Name: 我們吃肉的祕密原因--梅蘭妮-喬伊博士。 (The Secret Reason We Eat Meat - Dr. Melanie Joy)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T06:21:31.000Z
Duration: 18 min 3 s

情態助動詞 B1

Have you ever wondered why you might eat chicken's wings, but not swan's wings?

Have you ever wondered why you might drink cow's milk, but not pig's milk?

And have you ever wondered why you haven't wondered?

I never wondered about these things until I had a shocking experience that changed my life forever.

In attempt to understand what had happened to me, I spent years conducting research,

What I discovered transformed my worldview, my health, and my happiness, so that today,

at 49, I feel better than I did when I was half my age.

To help you understand what happened to me,  I'd like you to Imagine you are a guest at a dinner party,

and your food is so delicious  that you ask your host for the recipe.

“The secret,” she replies, “is in the meat.

You need to use three pounds of well seasoned...

Now, take a moment to reflect  on your thoughts and feelings.

Chances are,  even though the meat itself didn't change at all, your experience of it changed dramatically.

So, what happened to cause you  to have such a strong reaction?

That's the question I began asking 25 years ago,  after I had a similar experience. Well, sort of.

Like many people, I grew up with a dog who I loved,  and I also grew up eating meat.

And I never thought about how strange it was that while I would never want to eat my dog,

I regularly ate the flesh and eggs and dairy of animals who were not terribly different than my dog

– they, too, had feelings,  and lifes that mattered to them.

I just never thought about why I ate some animals, but not others.

I never thought about the inconsistencies in my attitudes and behaviors toward animals,

because when I was eating meat, eggs, and dairy,  I didn't actually think I was eating animals.

Of course, I knew on some level that these products  came from individuals who had once been alive;

I had that “knowing without knowing”.

But on another level  I just didn't make the connection.

It wasn't until I wound up hospitalized after eating bacteria-infested beef,

After I got sick,  just the thought of eating beef disgusted me.

And suddenly, I saw meat not as food,  but as dead animals.

Beef stew seemed no different than golden retriever stew.

And as I looked at the world with new eyes, I saw animals' body parts everywhere I turned:

lining grocery store shelves, filling trucks bound for the market, spilling off lunch trays,

And people everywhere, rational, caring people like myself,

were putting these animals' bodies into their mouths  as though nothing at all were wrong.

I had to understand how I could have gone through my entire life being blind to what was right in front of me,

and why nobody I talked to about this was willing to hear what I had to say.

after I had completed my doctoral research  on the psychology of eating meat,

It turns out, that most of us eat animals not because  we need to, or even because we truly wish to,

but because we have been conditioned to, by a widespread, destructive belief system

that operates outside our awareness and therefore without our conscious consent.

We often assume that only vegans and vegetarians bring their beliefs to the dinner table.

But the only reason many of us eat cows but not dogs, for example,

is because we do have a belief system when it comes to eating animals.

When eating animals is not a necessity -- which is the case for many people in the world today

So what my research uncovered is that there is an invisible belief system

that conditions us to eat certain animals.

Carnism is universal;  in meat-eating cultures around the world,

people typically classify only a tiny handful of animals, out of millions of possible species,

All the rest are classified as  inedible and disgusting.

So even though the type of species consumed changes from culture to culture,

members of all cultures tend to find their own choices

to be rational and the choices of other cultures to be disgusting and often even offensive.

Carnism is like a vast fog that surrounds, saturates, and shrouds our world.

meat cannot be procured without violence, and egg and dairy production cause extensive harm to animals

In fact, today, the egg and dairy industries are arguably the most brutal of all carnistic industries.

And violent systems such as carnism keep themselves alive by using defense mechanisms

so that rational, humane people participate in

irrational, inhumane practices without fully realizing what they are doing.

These defenses hide the truth about animal agriculture and distort what little we are able to see,

so that we support a system we would likely otherwise find deeply offensive.

The primary defense of carnism is denial.

Carnism denies the truth by making it invisible.

One way carnism remains invisible  is by remaining unnamed,

so eating animals appears to be a given,  rather than a choice.

Another way carnism remains invisible  is by keeping its victims out of sight

and therefore conveniently out of public consciousness.

But although we don't see the inner worlds of farmed animals,

these individuals are in fact sentient, conscious beings.

For example, pigs are at least as intelligent as three-year-old humans.

Cows develop deep and lasting bonds with their family and friends;

for instance, they may cry and keen for weeks when their babies are forcibly taken from them.

Chickens are able to distinguish between 100 different faces of members of their species,

and they have 30 different calls to signal types of threats.

And scientists have demonstrated that certain fish and crustaceans have intelligence and pain receptors,

such that in some places in the world it is now illegal  to keep fish in small bowls or to boil lobsters alive.

And although we don't see the factories in which animals are turned into food,

these so-called farms  produce approximately 98 per cent of the meat, eggs, and dairy we eat.

In fact 124,000 farmed animals are slaughtered globally not every day, or even every hour,

But think about it:  how many of these animals have you seen?

Ultimately, hiding the truth about meat, egg, and dairy production from us

So becoming aware of this truth is essential to freeing ourselves from the system.

So, I am going to show a two-minute video of animal factories.

Now I know this kind of imagery can be difficult to see,