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  • When you tell people you're a linguist,

    當你告訴別人你是一位語言學家

  • sometimes they look at you funny...

    有時候他們會以很有趣的眼光看著你

  • like, they have no idea what you do.

    就好像是,他們其實根本不知道你是做什麼的

  • Even worse, you get

    甚至更慘的是,你會聽到

  • "You're a linguist? Oh, I hate grammar..."

    「你是語言學家唷?喔!我超討厭文法的......」

  • or "How many languages do you speak?"

    或者是「你會說幾種語言呀?」

  • People have some strange ideas about linguistics.

    人們對於語言學有一些奇怪的想法

  • So, let's clear up these misconceptions.

    所以,讓我們一起來釐清一下這些誤解

  • [♪] [MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT LINGUISTICS]

    [♪] [對語言學的迷思與誤解]

  • Hi, Welcome to Snap Language. I'm Marc Franco,

    哈囉,歡迎來到「語言很容易」,我是馬克法蘭克

  • the resident linguist here.

    是這裡的常駐語言學家

  • Misconception Number 1: "Linguists love formal grammar."

    迷思1:「語言學家熱愛正式文法」

  • Actually, what's interesting in language is *not*

    事實上,語言有趣的部分*不是*

  • the rules set by some panel of grammarians.

    語法專家小組所規範出來的規則

  • That's prescriptivism.

    那是所謂的規範性語法

  • Instead, most linguists follow the practice of descriptivism.

    反而,大部分的語言學家都是遵循描寫性語法的做法

  • They try to describe and understand the language that people actually use it.

    他們試著要描述並了解是人類真正在使用的語言

  • It doesn't matter if the grammar a group of speakers uses is considered "incorrect."

    就算有一群使用者所使用的文法被認為是錯誤的也沒關係

  • We know there's a standard language, and we follow

    我們都知道有所謂的標準語言,然且我們遵守

  • grammar rules (for example, when we write or give a lecture).

    文法規則(像是當我們在寫作或是要演講的時候)

  • Formal grammar's appropriate in those situations.

    正式文法在這些情境中就很適合

  • But, to understand language, we want to understand how people

    但是,要了解語言,我們想要知道人們如何

  • actually use it in all contexts .

    在各種情境中實際運用語言

  • So, if a linguist corrects your grammar,

    所以,如果一個語言學家糾正你的文法

  • it's not because he or she is a linguist.

    並不是因為他/她是語言學家

  • Maybe, they're just being kind of obnoxious.

    或許他們只是很討人厭的人

  • Misconception Number 2:

    迷思2:

  • "A linguist knows everything about language."

    「語言學家知道關於語言的所有事。」

  • OK. All medical doctors study medicine, but they specialize

    OK。所有醫生都讀醫學,但是他們會專精

  • in a particular field, right?

    在一個特定領域,對吧?

  • If you have stomach problems, you don't go to a cardiologist, do you?

    如果你胃出了問題,你不會去找心臟科醫生吧!你會嗎?

  • The same way, linguists study language

    同理可證,語言學家研究語言

  • but specialize in a particular field.

    但是會專精在特定領域

  • You can specialize in historical linguistics,

    你可以專精歷史語言學

  • language acquisition, phonetics, syntax,

    語言習得、語音學、句法學

  • sociolinguistics... and so on.

    社會語言學......等等

  • Also, language is so central to being human that

    同時,語言對於人類是非常重要的,以至於

  • linguistics overlaps with many other disciplines.

    語言學會與許多其他領域涵蓋到

  • That's why you might study some linguistics in education,

    這就是為什麼你或許會研究語言學,在教育、

  • sociology, literature, computer science, and so on.

    社會學、文學、電腦科學等其他學門之中

  • So, if you ask your favorite linguist a question about language,

    所以,如果你問你最愛的語言學家一個語言的問題

  • don't make them feel bad if they don't know the answer.

    如果他們不知道答案,別讓他們尷尬

  • (I don't feel bad; I just look it up...)

    (我不會覺得尷尬;我就會快去查一查......)

  • Misconception Number 3:

    迷思3:

  • "Linguists are translators or interpreters."

    「語言學家就是(筆)譯者或口譯員呀。」

  • No... A few linguists may go on to become translators

    才不是......有一些語言學家可能會成為(筆)譯者

  • or interpreters, but these are just two possible career paths.

