near-solid units extruded as a whole. 最有效地運用資源 All homes and apartment complexes 運輸技術和一般功能 are also virtually self-contained systems. 幾何上優雅的環形安排 For instance, the outer surfaces of these new structures 是為了允許最高的生活水平 serve as photovoltaic generators 以及盡可能最具生產力和效率的方式 converting solar radiation directly into electricity. 例如 城市的最外圈 The homes are fire resistant, require little maintenance 用於自然休閒 包括花園 and are impervious to water and other environmental influences. 和用於遠足和任何其它戶外活動的公園 Moving in past the residential district, are education, science 再往內的一圈是農業帶 and research centers, along with production and distribution centers. 運用戶內和戶外農業方法 Automated inventory systems would integrate the distribution centers 因此糧食可全年種植 and manufacturing facilities in a highly coordinated and efficient way. 往裡面的8個綠意盎然區域 In the center of the city there is a large dome 為整個城市提供清潔的可再生能源 that contains the central cybernated system 而這些能源的來源 將會視區域的特色而定 which is the brain and nervous system of the entire city. 這些方式通常包括:地熱能 風能 太陽能 The core dome electrically controls and monitors 而那些靠海的城市 可開發海浪和潮汐發電 the production and distribution of products 綠化面積最大的區域是住宅區帶 while also controlling environmental factors within the system. 住宅由擠壓成型技術 For example, in regard to the agricultural belt 和其它高科技的預制方法建造 electronic probes monitor and maintain the soil conditions 磚木堆疊結構將成為歷史 including the water table, nutrient allocation, and other attributes. 未來的結構 將是整體擠壓成型的近固態構件 This method of environmental feedback 所有的院宅和公寓複合體 is applied to the entire city complex. 也幾乎是自給自足系統 This way, a balanced-load economy can be maintained 舉個例子 這些新結構的外部表面 with overruns and waste eliminated. 作為光電發電機 Waste recycling and other needs are located beneath the surface of the city 直接將太陽輻射轉化為電力 always utilizing the most advanced, and clean technology. 房屋都是防火的 幾乎不需要維修 Other city designs would include various land-city configurations: 也不受雨水 或其它環境因素的影響 total enclosure cities, along with cities in the sea. 從住宅區再往裡面移動 是教育 科學 Regardless, the cities on Earth in whatever form they take 研究中心 伴隨著生產和配送中心 are all tightly interconnected within a worldwide system. 自動化庫存系統將以高度協調和高效率的方式 Just as each city has a central organizational dome 將配送中心和生產設施整合在一起 which functions as the brain, along with its nervous system, 在城市中心有一個大圓頂 consisting of computerized, environmental monitoring 包含中央電腦自動化控制系統 via satellite and electronic probes, the larger world complex absorbs 那是整個城市的大腦和神經系統 each city and monitors the broad spectrum of the environment, 中央圓頂以電腦控制 making sure that there isn't a problem or material resource 並監控產品的生產和配送 needed in any of the individual cities while also regulating 同時也控制系統內的環境因素 larger order processes for all cities and the environment as a whole. 例如 對於農業帶 Lifestyle 電子探針監控並維護土壤條件 It's important to point out that in our current system 包括水位 養分配方和其它屬性 the traditional family is broken with both parents 這種環境回饋方法 having to work in order to survive. 運用到整個城市複合體 Monetary economics undermines family cohesion and childcare. 這樣可以維持一個負載均衡的經濟 Stress is always high due to medical bills, insurance, 消除了超支和浪費 education costs, employment insecurity and living costs. 廢物回收和其它需要 被置於城市表面之下 In a Resource-Based Economy (RBE), the integrity of the family will be returned. 