a collaboration between Pixar Animation Studios

這是皮克斯動畫工作室與

- and the Khan Academy.

可汗學院的一項合作

- I'm Fran, I work here on the technical side of things.

我是Fran，負責技術層面

- And I'm Alex, I work here

我是Alex，

on the art and story side of things.

負責藝術和故事層面的事

- (Fran) Pixar In A Box will introduce you

Pixar In A Box 將介紹

to some of the fundamental skills we use to make our movies.

製作電影會用到的一些基本技能

- (Alex) There's examples of real life film challenges

這裡有許多電影製作在真實生活中面臨挑戰的例子

that show how an artist's idea can create

顯示藝術家的點子如何創造出

a tidal wave of technical creativity.

一波波的科技創新

And how technical advances can inspire

以及科技的進展

artists to think of new ideas to bring to the screen.

如何激發藝術家發想新的點子來搬上銀幕

You'll meet artists, scientists,

你會見到藝術家、科學家

animators, coders, sculptors,

動畫家、編碼員、雕刻家

all kinds of different people.

各種不同的人

- And the thing is, most of them use

事情是這樣的，他們多數人運用的

skills you may already be learning in school.

技能很可能你在學校都學過

But here in the Box, you can see how

但在Box這裡，你可以看到

we use those skills to make cool stuff.

我們如何運用這些技能來做很酷的東西

Before you dive into these lessons,

在開始進入這些課程前

you should see how it all fits together inside Pixar,

你應該來看看這些技能如何融合在皮克斯

the real Pixar.

真正的皮克斯裡

Come on, check it out.

來，一起來看看吧！

(light, flittering music)

(輕鬆振奮的音樂)

- At Pixar on any given day

每一天在皮克斯

we're working on various stages of many films.

我們製作電影裡的各式場景

- But it all begins with an idea.

但一切都始於一個點子

For example, Toy Story could have started like this.

舉個例子，《玩具總動員》的起源本該如此

- When kids leave the room the toys come to life.

孩子一離開房間，玩具全活了過來

See I always knew that my toys did that.

看吧，我一直都知道我的玩具會活過來

(scampering instrumental music)

(蹦蹦跳跳的樂器聲)

- Our films start in story,

我們的電影起於故事

along with the director and the writer

我們和導演及編劇

we figure out what happens using simple drawings.

一起用簡單的繪圖構思出劇情發展

- (Fran) It's kind of like a comic book.

有點像漫畫書

- (Alex) Exactly, and while we're drawing,

的確，我們畫的時候

production designers and their team start

製作設計師和他們的團隊就會著手

designing the world and the characters.

設計出動畫的世界和角色

(smooth, cheerful orchestral music)

(悅耳歡樂的弦樂聲)

While they're painting and drawing and scultping

他們在上色、繪圖和雕刻時

our storyboards go to editorial,

故事版就會送到剪輯室

where they string together all

他們會在裡頭將所有

the drawings that we've created.

我們畫的圖串在一起

- We time them out, add music, dialogue and sound effects.

我們會把時間暫停，配上音樂、對話和音效

(clicking)

(按鍵聲)

- He's the only one who knew what the heck was going

他是唯一知道發生了什麼事的人

aaaaaaahhhhhhh!

啊啊啊～

- And as these shots go through each stage in production,

當每個鏡頭都跑過製片的每一階段

we'll update the scene over and over again.

我們會一再更新場景

And this is where the science and the math come in.

就是在這裡融入了科學和數學

- Who knew what the heck was going

誰知道到底發生了什麼事

aaaaaaahhhhhhh!

啊啊啊～

(mischevious music)

（調皮的音樂聲）

- What's next?

下個是？

Pipeline, we're ready to start making the film you'll see

製作流程，我們準備好要開始製作

in the theater and this happens in a particular order.

你們將在戲院看到的電影，這個流程有特定程序

It's time for our technical artist to figure out

現在到了我們的技術美術想出

how we're going to create the movie in the computer.

如何在電腦中創造電影的時候了

- I've been here for nine years and I still have no idea

我在這裡待了九年卻還是不知道

how you guys turn our drawings into the finished film.

你們是怎麼將我們的畫變成電影的

- To be honest, something stumps us on every movie.

老實說，每部片都有一些需要克服的東西

- Hey Gailen.

嘿，Gailen

- Hey.

嘿

- You've been here since Toy Story,

從《玩具總動員》時期你就在這了

what's been hard on each film?

一部片困難的地方在？

- Well on Toy Story everything.

在《玩具總動員》裡一切都很難

Here let me show you.

我帶你來看看

On Toy Story we were inventing

我們在《玩具總動員》

the entire process from scratch.

