a request by Feresque -- Feresser? I hope I'm saying it right. Sorry about that. It

來自Feresque -- Feresser的一個請求，希望我沒說錯你的名字，抱歉。

was in the comments section of www.engvid.com. Please leave questions and comments and requests

這個請求出現在EngVid的意見欄。歡迎留下你的問題、意見與請求

and we'll do our best to get them for you. So the request was: the difference between "all" and "whole".

我們會盡力回答你所有疑惑。所以這次的問題是：all 和 whole 的差別

Now, the reason I also chose this lesson is because this is a very

好，我會選擇教這一課，是因為這是學生非常

common mistake that students make. They mix these two up all the time. They have very

容易犯的錯誤，他們總是把這兩個搞混，這兩個字

specific roles in situations. We're going to look at them today.

在不同情形下有不同用法，我們今天就要好好解析它們

The first and most important thing to remember about "all" versus "whole" is where to put

想要記住 all及 whole 的差異，第一點也是最重要的一點是，它們對於

the definite article "the". So it's always "all the" whatever you're talking about,

定冠詞「the」放的位置不一樣 。所以不論講什麼，順序都是「all the」

"the whole" whatever you're talking about, so always "the" after "all", "the" before "whole". Now,

不論講什麼，順序都是「the whole」，the 要放在 all 後面，the 要放在 whole 前面，

they sound a little bit similar, "all", "whole", but not. Right? So be careful about pronunciation.

雖然它們聽起來有點類似，all 和 whole，但其實不一樣，對吧？所以要多注意發音

Sometimes people might think you're mixing them up just because of pronunciation:

有時候大家會因為你的發音而認為你把這兩個字搞混了，

"all", "whole". Make sure you get that "H" sound and that "O" sound together.

「all」、「whole」，要確認你有將 H 的音和 O 的音一起發出來

Now, what's the difference between "all" and "whole"? "All", you're talking about "everything".

那 all 和 whole 的差別是什麼呢？ 「All」代表你是指「所有東西」

Whatever it is you're talking about, you're talking about all of it, basically: everything,

不論你說的是什麼，你講的就是指它的全部，可以說是：所有東西

one, etc. When you're talking about "whole", you're talking about a "complete" something:

或唯一，等等。當你說到「whole」時，你是指一個「完整的」某物：

a complete package, a complete group, a complete container of something, right? Whatever it

一整包、一整群、一個完整的某物容器，不論

is you're talking about, it has to be complete, right? It has pieces inside, and then the

你說的是什麼，它必須是完整的，了解嗎？它裡面是一部分一部分組成，the

whole is the complete collection of whatever it is you're talking about, whereas "all"

whole 是你所說那樣東西的完整的集合體，而「all」

is just everything that's involved with that noun, etc. So I'm going to give you a very

是指那個名詞所包含的所有東西。我來給你們一個非常

quick example: You're sitting -- your friend went on a trip out of town. He had to take

快速的例子：你正坐著 -- 你的朋友到城外旅遊，他必須搭

the bus for two hours to his friend's house in Montreal, let's say. He comes back. You

兩個小時的巴士，到蒙特婁的朋友家，舉這個例子，他現在回來了，你

ask him "How was the trip?", and he goes, "Oh, my God, there was a baby on the bus,

問他「旅途如何啊？」，他說「天哪，巴士上有一個嬰兒，

and the baby cried all the time." But if he said, "The baby cried the whole time", do

嬰兒一直在哭(cried all the time)」但如果他是說「The baby cried the whole time」

you think that it's a different meaning? Usually people will understand the same thing, but

你覺得意思有不一樣嗎？通常大家都會理解成同一個意思，但是

technically, "all the time" doesn't mean two hours crying. It means "cried, stopped, cried,

實際上，「all the time」不代表哭了兩個小時，它的意思是「哭一下，停一下，哭一下，

stopped, cried, stopped." It seemed like he was crying throughout the trip, okay? But

停一下，再哭一下，再停一下」感覺就像是他整趟旅途都在哭，有理解嗎？但是

if somebody said, "The baby cried the whole time", I understand "two hours, baby crying,

如果有人說「The baby cried the whole time」，我的理解是「兩小時，嬰兒一直在哭，

wah, wah, wah, two hours." It could drive a person crazy. "All the time" -- he cried

哇、哇、哇了兩個小時」那使人發瘋。「All the time」-- 他哭了

enough times that it seemed like a long time. "The whole time" means for two hours straight,

一段時間，讓人感覺是一段很長的時間；「The whole time」代表整整兩個小時，

non-stop. Okay. So that's a big difference between "all" and "whole", okay? "The whole