並利用最先進且清潔的技術 Beyond that, the cultural values of society as a whole 其它城市設計包括各種陸地城市配置 would undergo profound change, 全封閉式的城市 還有海洋中的城市 with the monetary system outgrown and the world working together 這些地球上的城市 無論採取任何形式 to produce abundance for all the citizens of the planet. 都是在全球系統內緊密互聯的 Activities we appreciate will expand greatly 就像每個城市都有一個如同大腦功能的 for the amount of human freedom will be unlike anything we know today. 中央組織圓頂 連同其由神經系統 Consequently, one of the more in depth changes in lifestyle and values 即通過衛星 與電子探針所組成的 will be the way people think about property. 電腦化環境監控 這個更大的全球複合體 In most of the world today, property is a powerful concept 容納了每個城市 並監控著廣大的環境範圍 with people often associating their social status to what they own. 確保每一個城市都沒問題 或者出現 As stated before, the monetary system 材料資源匱乏 同時也為所有 requires cyclical consumption to function. 城市和整體環境 控管更大的秩序處理 This naturally leads to people being manipulated 生活方式 into thinking they want or need a particular good or service. 需要指出的重點是 在我們現今的體系中 With the powerful tactics of modern advertising, 傳統的家庭支離破碎 父母雙方 most in the world support an artificial, materialistic value system 為了生存都必須工作 that entails wanting more and more goods and services 金融貨幣經濟學破壞了家庭凝聚力和兒童照護 often regardless of the necessity or utility. 總是有巨大的壓力 比如醫療帳單 保險 In a Resource-Based Economy (RBE), the monetary system will no longer pollute 以及教育費用 就業無保障 生活開銷... the human mind via its manipulative arm: advertising. 在資源導向型經濟中 家庭的完整性將會復原 The endless sea of billboards, media commercials, magazines 除此之外 整體社會的文化價值 and the like, will no longer poison the landscape, or our perceptions. 將經歷深刻的變化 This will cause a dramatic shift in what we find important 隨著金融貨幣體系成為歷史 人類將齊心協力 and hence change our lifestyles. 為星球上的所有公民創造富足 More to the point, in a Resource-Based Economy (RBE) 我們所賞識的活動將大展鴻圖 there is no reason for property. 因為人類的自由度將會是我們現今難以想像的 Property is an outgrowth of scarcity. 因此 生活方式和價值觀之中更深的變化之一 People who had to work very hard 將會是人們對財產權的思考方式 to create or obtain a product or resource 在當今世界大多數地方 財產權是一個強力的概念 in turn, protected it because it had immense value 人們常常將社會地位 與所擁有的物質財富互相聯繫 relative to the labor entailed, along with the scarcity associated. 如前所述 金融貨幣體系 Property is not an American or a capitalist idea. 需要循環消費維持運作 It is a primitive mental perspective 這自然導致人們被操縱 generated from generations of scarcity. 認為自己想要 或需要某項物品或服務 People only claim ownership because it is a legal form of protection. 隨著現代廣告的強大策略 In a system of abundance without the need for money, 世界上大多數人支持造作 物質的價值體系 the idea of ownership becomes irrelevant. 這意味著他們想要越來越多的商品和服務 In this new system no-one owns anything; 而往往不管是否必要或者效用 instead, everyone has unrestricted access to everything. 在資源導向型經濟中 金融貨幣體系 將無法再使用廣告 Ownership is a massive burden; 來操縱以及污染人心 no longer will a person need to live in one place; 無窮無盡的廣告牌 媒體廣告 雜誌等 one could travel the world constantly. 將不再荼毒景觀或我們的認知 Anything needed is obtained without restriction. 我們的價值觀將因此引起戲劇性的轉變 There is no reason for abuse for there is nothing to gain. 從而改變我們的生活方式 You can't steal things that no-one owns and you certainly couldn't sell them. 