Or another way to say it is,

或者換個說法，

what's the most dangerous thing that you've ever done?

你做過最危險的事情是什麼？

And why did you do it?

你為什麼要做？

I know what the most dangerous thing is

我知道我到目前為止

that I've ever done

所做過最危險的事情，

because NASA does the math.

因為那是美國太空總署算出來的。

You look back to the first five shuttle launches,

你回想最初五次太空梭發射

the odds of a catastrophic event

發生災難的機率，

during the first five shuttle launches

在那五次發射當中

was one in nine.

是九分之一。

And even when I first flew in the shuttle

即使在我首次登上太空梭

back in 1995, 74 shuttle flight,

那一年，1995 年 編號 74 的太空梭飛行任務，

the odds were still now that we look back

現在我們回頭看，機率仍然有

about one in 38 or so -- one in 35, one in 40.

大約 1/38…1/35 或 1/40。

Not great odds, so it's a really interesting day

機率不算很高， 所以那天真的很有意思。

when you wake up at the Kennedy Space Center

你在甘迺迪太空中心醒來，

and you're going to go to space that day

當天就要升上太空，

because you realize by the end of the day

因為你了解在那一天的終了時，

you're either going to be floating effortlessly, gloriously in space,

你要不就是毫不費力 光榮地在太空中飄浮著，

or you'll be dead.

要不就是死了。

You go into, at the Kennedy Space Center,

你在甘迺迪太空中心

the suit-up room,

走進太空裝的著裝室，

the same room that our childhood heroes

那也是我們童年時嚮往的英雄

got dressed in,

著裝的地方，

that Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin got suited in

尼爾·阿姆斯壯及伯茲·艾德林 在那裡穿上太空裝後，

to go ride the Apollo rocket to the moon.

駕駛阿波羅號太空船奔向月球。

And I got my pressure suit built around me

而我被加壓的太空裝包裹著，

and rode down outside in the van

到外面乘坐廂型車

heading out to the launchpad --

往發射台直奔

in the Astro van -- heading out to the launchpad,

──在太空號廂型車內── 向發射台直奔，

and as you come around the corner

當你快到

at the Kennedy Space Center,

甘迺迪太空中心的轉角處時，

it's normally predawn, and in the distance,

通常是在黎明前，

lit up by the huge xenon lights,

遠處被巨大氙氣燈照亮著的

is your spaceship --

就是你的太空船──

the vehicle that is going to take you off the planet.

那即將帶著你離開地球的飛行器。

The crew is sitting in the Astro van

機組員坐在太空號車中，

sort of hushed, almost holding hands,

一片靜默，幾乎是手牽著手，

looking at that as it gets bigger and bigger.

看著那太空船變得愈來愈大。

We ride the elevator up

我們搭電梯上去，

and we crawl in, on your hands and knees

然後匍匐前進，

into the spaceship, one at a time,

四肢著地爬入太空船，一次一個人，

and you worm your way up

而你蠕行向上

into your chair and plunk yourself down

爬進你的座位，砰的一聲

on your back.

背靠著坐下。

And the hatch is closed,

接著艙口關了，

and suddenly,

突然間，

what has been a lifetime of both dreams and denial

你一輩子的夢想及否定

is becoming real,

就要成真，

something that I dreamed about,

我夢想的這件事，

in fact, that I chose to do when I was nine years old,

其實是在我九歲就選擇要做的事，

is now suddenly within not too many minutes

現在突然在短短幾分鐘內

of actually happening.

就要實現了。

In the astronaut business --

在太空人這行──

the shuttle is a very complicated vehicle;

太空梭是很複雜的飛行器，

it's the most complicated flying machine ever built.

它是史上最複雜的飛行機器。

And in the astronaut business, we have a saying, which is,

在太空人這行 有句玩笑話是這麼說的，

there is no problem so bad

事情還沒壞到最高點，

that you can't make it worse.

你還可以把它搞得更糟。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

And so you're very conscious in the cockpit;

所以在座艙內你的意識非常清楚，

you're thinking about all of the things

你心中想著各種

that you might have to do,

你大概得做的事，

all the switches and all the wickets you have to go through.

所有的開關，所有要通過的關卡。

And as the time gets closer and closer,

隨著時間愈來愈接近，

this excitement is building.

