cause trust me, it could be worse.

相信我，這會更糟糕。

So from a survival standpoint,

所以，從生存的角度，

our planet can be a pretty scary place.

我們的星球可以說是一個非常可怕的地方。

Aside from all of the death and destruction

除了人類自己造成的

that we ourselves as the human race cause,

死亡和破壞外，

planet Earth has been known to cause just as much

大家都知道，地球她自己也製造了

devastation herself.

那麼多的災難。

From viruses, to tsunamis, and earthquakes

從病毒，海嘯和地震

this space rock that we live on can be a real jerk

我們生活的這塊太空岩石可能會突然一動，

when it feels like showing off.

感覺像在炫耀。

So this week I collected a list of some of the most

所以，這週我收集了一些

destructive natural events ever recorded that are

有紀錄的最具破壞性的自然事件，

pretty much guaranteed to make you feel better about

一定會讓你的心情變好。

your day so here they are.

那麼，這些就是。

The 10 deadliest natural disasters in history.

歷史上最致命的自然災害。

Number one is Black Death.

第一個是黑死病。

The Black Death was one of the most devastating pandemics

黑死病是在人類歷史上最具破壞性的流行病，

in human history resulting in the deaths of

造成大約75至200萬人死亡，

an estimated 75 to 200 million people,

在歐洲的高峰是

peaking in Europe between 1346 and 1353.

在1346和1353人之間。

The plague hit Europe like a freight train killing

瘟疫襲擊歐洲像一列貨運火車，

an estimated 25 to 60% of the entire continents population.

殺害整個大陸人口的大約25〜60％。

The name Black Death reflects a common attribute

黑死病這個名字反映了疾病的共同屬性，

of the disease which would cause the flesh of those infected

會導致被感染者的

to die and rot into an ashen black color.

肉體死亡和腐爛成鐵青黑色。

So as you can see, it's lovely.

因此，大家可以看到，它的可愛。

The Black Death was also known as the Great Morality,

黑死病也被稱為大死亡率，

or the Great Pestilence.

或者大瘟疫。

It was the second plague pandemic of the middle ages,

這是中世紀的第二次鼠疫大流行，

the first being the Justinian Plague of the 6th century

第一次是在公元6世紀的查士丁尼瘟疫。

which was equally as unpleasant.

同樣是令人討厭的。

Scientist still do not know what the cause of the outbreak

科學家們還不知道爆發的原因，

was as there as several competing theories that exist today.

今天存在幾種有爭議的理論。

However, an analysis of DNA from victims in

然而，2010年和2011年發表的

Northern and Southern Europe published in 2010 and 2011

在南北歐的受害者的DNA分析

indicates that the pathogen responsible was the

表明成為起因的病原體

Yersinia pestis bacterium causing several forms

是鼠疫桿菌的細菌，

of the plague.

引起幾種形式的瘟疫。

Wait, we have no idea exactly where it came from?

等等，我們不知道它到底從哪而來？

Okay.

好吧。

Well between that, Netflix,

嗯，Netflix，如果要在瘟疫

and the ability to order groceries online,

和能夠在網上訂購雜貨之間選擇，

I now have every reason to never leave my house.

我現在有足夠的理由永遠不會離開我的房子

Great!

太好了！

Number two is the Spanish Flu.

第二個是西班牙流感。

Between 1918 and 1920,

在1918年和1920年期間，

an unusually deadly influenza pandemic occurred

一個不同尋常的致命的流感大流行發生，

that infected 500 million people across the world

感染在世界各地的5億人，

and killed 50 to 100 million of them.

並殺害了其中的5000萬－1億人。

Around 4% of the entire world's population.

大約為世界全部人口的4%。

To maintain moral during the war,

為了在戰爭中保持道德，

the governments of Germany, Britain, France,

德國，英國，法國和美國的政府

and the United States censored the virus' effects

審查病毒的影響，

but talked much about its effect on Spain

但很多都是關於其對西班牙的影響，

hence the nickname of the Spanish Flu.

西班牙流感因此得此綽號。

Unlike most influenza outbreaks that would often take

不像大多數經常

the lives of the juvenile, elderly, or weakened patients,

要了青少年，老年人的命，或使患者虛弱的流感暴發，

the Spanish Flu would easily kill young and healthy adults.

西班牙流感很容易殺死年輕和健康的成年人。

The virus died as quickly as it grew as it's speculated

該病毒死亡就像它成長那麼快，經推測，

that the virus had mutated so rapidly that it mutated

該病毒如此之快，

into a less lethal strain.

導致它演變成一個不太致命的菌株變異。

This was first of two pandemics involving the

這是第一次兩種

H1N1 influenza virus.

含有H1N1流感病毒的流行病。

That's right.