不間斷地哭。好，所以這是 all 和 whole 一個很大的不同，有了解嗎？「The whole

time", I'm talking about the specific duration, the complete journey, two hours. "All the

time」我說的是一個特定期間，整段旅程，兩小時。「All the

time" - always: always crying, stopping. Always crying, stopping, crying, stopping, crying,

time」- 一直：一直哭，停一下，一直哭，停一下，一直哭，停一下，再一直哭，

stopping. Not very much fun. But, "I studied all day" -- I have a test tomorrow; I studied

再停一下，不太有趣。而「I studied all day」-- 我明天有個考試，「I studied

all day. "I studied the whole day." In this case, I would understand the exact same thing

all day」「I studied the whole day.」以這個例子來說，我也會理解成同一個意思

as well. You can switch these two. But "all day" means, "I studied. I took a break. I

你可以把這兩個詞交換，但「all day」的意思是「我讀一下書，休息一下，再讀書，

studied. I didn't do anything else -- only studied today." But "I studied the whole day"

我沒做其他的事，今天只有讀書這件事」但是「I studied the whole day」

means "I sat at my desk, and I studied; I didn't stop." So that's one of the big differences

代表「我坐在書桌前，讀書，不間斷地讀」，所以那是 all 和 whole

between "all" and "whole". "Whole" we're talking about time, non-stop, continuous. "All" means

最大的一個差別。「Whole」是指期間，不間斷，連續的。「All」意思是

in that day, many times, and that's basically -- you did -- that's the one activity that

在那天，有很多次，那基本上是你在那天唯一做的事

you did, okay? So this is one aspect of "all" and "whole". "The" and duration, like, "always"

有理解嗎？所以這是 all 和 whole 的差別，「The」的位置和期間的不同，像是「一直」

and the "complete" time of whatever it is you're talking about. We're going to look

和你提及之事物的「完整」時間。我們現在來看看

at a couple of other differences that are very important that you need to keep in mind.

其他的一些差別，它們都非常重要，所以你必須記住哦

Okay, so now we're going to look at a few other differences that are sometimes very

好的，現在我們要來看看其他的差別，雖然只是小小的不同

small but important. So let's look at the two examples here first: "All my friends came."

但是很重要，先看到這裡的兩個例子：「All my friends came.」

"My whole group of friends came." What do you notice first about the differences between

「My whole group of friends came.」你從這兩個例子中看到了什麼差別？

these two? One, the possessive adjective -- my, his, your, etc. -- with "all" comes after

第一個，所有格形容詞 -- my、his、your 等等 -- 它們是放在「all」後面

"all" -- comes before "whole": "My whole group of friends came." So I can say "all my friends",

放在「whole」前面，「My whole group of friends came.」所以我可以說「all my friends」

all individual friends, right? But remember what I said about "whole". "Whole" means something

指所有朋友個體，可以嗎？但是記得我怎麼解釋「whole」嗎，「Whole」代表某樣東西

complete, a complete package of something. So I have "group of friends" came. The meaning

的完整性，一整包東西，所以我有「group of friends」要來，這兩句話的意思

is more or less the same, okay? But here I talk about the group; here I talk about the

其實差不多，但是這裡我指的是一個群體，而這裡我指的是

individuals. Very important to remember. But most important -- possessive, after "all",

個體，很重要一定要記住哦，但最重要的是 -- 所有格，要放在 all 的後面

before "whole", okay? That's one. Let's look at another thing. Sometimes you

whole 的前面，了解嗎？這是一點，我們來看看另一點，有時候你

can interchange the two words. The sentence looks exactly the same, but the meaning is

可以把這兩個字交換使用，整個句子看起來一樣，但是含意是

very different, okay? "All cities were destroyed." So let's say for example there was an earthquake

非常不同的，「All cities were destroyed.」我舉這個例子，有個地震

or a volcano eruption in Hawaii, okay? In Hawaii there's -- there are many cities. Volcano

或火山爆發在夏威夷，在夏威夷有很多城市，火山

erupted; lava flowed; earth shook; etc. "All cities were destroyed." But if I say, "Whole

爆發了，熔岩流出，天搖地動等等，「All cities were destroyed.」但如果我說「Whole

cities were destroyed", the meaning is very different. Here, "All cities were destroyed"

cities are destroyed」意思是非常不同的，這裡「All cities were destroyed.」

means no more cities. Every city -- destroyed. But if I say "whole cities", it means some