從零開始創造了全部

Monsters Incorporated, fur and clothing.

結合怪獸、毛皮和衣服

On Cars, reflective metal surfaces.

在《汽車總動員》困難在於反光的金屬表面

On every new film there's a new technical challenge.

每一部新片都有一個新的技術上的挑戰

On Inside Out we had to deal with a character

在《腦筋急轉彎》裡我們必須做出一個

made of glowing particles and it took lots

由發光粒子組成的角色，單單這件事

of people to figure out just that one thing.

就花了許多人力才得以解決

- (Alex) Whoa, what is she made of?

哇，她是什麼做的？

- Her shape will be made of points and particles of light.

她的形狀是由光的點和粒子組成

She was tough, this is the 17th version.

她很硬，這是第17個版本

- And the characters have to move,

這些角色必須要能動

so someone has to add controls to the model.

所以必須加裝控制器在模型上

- Like a puppet, right?

就像傀儡一樣，對嗎？

- Yes, except instead of strings,

對，但不是用線來操控

our animators will use a computer program

動畫家會運用一個電腦程式

to move the characters in a digital world.

來讓這些角色在數位世界裡可以活動

(bemused music)

（令人困惑的音樂）

Next in the pipeline, sets.

下個流程是佈景

(playful music)

（嬉鬧的音樂）

- (Alex) So for Cars 2 you built the entire city of London?

在《Cars 2：世界大賽》中，你們建造出整個倫敦？

- We needed a huge chunk of the city

我們需要很多倫敦的場景

because Mayor and McQueen speed through it.

因為Mayor和McQueen會急駛而過這裡

So we figured out to grow buildings

所以就想出要為他們建造

with enough variation for them to look real.

有足夠變化且逼真的建築物

- (Fran) And we move through that set

我們用虛擬攝影機

with our virtual cameras.

模擬那個場景

Next up, animation.

接下來是動畫

- I do know what the animators do.

我知道動畫家都在做什麼

They bring the characters to life.

他們賦予角色生命

- (Fran) You see how she's moving but

你可以看到她是怎麼動的

her clothes and hair are missing?

但她沒穿衣服，沒有頭髮？

Adding and moving those elements is going to be

加入或移動這些元素是

someone else's job further down the pipeline.

後續製作流程中其他人的工作

And by somebody else, I mean me

這裡的其他人指的是

and about 20 other simulation technical artists.

我和20個左右的模擬技術美術

Where are you getting all these shirts?

你從哪裡變出這些衣服的？

We have to build everything you see,

我們必須造出所有你看到的東西

including the textures and surfaces

包括它們的質地和表面

which help make the world and characters believable.

才能讓這個動畫世界和角色逼真

Next stop, lighting.

下一站，燈光

- Ironically it's really dark in the lighting department.

諷刺的是，燈光部門非常暗

(playful music)

（嬉鬧的音樂）

So when you start, there are no lights?

剛開始是沒有燈光的？

- No any source of light is something

對，任何光源都是

we have to add into the scene.

我們為這個場景加上的

In this shot alone there are 230 lights.

光這個鏡頭就有230道燈光

- (Fran) Last stop, the Renderfarm.

最後一站，Renderfarm.

- A film is really a series of images or frames.

電影其實是一系列的影像或影格

There's 24 of them every second.

每一秒有24個影格

(light, moving music)

（輕巧靈動的音樂）

- (Fran) This is where we make the frames.

我們在這裡製作影格

Everything comes together here,

所有東西都在這裡做結合

all the art, math and science.

所有的藝術、數學和科學

A single frame can take more than 24 hours to render,

單一個影格可能要花上24小時才能完成

and that's just one frame,

單一個影格而已

and that's assuming we don't run into any snags.

我們就來假定不會碰到任何釘子

- Whoa! (thuds)

哇喔！（砰的一聲）

(soaring orchestral music)

（高聳入雲的弦樂聲）

- Wow, it's incredible seeing final shots.

哇，能看到最後幾個鏡頭真不可思議

And now that I know how they're made, even cooler.

現在我知道動畫是怎麼做的，覺得動畫更酷了

- So that's the tour, our next step is to

導覽結束，我們接下來要

jump back into the Box and choose a lesson.

回到Box，然後選門課

What do you want to try?

你想要選什麼？

- Well this one on building robots using combinatorics,

我想選運用組合學建築機器人的這門課

that looks pretty cool.

看起來很酷

- What about the one on sets and staging?

關於佈景和上演的這門如何？

- Yeah or the one on animating The Incredibles.

也可以，或是製作《超人特攻隊》動畫的這門

- (Fran) Awesome, I always wanted to animate.

太好了，我一直很想製作動畫

(silly trumpet music)

（愚蠢的小號聲）