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  • LIGO stands for the Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory.

    LIGO,全名為「雷射干涉儀重力波觀測站」。

  • LIGO is really two observatories that work in unison, in tandem.

    LIGO 由兩座共同合作的觀測站所組成。

  • The LIGO interferometer has arms that are about 2 and 1/2 miles long, 4 kilometers.

    LIGO 干涉儀有兩隻長達 2.5 英里 (4 公里) 的巨型手臂。

  • We have a laser.

    我們利用雷射光。

  • The laser produces the purest light you can possibly make.

    創造有史以來最純粹的光束。

  • It produces light that's so coherent that it's capable of detecting gravitational waves.

    這光束極高的相干性得以讓我們偵測到重力波的存在。

  • We have these very massive mirrors.

    我們有非常巨大的反射鏡。

  • They weigh 40 kilograms, which is about 88 pounds.

    重達 40 公斤,大約 88 磅。

  • They're about this thick.

    他們差不多這麼厚。

  • And they're just the purest material you can imagine.

    大概是你能見到最純粹的物質了。

  • The NSF, of course, had to be the source of funding for anything that would be as expensive as this.

    當然,這背後有國家科學基金會資助我們大量的經費來進行此昂貴的研究。

  • This was going to be a very high-risk experiment.

    這將是一項風險很高的實驗。

  • It was from its very inception.

    從這個計畫生成初始我們就知道了。

  • If you think about this in the '70s and '80s, I'm amazed at how bold it was to do this, and visionary.

    要在 70、80 年代從事這樣的實驗,我對於這件事情的大膽和前瞻性感到驚訝不已。

  • It was bold and visionary.

    既大膽,又有前瞻性。

  • There's no other way to describe it.

    我想不到其它形容詞了。

  • NSF management, the National Science Board, they had to really step up to that.

    當時的國家科學委員會必須為此計畫挺身而出。

  • And they had a lot of discussions, brought in a lot of experts.

    他們多次商討,請來許多專家。

  • There was great debate going on.

    經歷了許多激烈的辯論。

  • But in the end, the people who thought it could be done won the day.

    但最後,認為這計畫可行的那一派佔上風。

  • And they went after it.

    從那之後,他們便投身實驗。

  • Gravitational waves carry the record of cataclysmic events in the universe, like the Big Bang.

    重力波記錄著宇宙的重大事件,例如大霹靂。

  • Gravitational waves were predicted by Einstein about 100 years ago.

    愛因斯坦在百年前就預測了重力波的存在。

  • And they are dynamical perturbations in the fabric of spacetime, ripples in spacetime, if you will.

    重力波是一種動能的擾動,在時間和空間為一體的時空中,由漣漪的形式向外傳播,如果你聽得懂這種說法的話。

  • A ripple in the fabric of space and time the same way as a ripple on a pond is a ripple in the shape of the surface of the water.

    在時空產生的漣漪,就如同在池塘產生的漣漪有著和水的表層一樣的形狀。

  • Nobody really believed that you could ever detect them, because the size of the effect is so small...

    沒有人認為我們能偵測到重力波的存在,因為重力波的擾動範圍十分渺小...

  • 1,000th the diameter of a proton.

    只有質子直徑的千分之一。

  • Even Einstein himself never thought a detection would be possible.

    就連愛因斯坦本人也沒有想過我們有可能偵測到重力波的存在。

  • I tried to do this back in the 1960s when I was a student.

    60 年代我還是個學生的時候,做過這實驗。

  • We couldn't make any progress.

    我們沒有任何進展。

  • We didn't have the technology.

    我們當時沒有先進的科技。

  • In 1968, Rainer Weiss of MIT conceived of a device that could detect gravitational waves.

    1968年,MIT 教授雷納.華斯設計了一個可以偵測重力波的儀器。

  • The idea was extremely simple.

    重力波的概念非常簡單。

  • And it turns out to be the the basis of LIGO.

