Name: 【TED】Nathan Myhrvold:這個脈衝光能消滅瘧疾嗎？(Nathan Myhrvold: Could this laser zap malaria? ) (【TED】Nathan Myhrvold: Could this laser zap malaria? (Nathan Myhrvold: Could this laser zap malaria?))
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T05:49:35.000Z
Duration: 15 min 42 s

the profit actually takes long enough that if it isn't fun,

獲利需要夠長的時間，如果做起來不好玩

but we also have a program where we invent for humanity --

但我們也有案件是為了人道而發明

where we take some of our best inventors,

在這些情況我們對我們最好的發明家說，

where we have a good idea for solving a problem the world has?" --

是我們能夠有好點子去解決世界上還存在的問題？

and to solve it in the way we try to solve problems,

我們試著用些誇張的，瘋狂的，

Bill Gates is one of those smartest guys of ours

比爾蓋茲是我們當中之一最聰明的

and he also funds this work, so thank you.

他同時也贊助這個計劃，謝謝您。

我們已經在某個程度上正在解決的過程上

But in the developing world a lot of vaccines

但是在發展中國家，很多的疫苗

and that's because they need to be kept cold.

Almost all vaccines need to be kept at refrigerator temperatures.

幾乎所有的疫苗都該存放在冷藏的溫度

and if you don't have stable power grid, this doesn't happen,

如果沒有穩定的電源，幾乎沒辦法做到

It's not just the loss of the vaccine that matters;

it's the fact that those kids don't get vaccinated.

These are Styrofoam chests. These are being carried by people,

這些是保利龍箱。圖中這些箱子由人背著來運送

but they're also put on the backs of pickup trucks.

有些時候用卡車來運送這些箱子

我們想出了一個不同的解決方法

will last for about four hours with ice in it.

裡頭放了冰塊，可以維持四個小時的低溫

And we thought, well, that's not really good enough.

可以在沒有電源的情況下維持六個月低溫

Now, this is our second generations prototype.

The third generation prototype is, right now,

Now, the reason we were able to come up with this

One is that this is similar to a cryogenic Dewar,

something you'd keep liquid nitrogen or liquid helium in.

so let's put some incredible insulation here.

所以我們把極佳的保溫效果用在這裡

which is, you can't reach inside anymore.

就是，你沒有辦法用手去裡頭拿

Because if you open it up and reach inside,

因為如果你打開蓋子伸手進去拿

you'd let the heat in, the game would be over.

So the inside of this thing actually looks like a Coke machine.

所以這個瓶子裡頭實際上看起來像個自動販賣機

which we hope is going to change the way vaccines are distributed

我們希望可以改變疫苗分發運送的方式

Malaria is one of the great public health problems.

瘧疾是其中一個嚴重的大衆健康問題

Esther Duflo talked a little bit about this.

每43秒在非洲有一個兒童死於瘧疾

And there's no way for us here in this country

我們在這個國家沒有辦法去體會

to grasp really what that means to the people involved.

這對病患的親朋來說是什麼意義

Well, there are a lot of things people have tried

You can spray; the problem is there are environmental issues.

你可以噴殺蟲劑；但問題是不環保

You can try to treat people and create awareness.

你可以試著去治療病患和讓他們對瘧疾有警覺性

That's great, except the places that have malaria really bad,

這很好，只是在瘧疾最嚴重的地區

People have tried for a long time. There are a couple of interesting candidates.

很多人試了很久。有幾個比較有趣的可能方案

It's a very difficult thing to make a vaccine for.

and bed nets are very effective if you use them.

如果蚊帳有被使用的話，效果是很好的

You don't always use them for that. People fish with them.

但蚊帳不只是被用來當蚊帳。有人用蚊帳來捕魚

【TED】Nathan Myhrvold:這個脈衝光能消滅瘧疾嗎？(Nathan Myhrvold: Could this laser zap malaria? ) (【TED】Nathan Myhrvold: Could this laser zap malaria? (Nathan Myhrvold: Could this laser zap malaria?))

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【TED】Nathan Myhrvold:這個脈衝光能消滅瘧疾嗎？(Nathan Myhrvold: Could this laser zap malaria? ) (【TED】Nathan Myhrvold: Could this laser zap malaria? (Nathan Myhrvold: Could this laser zap malaria?))

people

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vaccine

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