興奮的情緒逐漸增加。

And then about three and a half minutes before launch,

然後大約在發射前三分半鐘，

the huge nozzles on the back,

背後那跟大型教堂鐘 一樣大的巨大噴嘴

like the size of big church bells,

來回擺動著，

swing back and forth

這一大團東西

and the mass of them is such

搖晃著整個飛行器，

that it sways the whole vehicle,

好像這個飛行器在你底下活起來，

like the vehicle is alive underneath you,

就像跪著的大象站起來似的。

like an elephant getting up off its knees or something.

然後發射前 30 秒

And then about 30 seconds before launch,

飛行器完全活過來──

the vehicle is completely alive --

準備好要起飛了──

it is ready to go --

輔助動力系統正在運作，

the APUs are running,

電腦也很完備，

the computers are all self-contained,

準備好要離開地球。

it's ready to leave the planet.

然後發射前 15 秒，這個情景出現：

And 15 seconds before launch, this happens:

（影片）聲音：12、11、10、

(Video) Voice: 12, 11, 10,

九、八、七、六──

nine, eight, seven, six --

（太空梭準備起飛）

(Space shuttle preparing for takeoff)

──開始、二、一，

-- start, two, one,

助推器點火，發現號太空梭升空，

booster ignition, and liftoff of the space shuttle Discovery,

回到太空站，為未來鋪路。

returning to the space station, paving the way ...

（太空梭起飛）

(Space shuttle taking off)

克：這真的很強，

Chris Hadfield: It is incredibly powerful

能登上這東西。

to be on board one of these things.

你在一件遠超過你能力所及的

You are in the grip of something

東西的掌握之中，

that is vastly more powerful than yourself.

它晃動得這麼厲害使你無法專注

It's shaking you so hard you can't focus

在你面前的儀器上。

on the instruments in front of you.

就像一條碩大的狗對你張牙舞爪，

It's like you're in the jaws of some enormous dog

又有一隻腳正抵著你的後腰背，

and there's a foot in the small of your back

推著你上太空，

pushing you into space,

瘋狂加速直線向上，

accelerating wildly straight up,

在空氣中推擠出一條路，

shouldering your way through the air,

而你處在一個非常複雜的地方，

and you're in a very complex place --

要專心、要看著飛行器，

paying attention, watching the vehicle

經過一道道關卡，

go through each one of its wickets

而你的臉上綻放的微笑愈來愈大。

with a steadily increasing smile on your face.

兩分鐘後，固態火箭助推器爆炸脫落，

After two minutes, those solid rockets explode off

所以你只剩液態引擎，

and then you just have the liquid engines,

氫氣及氧氣，

the hydrogen and oxygen,

就好像你在高速賽車中，

and it's as if you're in a dragster

你的腳踩在車底，

with your foot to the floor

然後以你從沒經歷過的高速加速，

and accelerating like you've never accelerated.

你愈來愈輕，

You get lighter and lighter,

但重力拉著我們卻愈來愈重。

the force gets on us heavier and heavier.

這感覺就像

It feels like

有人在你身上倒水泥或什麼的。

someone's pouring cement on you or something.

直到最後，

Until finally,

大約八分 40 秒左右，

after about eight minutes and 40 seconds or so,

我們終於到達合適的高度，

we are finally at exactly the right altitude,

到達合適的速度，

exactly the right speed,

合適的方向，關掉引擎，

the right direction, the engine shut off,

我們變成失重狀態。

and we're weightless.

而且我們還活著。

And we're alive.

這是非常奇妙的經驗。

It's an amazing experience.

但我們為什麼要冒這個風險？

But why would we take that risk?

你為什麼要做這麼危險的事？

Why would you do something that dangerous?

以我的情況，答案很直接明瞭。

In my case the answer is fairly straightforward.

我還是年輕小伙子時就被啟發，

I was inspired as a youngster

瞭解到這是我想要做的事。

that this was what I wanted to do.

我看著第一批在月球漫步的人，

I watched the first people walk on the moon

對我而言這是很明顯的事，

and to me, it was just an obvious thing --

我想要把自己變成那樣。

I want to somehow turn myself into that.

