she said, "Geoff, you watch the TED Talks."

她說，「傑夫，你有看過TED演講吧。」

I said, "Yes, honey, I love TED Talks."

我說，「有啊，寶貝，我很愛TED演講。」

She said, "You know, they're like, really smart, talented -- "

她說，「你知道嗎，他們就像，真的很聰明，很有才——。」

I said, "I know, I know." (Laughter)

我說，「我知道，我知道。」（笑聲）

She said, "They don't want, like, the angry black man."

她說，「他們不想看像是，氣呼呼的黑人。」

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

So I said, "No, I'm gonna be good, Honey,

所以我說，「不會，我會好好表現，寶貝。

I'm gonna be good. I am."

我會好好表現。我一定會。」

But I am angry. (Laughter)

但我的確很生氣（笑聲）

And the last time I looked, I'm --

上台前最後一次看看自己我還是看起來很生氣

(Applause)

（掌聲）

So this is why I'm excited but I'm angry.

我很興奮但生氣的原因是

This year, there are going to be millions of our children

今年我們會毫不必要地失去

that we're going to needlessly lose,

數百萬的孩子

that we could -- right now, we could save them all.

我們本來可以，就是現在我們本來可以拯救他們

You saw the quality of the educators who were here.

你們剛剛都看到了在這裡的教育家的品質

Do not tell me they could not reach those kids

不要告訴我他們不能伸手

and save them. I know they could.

拯救他們。我知道他們能

It is absolutely possible.

絕對可能

Why haven't we fixed this?

那為什麼我們還沒解決這個問題？

Those of us in education have held on to a business plan

我們這些教育界的人只堅持教育企劃案

that we don't care how many millions of young people fail,

卻不在乎有多少百萬的年輕人會失敗

we're going to continue to do the same thing that didn't work,

我們就是要繼續做這件沒有成效的事

and nobody is getting crazy about it -- right? --

也沒人真的會在乎，對吧？──

enough to say, "Enough is enough."

足以讓我們說，「受夠了！」

So here's a business plan that simply does not make any sense.

所以這就是沒有任何意義的教育企劃案

You know, I grew up in the inner city,

你知道，我生長在貧民區

and there were kids who were failing

56 年前當我第一次上學時

in schools 56 years ago when I first went to school,

那時學校已經有失敗的孩子

and those schools are still lousy today, 56 years later.

56 年之後，今天這些學校依然很爛

And you know something about a lousy school?

你知道爛學校是什麼樣嗎？

It's not like a bottle of wine.

它絕不像一瓶葡萄酒

Right? (Laughter)

對吧？（笑聲）

Where you say, like, '87 was like a good year, right?

對酒你會說像是87年份是好酒，是吧？

That's now how this thing -- I mean, every single year,

而現在這件事怎樣——我是說每年都一樣

it's still the same approach, right?

仍然是同樣的方式，對吧？

One size fits all, if you get it, fine, and if you don't,

標準尺碼，如果你穿的下，那很好但如果你穿不下

tough luck. Just tough luck.

算你倒霉。只能算你倒霉。

Why haven't we allowed innovation to happen?

為什麼我們不能創新？

Do not tell me we can't do better than this.

不要對我說我們不能比現在更好

Look, you go into a place that's failed kids for 50 years,

聽著，你到一所過去 50 年都失敗的學校

and you say, "So what's the plan?"

你說，「那，你有什麼計劃？」

And they say, "We'll, we're going to do

他們說，「我們會，我們要

what we did last year this year."

跟去年一樣。」

What kind of business model is that?

這是什麼經營模式？

Banks used to open and operate between 10 and 3.

以前銀行都只從上午十點開到下午三點

They operated 10 to 3. They were closed for lunch hour.

他們十點到三點營業他們還有午間休息

Now, who can bank between 10 and 3? The unemployed.

到底誰會在十點到三點間去銀行？無業遊民！

They don't need banks. They got no money in the banks.

他們不需要去銀行他們根本沒錢存銀行

Who created that business model? Right?

是誰創造了這樣的營運模式？對吧？

And it went on for decades.

而這居然持續了數十年

You know why? Because they didn't care.

你知道為什麼嗎？因為他們不在乎

It wasn't about the customers.

這與客戶無關

It was about bankers. They created something that worked for them.

這跟銀行家有關他們創造對自己有用的模式

How could you go to the bank

你在上班的時候

when you were at work? It didn't matter.