    後來成了 LIGO 成立的理念。

  • What the gravitational wave does is it stretches space this way and compresses space that way.

    重力波會從一個方向延展空間,又從另一個方向壓縮空間。

  • So you exploit that property.

    所以我們就依此規則設計實驗。

  • Put one object here and another object over there.

    在這端擺放物體,那端擺放另一個物體。

  • And let the gravitational wave go through that system.

    然後讓重力波穿越此系統。

  • And it will change the space between these by contracting that one and extending that one.

    它便透由壓縮這個物體和延展那個物體來改變物體間的空間。

  • And I came to the conclusion that if you made this long enough, if you didn't make it a little pipsqueak thing like this, but you made it sort of kilometer-scale, you could probably get these extremely precise measurements.

    我最後發現,如果能夠把這個裝置做得夠長,如果我們不只是做這微小的裝置,而是拓展至公里的規模,我們或許就能得到極精確的測量結果。

  • 1994, Construction begins.

    1994 年動工。

  • Nobody had ever made something like this before.

    從來沒有人創造過如此大規模的裝置。

  • So there's a lot of technological challenges that needed to be overcome.

    所以我們必須面對許多技術上的挑戰。

  • The precision that was required was just amazing, mind boggling.

    實驗所需的精準度實在是非常驚人,令人咋舌!

  • The MIT Group has typically concentrated on developing new techniques to make the instruments work and then to work on, also, data analysis algorithms that are well-informed by the understanding of the instrument.

    MIT 團隊大量專注於開發新技術,好讓實驗用的儀器得以運作,後來,他們開發了一套數據分析計算系統,利用對儀器的暸解來回報準確的測量結果。

  • September 14, 2015.

    2015 年 9 月 14 日。

  • The first direct detection of gravitational waves in human history.

    人類史上,首次直接觀測到重力波。

  • We have observed gravitational waves from two black holes forming a larger black hole.

    我們從兩個黑洞融合而成的大黑洞中觀測到重力波。

  • Two black holes merging together, literally, nearly the speed of light to produce a bigger black hole.

    兩個黑洞合而為一,幾乎是以光速融合成一個更大的黑洞。

  • How cool is that?

    有夠酷的,對吧?

  • I said, holy mackerel.

    我大叫,我的天啊!

  • This is the beginning of a whole new way of studying the universe.

    這是宇宙學史上嶄新的一頁!

  • It's monumental.

    這是歷史性的一刻!

  • It's like Galileo using the telescope for the first time.

    就像伽利略第一次舉起望遠鏡。

  • Every time we have pointed a new instrument into the sky, nature has revealed secrets to us that we haven't known before.

    每當我們對浩瀚宇宙有了新的觀照,我們就會發現宇宙中不為人知的奧秘。

  • And so I feel very confident that this is just the beginning of such an era for gravitational wave observations, as well.

    我相信這只是重力波研究史上的開端。

  • Who knows what we'll see?

    誰知道我們接下來會觀測到什麼呢?

  • I would love to see Einstein's face if he could read this article that we just put out.

    我很想看愛因斯坦在讀我們這篇文獻時臉上露出的表情。

  • I mean, he would have been as dumbfounded as we are.

    他一定會跟我們一樣目瞪口呆。

  • Because it's a wonderful proof that all of this incredible stuff, the strong-field gravity, is in his equations.

    因為這恰好證實了他那些偉大、有關重力場的方程式是真實存在的。

  • Just imagine that.

    想像一下。

  • To me, that's a miracle that (that) happened... man's thinking, and also all the elegance not only in the theory, but the elegance in the experiment.

    對我而言,這個奇蹟,不單只是人類思想的力量,也是理論和實驗方面的精心之作。

  • I mean, that is a human endeavor that, I think, everybody in the world should be proud of.

    我認為世上所有人都應該為這人類的創舉感到光榮。

  • I had to tell you that.

    我真心地這樣認為!

LIGO stands for the Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory.

LIGO,全名為「雷射干涉儀重力波觀測站」。

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