但現實的問題是

But the real question is,

你要如何應付它的危險性

how do you deal with the danger of it

及它帶來的恐懼感？

and the fear that comes from it?

與危險比較，你要如何應付恐懼？

How do you deal with fear versus danger?

在心裡有了那樣的目標， 想著這可能帶來什麼結果，

And having the goal in mind, thinking about where it might lead,

引領我過著一種生活

directed me to a life of

是所有小細節都不肯放過，

looking at all of the small details to allow

只要能夢想成真、

this to become possible,

能夠升空、幫助建造太空站的生活。

to be able to launch and go help build a space station

你登上那座一百萬磅重的作品，

where you are on board a million-pound creation

以每秒鐘五英里的速度環繞地球，

that's going around the world at five miles a second,

每秒鐘八公里，

eight kilometers a second,

每天繞地球 16 次。

around the world 16 times a day,

在上面做的實驗讓我們瞭解

with experiments on board that are teaching us

宇宙是由什麼物質組成，

what the substance of the universe is made of

還要在裡頭做 200 個實驗。

and running 200 experiments inside.

但也許更重要的

But maybe even more importantly,

是讓我們以一種

allowing us to see the world in a way

其他方法都做不到的方式看世界，

that is impossible through any other means,

就是可以俯瞰

to be able to look down

——如果你的下巴掉得下來， 它真的就會掉下來——

and have -- if your jaw could drop, it would --

令人瞠目結舌華麗無比的轉動星球，

the jaw-dropping gorgeousness of the turning orb

就像一個會自轉的畫廊 掛滿了既奇幻

like a self-propelled art gallery of fantastic,

又不斷變化的美麗藝品， 即是這世界本身。

constantly changing beauty that is the world itself.

而因為這樣的速度，

And you see, because of the speed,

每 45 分鐘你就會 看到一次日出或日落，

a sunrise or a sunset every 45 minutes

持續半年之久。

for half a year.

而這行動最棒的部分

And the most magnificent part of all that

就是去外面太空漫步。

is to go outside on a spacewalk.

你在一艘單人太空船中，

You are in a one-person spaceship

就是你的太空裝，

that is your spacesuit,

你與世界同步，一同穿過宇宙，

and you're going through space with the world.

這是全然不同的角度，

It's an entirely different perspective,

你不是向上觀看宇宙，

you're not looking up at the universe,

你是與地球一同穿過宇宙。

you and the Earth are going through the universe together.

你以一隻手緊緊抓著，

And you're holding on with one hand,

看著在你身旁轉動的世界，

looking at the world turn beside you.

它無聲地呼嘯著，

It's roaring silently

傾瀉出各式各樣的顏色及質地

with color and texture as it pours by

在你旁邊，使你萬分著迷。

mesmerizingly next to you.

如果你能將視線移開，

And if you can tear your eyes away from that

去看看手臂底下

and you look under your arm

其餘的一切，

down at the rest of everything,

它是深不可測的黑暗，

it's unfathomable blackness,

帶著一種質地，你覺得 好像能把你的手伸進去似的。

with a texture you feel like you could stick your hand into.

而你以一隻手緊緊抓住

and you are holding on with one hand,

那與其他七十億人唯一的連結。

one link to the other seven billion people.

我第一次在外面太空漫步時，

And I was outside on my first spacewalk

我的左眼看不見了，

when my left eye went blind,

我不知道為什麼。

and I didn't know why.

突然我的左眼緊閉，

Suddenly my left eye slammed shut

痛得不得了，

in great pain

我搞不清楚為什麼眼睛看不到了。

and I couldn't figure out why my eye wasn't working.

那時我想，我該怎麼辦？

I was thinking, what do I do next?

我想，說不定這就，是我們 有兩隻眼睛的原因，

I thought, well maybe that's why we have two eyes,

所以我繼續工作。

so I kept working.

但不幸的是，在沒有重力下

But unfortunately, without gravity,

眼淚不能掉落。

tears don't fall.