要怎麼去銀行？誰管你

And they don't care whether or not Geoff is upset

他們才不管傑夫會不會生氣

he can't go to the bank. Go find another bank.

反正他也不會去銀行讓他去找別間銀行吧

They all operate the same way. Right?

每間銀行都是同樣的模式。對吧？

Now, one day, some crazy banker had an idea.

直到有一天有個瘋狂銀行家有個想法

Maybe we should keep the bank open when people come home from work.

或許我們應該讓銀行開到大家下班以後

They might like that. What about a Saturday?

客戶應該會喜歡這點吧？那星期六呢？

What about introducing technology?

要不要引進科技？

Now look, I'm a technology fan, but I have to admit

你看喔，我是個科技迷，但我得承認

to you all I'm a little old.

我已經有點年紀了

So I was a little slow, and I did not trust technology,

所以我反應有點慢而且我也不太信任科技

and when they first came out with those new contraptions,

他們第一次引進這些新玩意的時候

these tellers that you put in a card and they give you money,

這些自動櫃員機讓你插一張卡就可以領錢

I was like, "There's no way that machine is going to count that money right.

我心想，「這些機器絕不可能算對錢。

I am never using that, right?"

我才不要用。對吧？」

So technology has changed. Things have changed.

所以科技進步了，情況不同了

Yet not in education. Why?

但教育卻依然一樣。為什麼？

Why is it that when we had rotary phones,

為什麼我們還在以老式電話時代

when we were having folks being crippled by polio,

還有人感染小兒麻痺變成瘸子的時代

that we were teaching

那些老方法

the same way then that we're doing right now?

來教導我們的孩子呢？

And if you come up with a plan to change things,

而且如果你提出一個計劃要改變事情

people consider you radical.

大家就覺得你很極端

They will say the worst things about you.

他們會以最壞的話來攻擊你

I said one day, well, look, if the science says --

我說有一天，嗯，聽好，如果科學說——

this is science, not me -- that our poorest children

這是科學的證據，不是我隨口說說——就是我們最貧窮的孩子

lose ground in the summertime --

會在暑假時嚴重落後——

You see where they are in June and say, okay, they're there.

你知道你在六月看到他們來學校你說很好，他們都

You look at them in September, they've gone down.

到了九月你再去看他們，他們都不見了

You say, whoo! So I heard about that in '75

你大叫，哇！所以我在75年聽到這現象

when I was at the Ed School at Harvard.

當時我在哈佛的教育學院

I said, "Oh, wow, this is an important study."

我說，「喔，哇，這是很重要的研究。」

Because it suggests we should do something.

因為這顯示我們該為之做點什麼

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

Every 10 years they reproduce the same study.

每隔十年他們就會提出同樣的研究報告

It says exactly the same thing:

總是說著同樣的事情

Poor kids lose ground in the summertime.

窮小孩到了夏天就落後了

The system decides you can't run schools in the summer.

教育體制決定你不能在夏天開學

You know, I always wonder, who makes up those rules?

你知道嗎我總是搞不懂是誰決定這個的

For years I went to -- Look, I went the Harvard Ed School.

憑我多年在——聽好，我上過哈佛教育學院

I thought I knew something.

我還以為我懂些什麼

They said it was the agrarian calendar, and people had —

他們說這是因為農民曆的關係且大家會——

but let me tell you why that doesn't make sense.

但讓我告訴你為什麼這沒道理

I never got that. I never got that,

我老是搞不懂，我永遠也搞不懂

because anyone knows if you farm,

因為如果你作農，每個人都知道

you don't plant crops in July and August.

你不會在七月八月的時候種作物

You plant them in the spring.

你在春天的時候種植

So who came up with this idea? Who owns it?

所以是誰想出這個點子？是誰？

Why did we ever do it?

為什麼我們會這麼做？

Well it just turns out in the 1840s we did have,

原來在1840年代，我們的確是

schools were open all year. They were open all year,

讓學校開一整年，一整年都要上課的

because we had a lot of folks who had to work all day.

因為那時候有很多人一整天都要工作

They didn't have any place for their kids to go.

他們沒地方讓孩子去

It was a perfect place to have schools.

所以學校變成完美的解決方法

So this is not something that is ordained

所以這不是教育之神

from the education gods.

一開始就規定的事

So why don't we? Why don't we?