    或是口譯員,但是這兩個只是有可能的生涯選項

  • Speaking of careers:

    說到生涯:

  • Misconception Number 4:

    迷思4:

  • "Linguists are academics who work in universities."

    「語言學家都很學術,都在大學裡面工作。」

  • Yes, we can all imagine the lonesome linguist...

    式的,我們大家都可以想的到那些孤單的語言學家......

  • sitting in a dark office cluttered with old books...

    坐在黑暗的辦公室內,堆著舊書在桌上......

  • that old-book smell in the air.

    舊書的味道在空氣中就聞的到

  • Nah... Many linguists do research in universities but, remember,

    才不是......許多語言學家都是在大學進行研究工作,但是,記住了

  • there are many fields in linguistics.

    語言學有許多不同的領域

  • A linguist can also have a career in industry, for example,

    語言學家也可以在一個產業中擁有自己的事業,舉例來說

  • working on speech recognition or natural language processing for a company.

    為一家公司工作致力於語音辨識或是自然語言處理

  • You could work in education, designing literacy programs

    你也可以在教育產業工作,設計讀寫課程

  • or teaching English as a second language.

    或是以英語為第二語言的英語教學工作

  • Some linguists work in the field,

    有一些語言學家是在這個領域工作

  • sometimes even in the middle of a jungle,

    有時候甚至是在叢林之中工作

  • documenting and analyzing an indigenous language.

    紀錄並分析一種原住民語言

  • You may find a linguist (or two) working in the government,

    你或許也可以在政府部分裡面找到一兩個在那工作的語言學家

  • working as a voice coach in the film industry, or

    在電影產業裡面擔任聲音教練的工作,或者是

  • specializing in speech pathology.

    專精言語病理學的語言學家

  • Misconception Number 5:

    迷思5:

  • "Linguists speak many foreign languages."

    「語言學家可以說多國語言。」

  • (I hate this one.)

    (我討厭這個。)

  • What do you call someone who speaks several languages?

    你們都怎麼叫一個可以說多國語言的人呢?

  • A polyglot... not a linguist.

    「polyglot(通曉多種語言者)」,才不是「linguist(語言學家)」

  • In fact, many linguists work in their own native language,

    事實上,許多語言學家研究他們自己的母語

  • so they don't need to know a foreign language at all.

    所以他們完全不需要會另外一種語言

  • Of course, there are many foreign-language buffs among linguists. 

    當然在眾多語言學家之中,也有許多外語愛好者

  • (We can't help it! We love languages!)

    (我們沒辦法控制呀!我們那麼熱愛語言!)

  • But learning or speaking a foreign language

    但是學習或會說一種外語

  • is not a requirement to be a linguist.

    並不是語言學家的必要條件

  • So, what is linguistics, and what do linguists do?

    所以,什麼語言學?語言學家又是在做什麼的?

  • Linguistics is the study of language.

    語言學是對於語言的研究

  • Linguists study how language works,

    語言學家研究語言如何運作

  • how it evolves over time, how it is perceived,

    如何與時俱變,如何被理解

  • how it affects social behavior...

    語言又是如何影響社會行為......

  • essentially, linguists study some aspect of this amazing thing

    基本上,語言學家研究人類精彩的所做所為之中的一些

  • humans do that we call "language."

    面向,就是我們所謂的「語言」

  • It doesn't even have to be spoken language.

    也不一定要是口語

  • There are linguists who study sign language, for example.

    也有語言學家專門研究手語,舉例來說

  • If it's a language, chances are a linguist will want to study it.

    如果這是語言,就會有語言學家想要去研究的可能性

  • And chances are you found this video

    還有你會看到這部影片的可能性

  • because you like languages yourself, so

    因為你自己一定也喜歡語言,所以

  • if there's something you'd like to add or know

    如果有什麼你想要補充或是想要知道的

  • about this topic, please leave a comment.

    關於這個主題,請留下你的回應

  • And don't forget to like and share this video,

    同時也別忘了給我們一個讚,並分享這支影片

  • and subscribe.

    還要訂閱唷!

  • And thanks for stopping by and watching this video.

    謝謝你在網路的影片海中停下來觀賞這部影片

  • Does my office smell like old books?

    我的辦公室有聞起來像舊書嗎?

  • Nah...

    才沒有勒.......

  • Bye!

    拜拜!

  • [♪] [MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT LINGUISTICS]

    [♪] [對語言學的迷思與誤解]

  • [♫]

    [♫]

When you tell people you're a linguist,

當你告訴別人你是一位語言學家

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