所以就有一球愈來愈大， 不知道是什麼的東西

So you just get a bigger and bigger ball of whatever that is

混著你的眼淚，

mixed with your tears on your eye

直到最後，這顆球變得好大好大，

until eventually, the ball becomes so big

表面張力帶著它越過鼻樑，

that the surface tension takes it across the bridge of your nose

像個小瀑布似的，

like a tiny little waterfall

然後嘩地流入你另一隻眼，

and goes "goosh" into your other eye,

現在我完全看不見了，

and now I was completely blind

就在太空船外面。

outside the spaceship.

所以你做過最恐怖的事情是什麼？

So what's the scariest thing you've ever done?

（笑聲）

(Laughter)

也許是蜘蛛。

Maybe it's spiders.

很多人很怕蜘蛛，

A lot of people are afraid of spiders.

我想你應該要怕蜘蛛，

I think you should be afraid of spiders --

蜘蛛令人毛骨悚然， 而且牠們的腿又長又毛，

spiders are creepy and they've got long, hairy legs,

而且像這種蜘蛛，隱居褐蛛，

and spiders like this one, the brown recluse --

好可怕！如果隱居褐蛛咬你一口，

it's horrible. If a brown recluse bites you,

最後會留下 很可怕的大塊壞死組織

you end with one of these horrible, big necrotic things

在你的腿上，

on your leg

而現在說不定就有一隻

and there might be one right now

其實在你後面的椅子上坐著。

sitting on the chair behind you, in fact.

你怎麼會知道？

And how do you know?

所以一隻蜘蛛落到你身上，

And so a spider lands on you,

而你經歷一場大痙攣似的攻擊，

and you go through this great, spasmy attack

因為蜘蛛很可怕。

because spiders are scary.

但你也可能這麼問， 喂，到底有沒有隱居褐蛛

But then you could say, well is there a brown recluse

坐在我旁邊的椅子上？

sitting on the chair beside me or not?

我不知道。有看到隱居褐蛛嗎？

I don't know. Are there brown recluses here?

所以如果你真的做研究，你會發現

So if you actually do the research, you find out that

這世界有大約五萬種不同的蜘蛛，

in the world there are about 50,000 different types of spiders,

而在這五萬種中大約有

and there are about two dozen that are venomous

兩打是有毒的。

out of 50,000.

如果你是加拿大人，因為冬天很冷，

And if you're in Canada, because of the cold winters

在卑詩省這裡有大約 720、 730 種不同的蜘蛛，

here in B.C., there's about 720, 730 different types of spiders

只有一種，一種

and there's one -- one --

是有毒的，

that is venomous,

而且這種毒還不會致命，

and its venom isn't even fatal,

它只是個討厭的東西。

it's just kind of like a nasty sting.

而那種蜘蛛──不僅如此，

And that spider -- not only that,

那種蜘蛛身上有很美的花紋

but that spider has beautiful markings on it,

好像在說「我很危險。我背後 有很大的輻射標誌，我是黑寡婦。」

it's like "I'm dangerous. I got a big radiation symbol on my back, it's the black widow."

所以如果你稍微小心一點，

So, if you're even slightly careful

你就可以避免碰到這種蜘蛛。

you can avoid running into the one spider --

牠住的地方離地面很近，

and it lives close the ground,

你沿著路走，決不會穿越

you're walking along, you are never going to go through

上面有黑寡婦咬你的蜘蛛網下。

a spider web where a black widow bites you.

像這種的蜘蛛網不會那樣編，

Spider webs like this, it doesn't build those,

牠在地上的角落編蜘蛛網。

it builds them down in the corners.

而這是隻黑寡婦，

And its a black widow because

因為雌蜘蛛會吃掉雄蜘蛛，

the female spider eats the male;

牠一點也不在乎你。

it doesn't care about you.

所以其實

So in fact,

下次你走路碰到蜘蛛網，

the next time you walk into a spiderweb,

不用驚慌使出你的原始人反應。

you don't need to panic and go with your caveman reaction.

危險完全不同於恐懼。

The danger is entirely different than the fear.

但你要如何避免？

How do you get around it, though?

你要如何改變你的行為？

How do you change your behavior?

嗯，下次你看到一張蜘蛛網

Well, next time you see a spiderweb,

要仔細看一下，確定那不是黑寡婦的網，

have a good look, make sure it's not a black widow spider,

然後再穿過它。

and then walk into it.

然後你又看到另一張蜘蛛網，