所以為什麼不能開一整年？為什麼不可以？

Because our business has refused to use science.

因為我們這一行不想運用科學

Science. You have Bill Gates coming out and saying,

科學。你聽到比爾蓋茲剛剛上台說了

"Look, this works, right? We can do this."

「聽好，這會成功，對吧！我們可以做。」

How many places in America are going to change? None.

美國有多少地方會因此而改變？沒有地方。

None. Okay, yeah, there are two. All right?

沒有地方。好啦，是啦！有兩個地方會。好吧？

Yes, there'll be some place, because some folks will do the right thing.

是的，會有一些地方會改變因為那裡的人會做正確的事

As a profession, we have to stop this. The science is clear.

我們身為專業人應該停止這件事科學研究很清楚

Here's what we know.

以下是我們知道的

We know that the problem begins immediately.

我們知道這問題從出生就開始

Right? This idea, zero to three.

是吧？這個想法，零到三歲的教育

My wife, Yvonne, and I, we have four kids,

我太太怡芳和我，我們有四個孩子

three grown ones and a 15-year-old.

三個已成人，一個十五歲

That's a longer story.

這個故事要講更久

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

With our first kids, we did not know the science

我們生第一胎時不知道科學

about brain development.

對腦部發展的研究

We didn't know how critical those first three years were.

我們不知道前三年是重要關鍵

We didn't know what was happening in those young brains.

我們不知道那些小腦袋裡發生什麼事

We didn't know the role that language,

我們不知道語言的角色

a stimulus and response, call and response,

刺激及反應，呼喊及迴響

how important that was in developing those children.

這些對小孩子的發展有多重要

We know that now. What are we doing about it? Nothing.

我們現在知道了那我們做了什麼嗎？什麼都沒有

Wealthy people know. Educated people know.

有錢人知道這些，受過教育的人知道

And their kids have an advantage.

這些人的孩子因此有了優勢

Poor people don't know,

窮人卻不知道

and we're not doing anything to help them at all.

而我們也沒有做任何事幫助他們瞭解

But we know this is critical.

但我們知道這很關鍵

Now, you take pre-kindergarten.

現在你會送小孩去幼稚園

We know it's important for kids.

我們知道那對小孩很重要

Poor kids need that experience.

窮人家的小孩需要那種經驗

Nope. Lots of places, it doesn't exist.

沒有。很多地方都沒有這東西

We know health services matter.

我們知道健保很重要

You know, we provide health services

你知道，我們提供健保

and people are always fussing at me about, you know,

大家總是對我吵來吵去，你知道

because I'm all into accountability and data

因為我是負責人又有資料

and all of that good stuff, but we do health services,

還有那些好東西，但我們有提供健保

and I have to raise a lot of money.

而我得去募很多錢

People used to say when they'd come fund us,

以前大家在資助我們時都會這樣說

"Geoff, why do you provide these health services?"

「傑夫，你為什麼要提供健保？」

I used to make stuff up. Right?

我常常要編一些理由。是吧

I'd say, "Well, you know a child

我會說，「呃，你知道一個孩子

who has cavities is not going to, uh,

有蛀牙的話就，呃，

be able to study as well."

學習效果不好。」

And I had to because I had to raise the money.

而我一定要胡扯，因為我得募款

But now I'm older, and you know what I tell them?

但現在我老了點你知道我會跟他們說什麼嗎？

You know why I provide kids with those health benefits

你知道我為什麼要提供健保給孩子？

and the sports and the recreation and the arts?

還有育樂、藝術活動嗎？

Because I actually like kids.

因為我真的很喜歡小孩

I actually like kids. (Laughter) (Applause)

我是真的喜歡小孩（笑聲）（鼓掌）

But when they really get pushy, people really get pushy,

但當他們一直逼問一定要逼出一個答案

I say, "I do it because you do it for your kid."

我就會說，「我做是因為你也替你的孩子保了。」

And you've never read a study from MIT that says

你絕不會讀到麻省理工的研究說

giving your kid dance instruction

讓你的孩子上跳舞課

is going to help them do algebra better,

可以幫助他們學代數學得更好

but you will give that kid dance instruction,

但你還是會讓孩子上跳舞課

and you will be thrilled that that kid wants to do dance instruction,

你也會很驚訝地發現孩子想要上跳舞課

and it will make your day. And why shouldn't poor kids

那會讓你一整天都很開心那為什麼窮人家的小孩

have the same opportunity? It's the floor for these children.