更重要一點 在資源導向型經濟中 Household items would be obtained through central distribution in the cities 財產權的概念沒理由繼續存在 while recreational items are available on call or near the location of interest. 財產權是匱乏的產物 For example, if you go to a golf course you would select, on site, 人們要非常努力去工作 your clubs from the most effectively designed models available. 以求創造或獲得產品或資源 You use them and then you return them. 並保護好這些財產 因為相對於所需要的勞動而言 If you decide to keep the clubs, go ahead; that's your burden 財產具有極大的價值 這與匱乏是相關的 for why would a person want to transport, maintain 財產權並非美國人或資本家的想法 and store golf clubs, when they can always have access 而是由於世世代代的匱乏 to them and return them on site? 所造成的一種原始心理觀念 Our homes today are full of stuff that we hold on to 人們主張所有權 只因為是一種法律保護形式 because of the supposed value they maintain. 在一個富足的系統中 不需要金錢 This waste will no longer be needed. 所有權觀念變得無關緊要 In this economic model, the city, or in fact 在這個新體系中 沒有人擁有任何東西 the entire world is really your home. 而是每個人對任何產品 擁有無限的"使用權" If you require an automobile for whatever reason 所有權是一個巨大的負擔 the car is made available for you. 而新體系中 一個人不再需要住在一個地方 When you get to your destination 而是可以不斷周遊世界 the satellite-based driving system will automatically 需要的任何東西都可以不受限制地獲得 make the car available for others to use 沒有任何理由浪費 因為那沒有任何好處 as opposed to sitting in some parking lot, wasting space and time. 你不可能偷東西 因為產品不屬於任何人 更不可能賣了它 In society today, the need for property 居家用品將通過城市的集中配送獲得 results in extreme product overlap and redundant waste. 而娛樂項目隨叫隨到 或者附近有感興趣的場所 It is much more intelligent to create a universal shared system, 例如 如果你去一家高爾夫球場 for it dramatically reduces waste, redundancy 在現場選擇的球桿模型 均來自於最有效的設計 and increases space and efficiency. 你使用球桿 用完歸還 Human Behavior 如果你要保留這些球桿也行 但那將是你的負擔 In this section, we are going to discuss the issue of human behavior 一個遊客為什麼要去搬運 保養 and its relationship to the environment 保存高爾夫球桿? 特別是這些產品在現場 while also addressing the legal system and its extremely despotic 總是能隨用隨還? backwards basis for influencing human conduct. 現今的家庭總是堆滿各種雜物 Some people who consider the tenets of a Resource-Based Economy (RBE) 而我們保留它們的原因 是它們留存的"應有"價值 tend to think that the system would be difficult 而我們不再需要這些廢物 due to something called 'human nature'. 在資源導向型經濟模式下 城市 The argument is that humans are inherently competitive 以至於整個世界 都是你的家 greedy, and blindly self-serving 如果你需要用汽車 只要合乎常理 implying that no matter how technically good things are in society 汽車就供你驅使 there will always be corrupt people who want 當你到達目的地 to abuse others and seek dominance. 衛星導航系統 Human nature is defined as: the shared psychological attributes 將自動把汽車提供給他人使用 of humankind that are assumed to be shared by all human beings. 而不是停靠在某個停車場 浪費空間和時間 Therefore, the implication of the term is that certain psychological 在當今社會中 由於財產權的需要 hence, mental behaviors are in some way, hard-wired into a person. 導致了極大的產品重疊和冗餘的浪費 We are thus supposedly born with some preset 創建全球共享系統則要更理智得多 psychological inclinations. 因為它極大地減少浪費和重複 It is easy to see how this kind of assumption has manifest 增加空間和效率 for if you look at the historical record for the human species thus far 人類行為 we see an endless series of wars 在這部分 我們將要去討論人類行為 genocides, conquests and power abuses. 