那就對了。

This was the same virus that rocked the world

這是在不久之前2009年

not long ago back in 2009.

震驚世界的相同病毒。

I really don't understand how a virus can reemerge like this

我真的不明白為什麼像這樣的病毒能在

after over 100 years.

100多年之後重新出現。

How does that happen?

那是怎樣發生的？

What, did someone cough on an ice cube and leave it

什麼？是不是有人在一塊冰塊上咳嗽，然後

in the freezer for future generations?

把它放在冰櫃裡，用作以後的後代呢？

Oh, grandpa left me an ice cube in the freezer everyone!

哦！祖母把我放在冰櫃裡的一塊冰塊上！

I chilled my drink with it!

我喝冷飲的時候喝了它！

(sips)

（啜飲）

Uh, oh.

啊，不。

Number three is the Afghanistan Blizzard.

第三個是阿富汗暴雪。

You might think of Afghanistan as a smoldering hot country

你可能認為阿富汗是一個非常炎熱的國家，

full of desert but surprisingly it can get cold.

都是沙漠，但令人驚奇的事，它會變冷。

Really cold.

非常冷。

In February of 2008,

2008年2月，

Afghanistan suffered the second worst blizzard in modern

就傷亡方面，阿富汗遭受了現代史中

history with regards to casualties.

第二次最嚴重的暴雪。

The blizzard caused temperatures to fall below

暴雪引發溫度降到

30 degrees Celsius and up to 1.8 meters of snow fell.

30攝氏度以下，多達1.8米的降雪。

This resulted in total casualties of over 1 thousand people

這導致總傷亡人數超過1000人

freezing to death.

凍死。

In addition, at least 100 people were stricken with

另外，至少100個人

frost bite and had to get amputations.

凍傷，不得不截肢。

What's equally as sad is animals were the most vulnerable

同樣的悲傷的是動物最容易受到暴雪的傷害，

to the blizzard as more than 100,000 sheep and goats,

因為有10多萬頭綿羊和山羊，

and 315,000 cattle died.

以及315,000牲畜死亡。

It's important to keep in mind that this was all at a time

重要的是要記住，

when the country was already ravaged by on going wars

當時該國已經遭到持續的戰爭的蹂躪，

which further devastated the country and its economy.

戰爭進一步摧毀這個國家和它的經濟。

This is really sad and almost hard to understand

這是很可悲的，幾乎很難理解，

because as a kid growing up in Canada,

因為作為在加拿大長大的一個孩子，

the worse the weather the better because we got snow days.

天氣越糟糕越好，因為我們可以玩雪了。

There was never any horrible pain and suffering.

從來沒有任何可怕的痛苦和折磨。

Well, y'know that wasn't 'till we had to go back to school.

嗯，你知道，那不是的，直到我們不得不回到學校。

Number four are the Central China Floods.

第四個是中國中部洪水。

In 1931 the Republic of China was hit by a series of floods

1931年中華民國遭受了一系列的洪水，

that resulted in arguably the deadliest natural disaster

導致無疑是20世紀除了流行病和飢荒之外

of the 20th century discounting pandemics and famines.

最致命的自然災害。

The flood occurred after a series of odd weather occurrences

在一系列糟糕的天氣在中國發生後，

in China.

洪水發生了。

From 1928 to 1930,

從1928年到1930年，

there was a long drought followed by heavy snow storms,

長時間的乾旱後，發生嚴重的暴風雪，

then a spring thaw and a heavy rainfall

然後接連發生的

that continuously grew.

春天解凍和強降雨。

Then in 1931, the Yangtze River overflowed

接著在1931年，長江溢出，

and caused a series of floods causing millions of deaths

引發一系列洪水，造成數百萬人

due to drowning, disease, and starvation.

因為水淹，疾病和飢餓死亡。

More than 51 million people,

超過5100萬人，

or 1/4 of China's entire population,

或者中國總人口的1/4，

was effected by the Central China Floods with the total

受到中國中部洪水的影響，

number of casualties from the disaster estimated

災難造成的總傷亡人數預計

to be as high as 4 million.

高達400萬。

Exacerbating the problem was the fact that the government

使問題加劇的事實是，

was ill-equipped to monetarily deal with the disaster

政府剛剛擺脫戰爭，

after just freshly emerging from a war as well as still

並且仍然在處理持續的內戰，

dealing with an on-going civil war.

無力用財力處理這個災難。

But at least there was a silver lining which was...

但至少有一個銀內襯...

nope, nope, there was no silver lining.

不，不，沒有銀內襯。

Just a lot of people died.

只是有很多人死了。

Yeah, awkward.

是的，很糟糕。

Number five is Hurricane Andrew.

