Name: 我們為什麼與巴里-施瓦茨合作--機遇、好運和幸福。 (Why We Work with Barry Schwartz - Opportunity, Good Fortune, and Happiness)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T06:08:00.000Z
Duration: 44 min 17 s
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I'm kind of overwhelmed. I'm overwhelmed by the generosity of the college to make this possible,

情態副詞

I'm overwhelmed by the generosity of my colleagues, especially Andrew and Katherine,

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who must have essentially had a whole other job. When this started it was kind of like

the Mickey Rooney movie Let's Get Together and Put On A Play, and the presumption was

in five minutes we would have the product and that turned out not to be quite true.

And no matter what burden arose, no matter what obstacle appeared, they found ways to

solve every problem with great cheer and good grace to make this day possible, and I really

just can't put into words what it has meant to me. In addition, it has been a Rashomon-like

day, do you all know what I'm referring to? Even those of you who haven't started shaving

yet? So Rashomon is this movie about different people who all witness the same scene, and

see very different scenes. Well what I have heard today depicted is pieces of my life

that I find close to unrecognizable, because even though they all happened, my interpretation

of them is dramatically different from the interpretations that you have been given.

You've been given the impression from everybody that I somehow had this incredible influence

on the work and life of the people with whom I have collaborated. I've been the teacher.

My own take on these collaborations, and I mean this with complete sincerity, is exactly

the reverse. All I can see in these interactions is the ways in which each of these people

have taught me things that I didn't already know. I came to Swarthmore remarkably ignorant,

although I didn't think I was, and the interactions I've had with colleagues, many of whom you've

heard, have educated me. And I feel like I have learned a lot more from them than I've

taught them, so I think basically they've been telling you a lie, and I'm going to try

to sort of straighten that out. But actually, occasions like this encourage people to look

back, nostalgia is a nice thing if indulged in in extremely small doses, sort of like

hallucinogens, so I think I have permission to indulge a little bit of nostalgia. But

I'm going to do it because I want to make a point. I don't have a low opinion of myself,

I really don't, but as I look back on the most impactful, formative, meaningful, and

rewarding experiences of my career, almost all of them without exception were the result

of extraordinary good fortune. I made the most of my opportunities, but I had little

or nothing to do with creating any of those opportunities. They smacked me in the face,

and I take credit for recognizing that they were opportunities, but not for creating the

conditions that made those opportunities possible. It's apparent to me that - I teach classes

in decision-making, where ostensibly part of the point is to teach people how to make

good decisions, and wisdom, which essentially, part of the point of which is to teach people

how to make good decisions, but it's apparent to me that virtually none of the important

decisions that I have made in my life conform to any idea at all about what is rational

or what is wise. And I'm going to sort of give you a quick summary of why that's true,

and then try to connect it to something that I think is actually more significant than

just my idiosyncratic history. I moved to Yonkers from the Bronx in the 7th grade, Yonkers is

just north of the Bronx, the Bronx is just north of Manhattan, which is where I thought

civilization began. I thought it ended in Brooklyn, apparently that's changed. So I

moved in 7th grade and almost immediately I met Myrna, you have heard Myrna mentioned

several times, many of you know her, not all of you do, I would like it if Myrna and also

our older daughter Alison and our oldest granddaughter Ruby stood up and face the crowd. They differ

principally on the basis of age and height. So I met Myrna almost immediately and she

essentially immediately became my best friend. Then she became my girlfriend, which took

a lot of work on my part, and then she became my wife and the mother of my children. She's

always been my toughest and my most sympathetic critic. Every time I give her something to

read, her aim is to find a way to help me make it better, to find a way to help me say

what she know's I'm trying to say, that the first pass hasn't been eloquent enough to

make clear, and this is true even when she disagrees with me. Sometimes. So she's always

been my sounding board with the exception of this talk. And that actually scares the

crap out of me. So anyway, she became my best friend and the question is why? Was it because

I was a rational decision maker? Did I see how intelligent she was? Did I see how empathetic

she was? Did I see how kind she was? Did I see the fierce moral core that kind of defined

her existence in the world? The answer is no. No to all of those things. I was attracted

to her, this is the God's honest truth, because she was the first girl I had ever met who

loved baseball. And more specifically, loved the New York Yankees. So, the one marriage

that everyone is bragging about, that I have had - and, you know, I'm willing to take credit,

that's a real achievement - but I had it because she liked the damn Yankees, she liked Mickey

Mantle. What kind of reason is that to form a life partnership? So we went through school

together and I applied to college, I applied to six colleges, I assure you I applied on

the basis of zero information. The school I was dying to go to was Columbia because

I went to a gathering of high school newspaper editors there and completely fell in love,

it was my romantic image of what a college should be, I knew nothing about what it was

actually like to be a student there. I applied to six colleges, and I got into one. It's

true. The only place that took me was NYU, which had a little Swarthmore-like campus

in the Bronx, and so I cleverly decided to go. I'm willing to take a fair amount of credit

for that decision. So I took psychology as a freshman, and I didn't have any idea what

psychology was. I don't even mean that I thought psychology was Freud. If I had known that

much, I would have been sophisticated. I knew nothing about what psychology was. It fit

into my schedule. I know that no Swarthmore student would ever choose a course for that

reason. So anyway, my Psych 1 teacher was a guy named Phil Zimbardo, you've heard his

name mentioned already once. Those of you who don't know about him, he's a legendary

Psych 1 teacher, probably a third of the students he taught ended up wanting to do something

connected to psychology, and he completely captivated me. And so I went from being a

complete ignoramus about psychology to being a huge fan of psychology, but that wasn't

enough. My aspiration still was to be a writer. And I took another course that used to be

required, Freshman English Composition, which was designed to teach you how to write, and

the first papers I turned in in this course I got Ds. This is sort of the drill, they

give you low grades at the beginning to basically humiliate you so that you think you actually

still have something to learn, and gradually your grades go up even if your writing doesn't

get any better. But I didn't know that, so what did I learn? I learned psychology is

incredibly exciting and I don't have what it takes to be a writer. And if I hadn't had

both of those experiences, the odds are pretty good I would not have pursued psychology.

So I don't think I deserve a whole lot of credit for that. These were the circumstances

that confronted me. So I started taking psychology and Zimbardo's not the only star. There's

another star in the department, some of you may be familiar with him, his name is Alan

Schneider. He taught me psychology. He taught Myrna psychology. Myrna spent two years working

in his lab, and then we recruited him to come to Swarthmore when the NYU campus that he

taught at, and I studied at, closed. So that's how I became a psychology major. Time came

to go to graduate school, I only applied to two, and I had no interest in one of them.

So I got into the other one, and I went to the other one, and it happened to be Penn.

I chose Penn for the wrong reasons. I won't tell you what the reasons were because I don't

want to insult people, but I chose Penn on the basis of bad reasons but it turned out

it was a spectacularly good decision. Because of the unbelievably vibrant, alive, big question-oriented

atmosphere that was present there when I started. Psychology was in a period of turmoil in the

late '60s and early '70s, there were these received truths that psychologists thought

they understood and all of them were being turned upside down and everyone there was

open to changing their view of what was important, what was interesting, and what knowledge counted

as. This was a tiny window of time. Psychology was closed-minded before, psychology has become