不能也有相同的機會？這是那些孩子們的基礎

(Applause)

（掌聲）

So here's the other thing.

那麼還有另外一件事

I'm a tester guy. I believe you need data, you need information,

我是個喜歡測驗的人我相信你需要數據，你需要資料

because you work at something, you think it's working,

因為如果你正在做某計畫而你認為這會成功

and you find out it's not working.

而你發現其實並不成功

I mean, you're educators. You work, you say,

我是說，你們是教育家你教小孩，你說

you think you've got it, great, no? And you find out they didn't get it.

你認為你教成功了，好棒！其實不然？你發現孩子們就是不懂

But here's the problem with testing.

但這是學力評估測驗的問題

The testing that we do --

我們作測驗的時間

we're going to have our test in New York next week —

我們下週即將在紐約作學力測驗

is in April.

通常在四月

You know when we're going to get the results back?

你知道你什麼時候才會拿到結果？

Maybe July, maybe June.

可能是七月。可能是六月

And the results have great data.

而且這結果有很棒的資料

They'll tell you Raheem really struggled,

資料上會告訴你小明真的有困難學習

couldn't do two-digit multiplication -- so great data,

不會做兩位數乘法——好棒的資料

but you're getting it back after school is over.

但你拿到這資料的時候學年已經結束了

And so, what do you do?

所以你會怎麼做？

You go on vacation. (Laughter)

放假去也！（笑聲）

You come back from vacation.

等你從假期回來

Now you've got all of this test data from last year.

現在你拿到的測驗結果都是上學年的了

You don't look at it.

你看都不看一眼

Why would you look at it?

何必要看？

You're going to go and teach this year.

你已經去教新學年的班了

So how much money did we just spend on all of that?

所以我們到底花了多少錢在這些測驗上？

Billions and billions of dollars

幾十億美金

for data that it's too late to use.

在那些來得太晚無用的資料上

I need that data in September.

我九月就需要那項資料

I need that data in November.

我十一月就需要那項資料

I need to know you're struggling, and I need to know

我必須知道你在努力掙扎我必須知道

whether or not what I did corrected that.

我到底有沒有幫助到你

I need to know that this week.

我這星期就該知道

I don't need to know that at the end of the year when it's too late.

我不要在學年末，當一切都太遲的時後才知道這些事

Because in my older years, I've become somewhat of a clairvoyant.

因為過去的經驗我已經變成像個千里眼

I can predict school scores.

我可以預測學校評分

You take me to any school.

你帶我去任何一所學校

I'm really good at inner city schools that are struggling.

我對那些位於貧民區還在掙扎的學校特別準

And you tell me last year 48 percent of those kids

你告訴我去年有48％的孩童

were on grade level.

都能及格升級

And I say, "Okay, what's the plan, what did we do

我會說，「好，那計劃是什麼？我們從去年到今年

from last year to this year?"

做了些什麼？」

You say, "We're doing the same thing."

你說，「我們依樣畫葫蘆。」

I'm going to make a prediction. (Laughter)

我現在就要掐指算算（笑聲）

This year, somewhere between 44

今年，大約有44％

and 52 percent of those kids will be on grade level.

到52％的學童會及格升級

And I will be right every single time.

So we're spending all of this money, but we're getting what?

所以我們花了這麼多錢，得到了什麼？

Teachers need real information right now

教師現在就需要到底他們的學童

about what's happening to their kids.

表現如何的真實資料

The high stakes is today, because you can do something about it.

今天就該做高風險學力測驗因為你還來的及做些什麼

So here's the other issue that I just think

那麼還有另一個我真的覺得

we've got to be concerned about.

我們必須關注的問題

We can't stifle innovation in our business.

我們不能在這行裡扼殺創新

We have to innovate. And people in our business get mad about innovation.

我們必須創新。而我們這行的人對創新總是氣的不得了

They get angry if you do something different.

如果你做些不一樣的事他們會生氣

If you try something new, people are always like,

如果你嘗試新東西，大家總是像這樣

"Ooh, charter schools." Hey, let's try some stuff. Let's see.

「喔，特許學校。」嘿！來試試這個吧。來看看會怎樣。

This stuff hasn't worked for 55 years.

這個東西過去55年沒有成功過

Let's try something different. And here's the rub.

讓我們試試別的。但實情是這樣