第五個是颶風安德魯。

When Hurricane Andrew occurred in 1992 it was

當颶風安德魯在1992出現時，

the costliest hurricane in history.

它是歷史上損失最慘重的颶風。

It was formed when a tropical wave moved to the

它是在1992年8月

West Coast of Africa on August of 1992.

一個熱帶波移動到非洲西海岸時形成。

Within only two days it became a major tropical depression

僅在兩天之內，它變成一個嚴重的熱帶低氣壓，

and while it's intensity was initially damped by wind sheer,

雖然它的強度最初是由風切削弱，

the days after gave it time to develop into a

幾天後，發展成

destructive tropical cyclone.

破壞性的熱帶颱風。

Along with Hurricanes Katrina, Wilma, and Ike,

隨著颶風卡特里娜，威爾瑪和艾克，

the cyclones spread massive destruction with Andrew

旋風散發大規模的破壞，

causing 44 fatalities and $26 million of property damage

安德魯颶風造成44人死亡，

in Florida alone.

單單佛羅里達州就損失財產2600萬美元。

But before it even hit the Florida coast,

但在它甚至擊中了佛羅里達海岸之前，

it hit the Bahamas with high tides,

它用高潮、狂風，

hurricane force winds, and tornadoes where it caused

和龍捲風擊中了巴哈馬，

a whopping $250 million of damage four deaths.

造成了高達2.5億美元的損失，四人死亡。

With no electricity and no clean water many citizens

由於沒有電，也沒有乾淨的水，不少市民開始哄搶商店，

began looting stores which of course makes no sense

當然這是沒有意義的，

considering most of them were underwater, but hey!

考慮他們大部分人是在水下，但是，嘿！

It's a tough economy,

這是一個嚴峻的經濟形勢，

so a free water logged TV is still a free TV!

因此免費水紀錄的電視仍然是一個免費的電視！

Number six is the European Heatwave.

第六個是歐洲熱浪。

Between July and August of 2003,

在2003年7月到8月期間，

Europe was struck with the hottest summer on record

歐洲遭遇了自1540年有記錄以來的最熱的夏天

since 1540 with temperatures reaching 40 degrees Celcius

日常溫度達到40攝氏度

or higher daily.

或者更高。

Unfortunately, Europe was not too familiar with scorching

不幸的是，歐洲不是太熟悉那樣的炎炎夏季，

hot summers like that leaving them particularly vunerable

使他們特別容易

to its effects.

受到它的影響。

The heatwave caused a health crisis in several countries

熱浪在幾個國家中導致健康危機，

as well as a drought that led to crop shortages

以及乾旱導致作物短缺，

further worsening the problem.

進一步惡化問題。

Almost 15,000 casualties were recorded in France alone,

僅在法國就有近15000傷亡的紀錄，

where old people in nursing homes were vulnerable as well as

在那裡在養老院老人們

single family homes with no air conditioning systems.

以及沒有空調系統的單戶住宅是最容易受到影響的。

The blazing hot temperature dried up most of Europe

在炎熱的溫度下，造成歐洲大部分地區乾旱，

which caused forest fires and counter-intuitively

造成森林火災，

even flooding.

甚至與直覺相反的洪水。

Before its end, the heatwave was believe to have taken

在結束前，熱浪被認為已經

a total of 70,000 lives.

奪去了共計70,000人的生命。

I'd like to point out that ironlically,

我想指出的是，諷刺的是，

this heatwave occurred during the

國際淡水年期間，

International Year of Freshwater.

這股熱浪發生。

Oh, how cruel fate can be.

呵呵，多麼殘酷的命運。

Number seven is the Haiti Earthquake.

第七是海地地震。

What was once an unknown city in the Dominican Republic,

曾經是多明尼加共和國的一個陌生的城市，

blew up in international headlines when it was struck with a

當它2010年被大地震擊中，

massive earthquake in 2010.

成為了爆炸性的國際頭條新聞。

With a depth of 13 kilometers,

有著13公里的深度，

a 7.0 earthquake rocked Haiti on the 12th of January

1月12日太子港南部的7.0級地震

just south of Port au Prince.

震撼了海地。

The initial hit was followed by 59 aftershocks

最初的打擊後跟隨而來的是

ranging from 4.2 to 5.8 magnitudes and was the strongest

59次4.2到5.8級的餘震，

quake that hit the country since 1970.

這是該國自1970年以來遭受的最強地震。

The disaster led to over 200,000 deaths,

這場災難導致超過20萬人死亡，

2 million people homeless, and 3 million people

200萬人無家可歸，

in need of emergency aid.

300萬人需要緊急援助。

Thankfully, the country received so much media attention

值得慶幸的是，這個國家受到如此多的媒體的注意，

that a subsequent out poor of aid followed

隨後獲得援助，

totaling over $195 million.