代表沒有城市了，每一個城市都被摧毀。但如果我說「whole cities」，它的意思是

cities were completely destroyed, okay? I put marker on myself, sorry. "Whole cities

某些城市被完全摧毀，可以嗎？我畫到自己了，抱歉，「Whole cities

destroyed" means "one city, completely destroyed, but there are other cities that are okay."

destroyed」代表「一個城市被完全摧毀，但其他一些城市還好」

This one -- no more cities; all flat, all covered in lava. Okay, so that's one other

如果是這個，代表沒有城市倖免，全被剷平，全被覆蓋在熔岩下。好，所以這是另一個

thing. With "all", when you're talking about non-countable nouns

點。「all」也用在不可數名詞上

-- money, water, air, sugar, milk, non-countable nouns -- you're usually going to use "all".

-- 錢、水、空氣、糖、牛奶等不可數名詞 -- 你通常會使用「all」

You're not going to say "whole the money" because it doesn't make any sense because

你不會說「whole the money」，這樣講很沒邏輯因為

it's not a complete thing. It's a singular, non-countable. "All the money was stolen.

它不是一個完整的東西，它是單數、不可數的，「All the money was stolen.

All the water was drunk", or spilled or whatever the thing is. And you're not going -- and

All the water was drunk」或灑了出來，或隨便你說什麼，你不會 -- 而且

you're usually going to use "whole" with a singular, countable noun. You prefer to use

你通常會把「whole」用在單數可數名詞上，通常會比較會用

"whole" than "all" but it depends on the situation. Now, some people are going to ask me in the

「whole」而不是「all」，但還是要看情況。好，大家可能要在

comments section -- but now they won't because I'll give you the answer right now -- why

意見欄問我問題了 -- 但現在他們不用問了，因為我現在就要給你們解答囉 -- 為什麼

don't I say "all of my friends"? Why don't I say it? Because I don't need to, okay? This

我不說「all of my friends」？為什麼不這樣說呢？因為我不需要這樣說，這是

is an extra word. You don't need to use it. The only time you need to use "all of" is

一個多出來的字，你不需要用它，唯一一個你必須要用「all of」的情況就是，

with an object pronoun -- all of them, all of it, all of us, all of whom -- with a clause,

當它後面連著受格代名詞時 -- all of them、all of it、all of us、all of whom -- 有一個子句

etc. Otherwise, you just don't need "of". It's a useless word. It doesn't help. It doesn't

等等。否則，你不需要加「of」，它是沒有用的字，沒有任何幫助，它什麼意思

do anything. If I say "the whole of", it's also the exact same. I don't need to use it.

都沒有，如果我說「the whole of」，也是一樣意思，我不需要加 of，

It means "the complete package". So that's another difference.

它的意思是「一整個」，所以那是另一個差別，

The last one, and this is very, very important especially for those of you who are going

最後一點，非常非常重要，尤其是對即將要

to be taking tests and grammar is important: "All students need to come to class early

考試、考文法的人來說很重要：「All students need to come to class early

tomorrow." "The whole class needs to come early tomorrow." Can you see the difference?

tomorrow.」「The whole class needs to come early tomorrow.」看得出差別在哪嗎？

Main thing to remember: with "all" and plural, you have the matching verb, students "need".

記住一件事：all 後面接複數，你必須用相對應的動詞，students後面搭配「need」

Remember with "whole" you have a complete package, one package. The whole class "needs

用「whole」時，記得它是一個完整的組合，一整包，The whole class後面接「needs

to", singular with the "S", plural without the "S", okay?

to」，單數動詞加「s」，複數動詞不加「s」，了解嗎？

So now you see all the differences between "all" and "whole", and I know that students

所以現在你知道「all」和「whole」的不同，我知道學生們

are going to tell me, "I studied the whole time" or "I study all -- whole the time",

會這樣跟我說「I studied the whole time」或「I study whole the time」

that's what I hear often, "I study whole the time, but I don't improve." Now you will improve.

我常常這樣聽到，「I study whole the time, but I don't improve.」，現在你會進步了

I hope, anyway. Go to www.engvid.com. Take the quiz. Practice a little bit more. If you

我希望啦。請到www.engvid.com，做個小測驗，多做一點練習，如果你

have any questions or comments, write them in the comments. Also check out my video on

有任何疑問或意見，請寫在意見欄，你也可以在YouTube上

www.youtube.com. Subscribe to my channel. It would be very nice of you, and I will see

觀看我的影片，訂閱我的頻道，我會很感激你

you again very soon. Thanks.

很快我們又會再見囉，謝謝