及其與環境關係的問題 Given that this is the pattern we recognize 同時也討論法律制度 以及其極度專制的問題 it is easy to assume that it must be some set human nature 和由此影響的人類行為潛在基礎 to behave in ways that are historically recurring. 有些人在考慮資源導向型經濟的原則時 Furthermore, so-called criminal behavior 傾向於認為由於所謂的"人性" has been a focus of psychologists for some time. 資源導向型經濟將會難以實現 Is it the responsibility of an individual's genetic make up 該論點是人類本性喜歡競爭 that makes them a so-called criminal, or is it the environment 貪婪 盲目的自私 in which they are raised that determines this? 這就意味著在社會中 無論在技術上如何美好的事物 This is the age-old question of nature versus nurture. 總是會被一些想要虐待他人 First, what exactly is criminal behavior? 和尋求權力的人渣所濫用 How do we qualify behavioral distinctions 人性被定義為:人類共同的心理特性 that have been invented by man and changed with time? 並被假定為是全人類所共有的 The entire concept of criminality is temporal 因此 這個詞的含義是"某種心理上" and relative to a culture's values and concepts of morality. 亦即心智上的行為是以某種方式烙印到個人之中 Only 600 years ago, certain indigenous cultures around Mexico 因此我們推測人類生來具有一些預設的 engaged in mass human sacrifice, often killing thousands at a time. 心理傾向 Was this criminal activity? To us, perhaps 這種推測的證據 顯而易見 but to them it was accepted social custom. 因為如果你看一下人類迄今為止的歷史紀錄 What about the generations and generations of accepted slavery? 我們看到層出不窮的戰爭 種族屠殺 Is a criminal someone who steals food 征服 權力濫用 in order to feed his or her starving family? 由於這就是目前認識到的侷限模式 The bottom line is that there is no concrete scientific evidence 因此很容易假設出 必定有某種設定好的人性 that really supports the notion that any of our behaviors 使歷史一再重演 are strictly the result of our genetics. 此外 所謂的犯罪行為 The notion of human nature is largely mythological. 一度是心理學家關注的焦點 It stems from primitive, religious dualities 是個體基因的組成 that the human is good or evil inherently. 使他們變成了所謂的罪犯嗎? 還是他們成長的 The pursuit of people who seek the gene or the like, 環境所決定的呢? which is supposedly the cause of a particular behavior 這是"先天性與後天性"的老問題 is essentially a form of superstition. 首先 究竟什麼是犯罪行為? It is like a person being possessed by demons which control their actions. 我們如何去界定那些 The fact is, while neurochemicals and physiological traits 人為發明的 因時而異的行為區別? set propensities for a person's reactions and social gravitation 犯罪的整個概念是暫時性的 it is the environment that really creates our values and behavior. 與文化價值和道德觀念相關 There is no fixed, predetermined 'human nature'. 僅僅600年前 墨西哥某些土著文化 Our values, methods and actions are developed 就從事著大規模的活人祭祀 往往是一次就祭殺數千人 and derived from experiences. 這是一種犯罪活動嗎? 對我們來說也許是 A Chinese baby, taken at birth and raised by a British family in England 但對他們而言 則是公認的社會習俗 will develop the language, dialect, mannerisms 那又怎樣看待數個世代以來的奴役? traditions and accent of the British culture. 偷食物的人是罪犯嗎? The bottom line is that our behavior is based upon what we learn, 他(她)只是為了家人不至於挨餓 這是犯罪嗎? coupled with the bio-social pressures that we must deal with 說到底 並沒有具體的科學證據 in order to survive. 去真正地支持這個概念 即我們的任何行為 As far as society today, the most fundamental condition 確實是由基因造成的 for offensive behavior is derived from the monetary system. 人性的概念很大程度上是虛構的 As expressed before, the monetary system perpetuates corruption, 它源於原始的 性本善性本惡的 stratification, scarcity, and insufficiency. 固有宗教二元性 So-called "decency" can not exist in a world of competition, 人們尋求基因之類的東西 wealth imbalance, poverty and deprivation. 