總額超過1.95億美元。

As of 2013, still only half of the 10 million cubic meters

截至2013年，仍然只有一半的

of debris has been remove with 20% of that being recycled.

千萬立方米殘骸被搬走，其中20％被回收。

See?

明白了嗎？

The media is still sometimes used for good!

媒體有時仍然會用於好的方面的！

Y'know, when they're not trying to controlling your

你知道，當他們沒有試圖控制你的頭腦，

mind trying to keep you as a working zombie cog in a system

試圖讓你在讓富人更富的體制中

that's making rich men richer.

像殭屍小人物一樣工作。

What?

什麼？

Number eight is the Nevado Del Ruiz Volcano Irruption.

第八是內瓦·魯伊斯火山噴發。

The Colombian volcano, Nevado Del Ruiz,

哥倫比亞火山，內瓦多·魯伊斯，

is a stratovolcano that is known for causing the

是著名的造成20世紀的

second largest volcano related disaster of the 20th century.

第二個最大的火山相關的災難的成層火山。

Generally, the volcano would produce Plinian irruptions,

通常，火山將產生普林尼式噴發，

which are columns of gas and volcanic ash that extend

它們是擴散到大氣中的

into the atmosphere.

氣體柱和火山灰。

But on November 13 of 1985,

但在1985年11月13日，

the volcano turned ugly and produced an enormous

火山越演越烈，並產生一個巨大的

pyroclastic flow that buried and devastated the

火山碎屑流，埋葬和摧毀了

town of Armero in Tolima.

在托利馬的阿爾梅羅鎮。

Known as the Armero tragedy,

這被稱為阿爾梅羅悲劇，

the massive pyroclastic flow combined with a huge mud flow

大規模的火山碎屑流加上一個巨大的泥石流，

buried the town causing the death of 25,000 people.

掩埋了該鎮，造成25000人死亡。

Much of it could've been avoided because of early

它的大部分本來可能因早期預警跡象而避免，

warning signs but the concerns were dismissed as

但所關注的問題因太危言聳聽而沒有考慮，

too alarmist and nothing was done to avoid the tragedy.

並且沒有做什麼來避免悲劇的發生。

Y'know, if you think about it you really can't blame them

你知道嗎，如果你仔細想想，你真的不能責怪

for not panicking or even listening to the warnings.

他們不驚慌，甚至不聽警告。

I mean, they live next to a volcano.

我的意思是，他們住在一座火山旁邊。

After a while, the threat of living next to a potential

過了一會兒，住在一個潛在的迫在眉睫的

imminent danger source eh, the shock and awe of it

危險源旁邊的威脅，誒，

kinda goes away. So, y'know.

對它的震驚和敬畏消失。所以，你知道的。

Not their fault really.

真的不是他們的錯誤。

Number nine is the North Korean Famine.

第九是朝鮮的飢荒。

North Korea is known as a perfectly normal place

朝鮮被稱為一個完全正常的地方，

where nothing weird ever happens and it's led by a super

什麼奇怪的事也沒發生，

cool dude in a stellar jumpsuit,

它是由一個穿著恆星的連衣的

so it's surprising that the country would ever face

一個超級酷的傢伙領導，所以這個國家會

a disaster of any kind!

面對任何類型的災難，這是令人驚訝的！

Between 1994 and 1998,

在1994年和1998年期間，

a famine devastated the country with an estimated death toll

飢荒摧殘了這個國家，估計有

between 240,000 and 3.5 million caused by starvation

24萬至350萬人因飢餓

and other hunger related illnesses.

和其他飢餓有關的疾病死亡。

The event forever became known as the Arduous March.

該事件永遠成為著名的艱苦長征。

Of it's 24 million people,

2400萬人中，

5 million of them were malnourished including

其中500萬人營養不良，

800,000 children that were on the brink of starvation.

包括80萬在飢餓的邊緣的孩子。

Those citizens that were further from the capitol suffered

來自首都的這些市民遭受更大的飢慌，

greater but everyone in North Korea suffered

但在朝鮮的每個人

from this famine.

都遭受了飢荒。

The United States, Japan, South Korea, China, and other

美國，日本，韓國，中國和其他歐盟國家

European Union countries provided food assistance until 2002

提供糧食援助，直到2002年，

when the North Korean government requested that they

朝鮮政府要求他們

end deliveries.

結束交貨。

Obviously, because North Korea doesn't need help anymore.

很明顯，因為朝鮮不再需要幫助了。

They can feed their people just fine off of something

他們可以用更美味，更營養的東西，

tastier and more nourishing like grass.

如草，養活自己的人就好了。

(laughs)

（笑）

And number ten is New Zealand Earthquakes.