字幕列表 影片播放 列印所有字幕 列印翻譯字幕 列印英文字幕 In a grand democratic exercise, the British people have decided to leave the EU 經歷了一場盛大的民主權力的行使之後,英國人已決定離開歐盟 Now, they're looking hard for the exit 如今,他們在尋找出口 While a lot of people know they are against the EU, fewer know exactly what they want instead 雖然許多人知道自己反對歐盟,很多人不知道可以用什麼取而代之 So let us take you around the post-Brexit showroom, where all the available models for new economic relations are on display 讓我們帶您觀賞「英國後脫歐時期」展示廳,這裏展示了英國發展新的經濟關係前可參考的幾個方向 They all have different designs, so we can find the one that suits your priorities best 各個都有不同設計,我們可以尋找最符合您需求的一個 Whether that's to limit European immigration, be rid of Europeans laws, or remain a great trading nation 無論是要限制歐洲移民、擺脫歐洲法律或維持其強大的貿易國地位 choice number one is to go it alone 選項一是自立自強 cutting loose from a sinking continent and setting out on a great global adventure 與沈淪的歐陸斷絕關係,踏上偉大的全球大冒險 Well, what is more boringly called the WTO, or World Trade Organization model 它有一個很無趣的別稱:WTO 模型,或世界貿易組織模型 If Britain makes a clean break with the EU, it can keep the foreigners out, and it can ignore foreigners when making its laws 若英國與歐盟斷乾淨,能夠阻止移民潮,立法時也無須考慮到外國人 Unfortunately, it can also forget about a lot of the lucrative trade it's currently doing 很不幸地,這也忽略了英國目前獲利高的貿易 Going it alone means to trade on the lowest common multiple of market access: 自立自強就是遵守最多國承認的市場準入原則貿易 the WTO rules that almost every country in the world accepts 依循著世界上幾乎每國都接受的 WTO 貿易規則 The WTO model is much worse for trade than the EU single market WTO 模型較歐盟單一市場不適合貿易許多 As EU members, Britons have been able to buy and sell to other Europeans just as if they were in Britain 身為歐盟會員的英國人在國去能更和其他歐洲人買賣物品就如同在國內交易一樣 No tariffs, no discrimination, and exactly the same standards and regulations across the continent 無關稅、無歧視以及適用於歐陸各國幾乎一模一樣的標準與規則 Cutting loose means losing those benefits 英國與歐盟斷絕關係就會喪失這些好處 So this choice is not so much the glory of the wide open seas 因此若做出這個選擇,英國並不會有榮耀四海的感覺 It's more lost at sea 而較像是迷失在海上 If that doesn't appeal, how about choice number two? The Canada Model 若上述的不吸引你,何不試試選項二?加拿大模型 Canada has struck a free trade deal with the EU 加拿大與歐盟建立起自由貿易區 and the UK could try to do the same 英國也可以嘗試仿效之 It improves marginally on the WTO model, but it only covers goods, things you can load on ships and trucks 這相較於 WTO 模型有些微的進步,但它只規範能夠裝載在船上及卡車上的商品 while the UK's greatest export advantages lie in services, such as finance and law 但英國出口最大的利益在於服務,如:金融業及法律 So what if you want to keep trading services unimpeded? 那若你想使得服務貿易暢通無阻呢? Then you might like choice number three 那你也許會喜歡選項三 Ever heard of europeiske økonomiske samarbeidsområdet? Oh yes, you have 聽過 europeiske økonomiske samarbeidsområdet 嗎?有,你一定聽過 That's Norwegian for the European Economic Area, or EEA, which everyone calls the Norway model. 這就是歐洲經濟區,或 EEA。大家都稱之為挪威模型 There's a lot to like about the Norway model 挪威模型很討喜 The EEA agreement lets Norway trade most goods and services freely inside the single market without being part of the EU EEA 協定讓挪威在不屬於歐盟的前提下,於單一市場內交易大部分的商品與服務 It can even strike its own trade deals with other countries 挪威甚至能與其他國家進行貿易協議 But then there was that thing about taking back control 但後來就有收回主控權那件事 And Norway has accepted wholesale the free movement of workers and the EU single market rules 挪威也全然接受員工的自由移動以及歐盟單一市場規則 So has Iceland, another EEA member 另一個 EEA 成員,冰島,也是 You could call it the Iceland model, if you prefer 你也可以稱之為冰島模型 Maybe that would do something for the football, but it won't keep immigrants out 這也許會對足球有幫助,但這不會讓阻擋移民潮 By now you might be thinking that we're looking at ever more absurdly small countries for the UK to model itself on 現在你應該在想我們都在拿一些小得荒謬的國家讓英國仿效 Well, wait till you see this 那來看看下一個模型 Some unscrupulous dealers will tell you they can get you a special bespoke version of the EEA 一些不講道德的交易員會告訴你他們能幫你爭取到一個為您量身訂製的 EEA This is choice number four: EEA+, or the Liechtenstein model 這就是選項四:EEA+,或列支敦斯登模型 Liechtenstein is in the single market through the EEA 列支敦斯登在 EEA 單一市場裡 It's allowed some limits on freedom of movement 他被允許對於移動自由做出一些限制 But Liechtenstein is 25 kilometers long, and has 37, 000 people 但列支敦斯登的周長僅25公里,且人口才37,000人 You won't get this model in a size that fits Britain 你找不到可以容納英國如此龐大的國家的模型 And even if you did, it would still require full compliance with the laws governing the single market 就算你找到了,英國還是必須完全遵照單一市場的法律 but without any say in what they are 且也沒有任何法律的決定權 So I'm afraid there is no model that takes all the boxes 所以恐怕沒有任何模型樣樣都好 If you avoid immigration, or laws not made at home, you lose out on trade 若你想避開移民人口或非本國法律,就會在貿易上有所損失 so you have to choose which priority to give up 所以就必須選擇放棄哪一項 If you could accept free movement, we do actually have a model that gives full single market access 若你可以接受自由移動,我們這裡其實有一個給予完全單一市場準入的模型 and equal power of the rules 以及對於規則擁有同等的權力 In fact, choice number five has been our bestselling model for years 選項五其實是我們多年來人氣最高的模型 It's called EU membership 就叫做歐盟會員 But then that's the model you've just come to trade in 但...那就是你想要換掉的
A2 初級 中文 FinancialTimes 歐盟 英國 貿易 挪威 選項 英國脫歐後的歐盟模式|PunkFT (EU models for a post-Brexit UK | PunkFT) 1368 104 20000011 發佈於 2021 年 01 月 14 日 更多分享 分享 收藏 回報 影片單字