來作為應該是某個特殊行為的原因這件事 The despotic behavior we see in the world today 從本質上來說就是一種迷信 is not the result of ingrained, genetic forces. 這就像一個人被惡魔附身 並被控制行為的謬論 It is essentially a result of years of scarcity and competition. 事實上 神經化學物質和生理特徵 The Legal System 給定了一個人的反應習性和社會傾向 In response to this, society today attempts to control people 但事實上 環境才是塑造我們價值觀和行為的真正因素 by way of threat, using laws. 沒有固定的 預定的"人性" Laws are nothing more than "patches" which do not address 我們的價值觀 思維方式和行為是從經驗中 the root causes of behavior. 發展和得到的 If a person is arrested for stealing 一個中國的嬰兒 在英格蘭的英國家庭中出生和成長 very little thought is given as to why 他將學會具有英國文化的語言 語調 that person chose to steal to begin with. 習慣 傳統 口音 Rather than consider the root causes 說到底我們的行為是基於我們所學到的 society today takes the easy way out 加上我們為了生存所必須應付的 and often removes the so-called “criminal” via prisons. 生物社會壓力 The source of any so-called crime is really society itself. 至於今天的社會 金融貨幣體系 There is no such thing as a “criminal”. 是目前引發出各種混亂行為的根本 As repeatedly expressed, the monetary system 如前所述 金融貨幣體系會延續腐敗 generates corruption by its very construct. 階級 匱乏 不足 As the Merva-Fowles study presented previously clearly shows 所謂的正直無法存在於 競爭 socially offensive behavior is directly related 貧富分化 貧窮和剝削的世界之中 to the socioeconomic circumstances. 當今世界上我們看到的專制行為 The great majority of people in prisons come from 並非根深蒂固的"基因力量"之結果 deprived socioeconomic positions. 它本質上是年復一年的匱乏和競爭的結果 Therefore, if we want to alter the behavior of people 法律制度 we have to alter the social conditions. 在這個問題上 當今社會試圖通過威脅使用法律的方式 We want to "design out" the flaws. 來控制民眾 We don't put up a sign that says "Speed Limit 55 mph" for safety. 法律不過是修修補補 沒有解決行為的根本原因 You design the system technically so safety is built in 沒有解決行為的根本原因 and human error is either greatly reduced or not an option. 如果一個人由於偷竊而被逮捕 If you don’t want a person to steal 很少有人首先考慮 you make what they need readily available to them 這個人為什麼會選擇偷竊 without the need for debt 社會沒有考慮根本原因 subservience or competition. 代之以簡單處理 With the progress of technology today, we have the ability 並常常把所謂的"罪犯"移交給監獄 to create a new social system that can allow all people access 任何所謂的犯罪 其根源正是社會自身 to the necessities of life without a price tag, debt or servitude. 根本就沒有"罪犯"這種事 This will have a profound effect on the way 正如一再表示的 金融貨幣體系 people treat each other and interact in society. 因其自身構造產生腐敗 A staggering drop in crime would be the result, 正如邁爾沃和福爾斯先前提出的研究(Merva-Fowles study) 清楚表明了 for most crimes are monetary related. 社會攻擊行為是直接與社會經濟的情況有關 Furthermore, for those crimes that might occur 直接與社會經濟的情況有關 such as a person who kills another out of jealousy 大多數在監獄服刑的人 they would not be treated as a criminal, but rather as a sick patient. 處於被剝削的社會經濟地位 Society will understand that people are products of their environment 因此 如果我們想要改變人們的行為 and rather than condemn the person to a cold concrete cell 我們必須改變社會環境 social scientists, psychologists and sociologists will heavily research 我們想要把缺陷"技術性剔除" the cultural causes that generated the killer’s behavior 我們無需掛出警示牌 寫著安全限速55英里 and consider those conditions that need to be altered 你技術性地設計這個系統 因此安全性是內建的 often through education. 