Name: TEDx】自我激勵的心理學｜Scott Geller｜TEDxVirginiaTech (【TEDx】The psychology of self-motivation | Scott Geller | TEDxVirginiaTech)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T05:50:51.000Z
Duration: 15 min 54 s

I think of rules, regulations, and restrictions.

And I think of the parents, and the teachers, and the supervisors,

who hold us accountable with regard to those boundaries.

也就是那些確保我們不違規的人們。

Yeah, I know, if you're like me, I need supervisors,

對，我知道，如果你是像我這樣的人， 我需要主管，

I need someone holding me accountable to do the right thing.

我需要有人監督，讓我去做正確的事情

But beyond boundaries is something different.

I think of those leaders, those teachers, those supervisors, those parents

讓我想到那些 領導人、老師、主管、父母，

who inspire us to go beyond the call of duty,

他們啟發我們除了盡責任以外，

to do it not because they tell us, but because we want to.

不是因為他們要求我們， 而是因為我們想要。

what the research says about how to make that happen.

關於如何讓這件事情發生的研究。

And not just for other people, but for yourself.

而且不是為了別人，而是為你自己。

Here is the deal, how could we inspire people and ourselves to be self-motivated?

事情是這樣的，我們如何 啟發別人、自己產生自我動機?

There is another word. It's called "empowerment".

Now, the management definition of empowerment is,

「把事情完成。把它解決掉就對了。

With fewer resources and less time, I empower you, make it happen."

用更少的資源和更短的時間， 我授權你，完成它吧。」

Feeling empowered is when you're self-motivated.

當你有自我動機時，賦權的感覺會出現。

Now, if you want to know if you feel empowered,

接著呢，如果你想知道 你是否感到被賦權，

or if your child, your student, your worker feels empowered,

或是你的小孩、學生、員工 是否感覺被賦權，

If they say yes to these three questions, they will feel empowered.

如果他們對這三個問題都回答「是」， 表示有被賦權的感覺。

this is not based on common sense,  this is based on research.

這不是來自常識，而是來自研究。

But you've all been there, so it'll feel like common sense.

但你們都遇過這些問題， 所以感覺就像常識。

Question number one: can you do it? Albert Bandura calls it self-efficacy.

第一個問題：你能辦到嗎? 艾爾伯特‧班杜拉(Albert Bandura)稱之為「自我效能」。

Do you have the time, the knowledge, and the training

你是否有時間、有知識和足夠的訓練

第二個問題：這件事情行得通嗎?

Do you believe that what we're asking you to do, the process, will work?

你相信我們要求你去做的事情、 那些流程，會行得通嗎?

Albert Bandura calls that response-efficacy:

艾爾伯特‧班杜拉稱為「回應效能」：

believing that the behavior would lead to the ultimate outcome.

相信自己所做的事可達到最終成效。

We have to show them the data, we might show them some theory,

我們必須給他們資料， 可能還需要告訴他們一些理論，

we show them, teach them why this might work.

讓他們知道、教導他們 為什麼這件事情可能會有用。

I just used the word 'education'. Earlier, I used the word 'training'.

我剛剛用了「教育」這個字。 以前我都講「訓練」。

In elementary school, we call it education.

Middle school: education. High school: education.

Then you go to industry, what do you call it?

You have your training department. There must be a difference.

你們有訓練部門。所以一定有差別。

好吧，現在你們知道其中差異了。

Do you want your kids to have sex education or sex training?

你希望你的小孩接受性教育還是性訓練?

And your kids might answer the question differently.

你們的小孩可能會有不同答案。

Because you know that training means you do the behavior and you get feedback.

因為你知道訓練代表 你做一件事然後得到回饋。

Have you ever heard this word 'online training'?

你們聽過「線上訓練」這個詞嗎?

I mean training is to watch the behavior,

我意思是，訓練是看著你做那件事，

but online training is like plastic silverware,

但線上訓練就像塑膠(銀)餐具、 (餐具英文包含"銀"字根: silverware)

jumbo shrimp, legal brief, country music.

巨大蝦米、訴訟摘要、鄉村音樂。

OK, so if you answer yes, till it will work,

好吧，如果你覺得可以，它可以奏效，

So we've had a training question, we've had an educational question;

所以我們已經有訓練的問題、 我們已經有教育的問題；

Do you believe the consequences-- This is about the consequences.

你是否相信它的結果-- 這和結果息息相關。

B.F. Skinner taught us this: "selection by consequences".

心理學大師斯金納(B.F. Skinner)告訴我們：「因結果而選擇」。

Dale Carnegie quoted B.F. Skinner and said

戴爾·卡耐基(Dale Carnegie)引用斯金納的言論，他說

everything you did was because you wanted something for doing it.

你所做的每件事都是因為 你想從中獲得些什麼。

So you have to convince people that it's worth it.

所以你必須說服人們這件事值得做。

Now, by the way, if you answer yes to those three questions,

接下來，順道一提，如果你對 三個問題的答案都是肯定的，

You feel competent at doing worthwhile work.

When you feel competent at doing worthwhile work,

You've been there. No one has to look over you.

你們都有這樣的經驗。 你不需要有人盯著你。

現在這是個挑戰，領導人們、老師們，

How do you inspire people to feel competent?

你怎麼啟發人們相信他們的能力?

Well, you give them feedback. You give them recognition.

你給他們回饋，你給他們認同。

你讓他們看到自己是有能力的。

OK. I got one more another C word: choice.

好，現在我有另一個C開頭的詞： 選擇(choice)。

When you believe you have a sense of autonomy,

a sense of choice in what you're doing, you feel more self-motivated.

覺得正在做的事情是自己的選擇， 你會更有自我動機。

B.F. Skinner taught us that, too, in his book "Beyond Freedom and Dignity",

這件事斯金納也在他的書 《超越自由與尊嚴》裡說過，

because I realized that I am controlled by consequences.

因為我意識到是結果在左右我，

但有時我並沒有感覺受到控制。

When I'm working for a pleasant consequence,

當我正在為愉快的結果工作時，

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TEDx】自我激勵的心理學｜Scott Geller｜TEDxVirginiaTech (【TEDx】The psychology of self-motivation | Scott Geller | TEDxVirginiaTech)

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