並且人為錯誤大為減低 或根本不會發生 In Conclusion 如果你不想有人去偷竊 since antiquity, great religious and secular philosophers alike 你就確保隨時向他們提供生活所需 have constantly advocated peaceful, unified ideals for humanity. 而不是依靠債務 From Christianity to Hinduism, the idea of seeing others as yourself 臣服 競爭 is a long-standing disposition. 隨著現今科技的進步 我們有能力 Sadly, one glance at society today makes one wonder 去創建一個新的社會體系 讓所有人都能 why the idea of universally valuing and respecting 得到生活必需品 無需價格標籤 債務或奴役 your fellow human being, and working together, has never taken root. 這將對人們在社會相處和互動中 Today’s self-interested, money-oriented society 產生一個深遠的影響 creates an environment that refuses to allow 結果將是犯罪率會驚人地下降 for the universal caring and account of another. 因為大多數罪行與金錢有關 This system is based on the perpetuation of oneself 此外對於那些可能發生的犯罪 at the expense of others; 比如一個人出於嫉妒而殺害另一人 and therefore, it will never allow for a world of balance and harmony. 他們不會被視為罪犯 而是被當作病人 The fact is, it is time to stop praying 社會將明白 人類是環境的產物 stop wishing and stop blindly talking about our supposed 而不應該譴責他人 並將其送入牢房 humanistic and religious ideals and actually work to make them happen! 社會科學家 心理學家和社會學家會著重研究 A Resource-Based Economy (RBE) puts into practice everything 導致殺人行為的文化原因 the great religious and philosophic teachers have always talked about 並往往是通過教育 考慮那些 in regard to humans embracing each other as their own 需要改變的情況 and working together in mutual respect as a single human family. 最後: The use of science and The Scientific Method 自古以來 偉大的宗教聖賢和世俗先哲們 while often deemed cold and heartless, actually presents 不斷主張人類和平團結的思想 one of the most profound spiritual unfoldings we have ever seen. 從基督教到印度教 愛人如己的思想 While many people look with great awe and respect 由來已久 upon figures like Mother Teresa and her selfless nature, 可悲的是 看一眼當今社會就不得不反思: few tend to see Alexander Fleming, the man who discovered penicillin 為什麼普遍重視和尊敬 in the same romanticized way. 人類同伴 並共同合作的思想 卻從來沒有扎根過 Penicillin has saved countless more lives today 今天自私利己的 金錢導向的社會 than any charitable idea or organization. 創造了一種環境 即拒絕去考慮 The point is that science and technology are divinity in action. 對他人的普遍關愛 We cannot wait for some divine revelation 該體系是基於自身苟且殘喘 or some “great man” to guide us. 並以犧牲他人為代價 We must realize that we are on our own on this planet 因此它絕容不下一個均衡和睦的世界 and it is up to us to change the world for the better. 事實上 現在是時候停止 It is time we stopped pontificating and providing lip service 祈禱和空想 停止盲目地談論我們所想像的 to those spiritual values which religious and secular philosophers 人文和宗教理想 而是要實際工作 去實現大同世界! have been discussing for millennia, and finally put them into practice. 資源導向型經濟將聖賢和先哲的思想付諸實踐 Science is the tool for this functional spirituality, 先哲們總是談及人們 and if we work to apply its methods for the betterment 要相互擁抱 不分彼此 of civilization itself, we can reach 並像一家人一樣互相尊重 一起工作 the spiritual goals we have sought since antiquity. 科學的運用和科學方法 The Zeitgeist Movement Join us 往往被認為冷酷無情 www.zeitgeistmovement. com www.thevenusproject.com 但它們其實呈現出 前所未有的最深刻精神綻放 Subtitles have been made possible thanks to dotsub.com 儘管很多人都非常敬畏並尊重
B1 中級 中文 體系 社會 資源 經濟 金融 人類 時代精神運動:方向介紹 (The Zeitgeist Movement: Orientation Presentation) 2162 66 Benjamin Shih 發佈於 2021 年 01 月 14 日 更多分享 分享 收藏 回報 影片單字