As you all know, Oscar Wilde is quite famous for a lot of quotes.

大家都知道，奧斯卡-王爾德的名言頗多。

One of them goes as follows.

其中之一如下：

If you wanna tell people the truth, make them laugh, otherwise they might kill you.

如果你想告訴別人真相，就要讓他們笑，否則他們可能會殺了你。

[LAUGH].

[笑]：

>> As you might have guessed, we're gonna talk about humor.

>>你可能已經猜到了，我們'要談談幽默。

And more specifically, about its function and

更具體地說，關於其功能和

its overall significance in effective communication.

其在有效溝通中的整體意義。

Let me start first with a story, an anecdote.

我先講一個故事，一個軼事。

Once upon a time, there was a king's court.

從前，有一個國王'的法庭。

And there was a beloved and very successful jester.

還有一個深受人們喜愛的、非常成功的小丑。

He would amuse the king and all the people by the king, but

他將以國王和所有的人逗樂，但。

one day he actually crossed the line a bit and he insulted his king.

有一天，他居然有點越界了，他侮辱了他的國王。

The king was completely infuriated so he ordered that the jester be executed.

國王完全被激怒了，於是他下令將小丑處死。

Now what happened was that the court which loved the, the jester, pleaded by

現在發生的事情是，法院愛的小丑，懇求通過。

the king to at least let the jester decide on the way that he should die.

國王至少要讓小丑決定他的死法。

The king actually granted that request and asked to jester.

國王居然答應了這個要求，並要求開玩笑。

And the jester, true to his form he said, my lord,

而小丑，真真切切的他說，大人。

if it's all the same to you, I shall prefer to die of old age.

如果對你來說都一樣，我寧願老死。

>> [LAUGH].

>> [笑]。

>> So in that sort of whimsical and

>>所以，在那種異想天開和

humorous response, the jester was able to save his own life.

幽默的迴應，小丑得以保全自己的生命。

On a more realistic and

更為現實和

serious note from real life, that gentleman behind me is Norman Cousins.

嚴肅的現實生活中，我身後的那位先生是諾曼-考辛斯。

He was a professor of medicine at UC Berkeley.

他是加州大學伯克利分校的醫學教授。

In 1964, I think, in the 1960s, he did a trip to Russia.

1964年，我想，在20世紀60年代，他做了一次俄羅斯之旅。

He came back and he had contracted serious heart disease.

他回來了，他得了嚴重的心臟病。

What he chose for his treatment along a lot of scientific and medical

他選擇了什麼治療方法，沿著很多科學和醫療

options was to include laughter and comedy as part of his therapeutic methods.

選擇是將笑聲和喜劇作為其治療方法的一部分。

So he'd watch funny films, he's listen to funny clips.

所以他'會看搞笑的電影，他'會聽搞笑的片段。

He'd actually try to laugh more.

他'其實會試著多笑。

And he realized that laughter and

他意識到，笑聲和

humor really had an anesthetic effect similar to that of painkillers.

幽默真的有類似止痛藥的麻醉作用。

But now let's move from the realm of anecdotes and stories to the actual

但是，現在讓我們從軼事和故事的領域轉向實際的。

science behind humor and its use in our lives and in effective communication.

幽默背後的科學，以及幽默在我們生活和有效溝通中的運用。

Angela is gonna give a deep dive into the real science.

安吉拉將深入淺出地介紹真正的科學。

[SOUND].

[聲音]：

>> So what is humor?

>>那麼什麼是幽默呢？

And more importantly, how can it help us when we think about communicating?

而更重要的是，當我們思考交流時，它能給我們帶來什麼幫助？

A hundred years ago, Charles Darwin compared humor to tickling of the brain,

一百年前，查爾斯-達爾文把幽默比作大腦的癢癢。

and actually it turned out that he wasn't that far off.

而實際上事實證明，他並沒有'那麼遠。

I'm going to give you the one minute sort of humorless overview of what

我'要給你一分鐘的那種毫無幽默感的概述是什麼？

humor does to our brains and

幽默對我們的大腦和

bodies and why it's so important to include as a communication tool.

體，以及為什麼它作為一種交流工具如此重要，包括。

So, studies have found that humor impacts us in three ways.

所以，研究發現，幽默會從三個方面影響我們。

First, it's good for our minds, second, it's good for

首先，它對我們的心靈有好處，其次，它對我們的心靈有好處。

our bodies, and third, it improves our social relationships.

我們的身體，第三，它改善了我們的社會關係。

In terms of our brains, you can see behind me the composite results of hundreds of

在我們的大腦方面，你可以看到我身後的幾百個綜合結果。

studies that were done on different types of patients, on different types of jokes.

對不同類型的病人、不同類型的笑話進行的研究。

The big-level takeaway is that humor engages your entire brain and

大層面的啟示是，幽默能讓你的整個大腦參與進來，並能讓你的生活變得更美好。

this is why it's so good for engaging your attention and improving your memory.

這就是為什麼它'對吸引你的注意力和提高你的記憶力這麼好。

The other thing that we can notice about the brain and

另一件事，我們可以注意到大腦和。

humor is that it, it's a two step process.

幽默的是，它，它'是一個兩步走的過程。

First, cognitive processes kick in.

首先，認知過程啟動。

And second an emotional process kicks in that allows us to actually enjoy a joke.

其次一個情感過程啟動，讓我們真正享受一個笑話。

In other words,

換句話說

it's something that encompasses our whole being when we find something funny.

它'的東西，包括我們整個人，當我們發現有趣的東西。

Second, humor is good for our bodies.

其次，幽默對我們的身體有好處。

Medical studies have shown that when we laugh, our muscles relax,

醫學研究表明，當我們大笑時，我們的肌肉就會放鬆。

our blood pressure drops and actually, our immunity is even boosted.

我們的血壓會下降，實際上，我們的免疫力甚至會提高。

So the science actually shows that humor is good as a medicine for disease.

所以其實科學表明，幽默作為治療疾病的良藥是很好的。

And finally, third, as we've all experienced.

最後，第三，我們'都經歷過。

Humor is good for our social relationships.

幽默有利於我們的社會關係。

It allows us to diffuse tension in a situation or

它可以讓我們化解緊張的局勢或

address a difficult topic in a way that kind of allows us to laugh together.

用一種讓我們一起歡笑的方式來解決一個困難的話題。

So with these three reasons in mind why humor can be such a powerful

所以，有了這三個理由，為什麼幽默會有這麼大的威力？

communication tool, Mahmoud is going to walk us through some practical examples.

溝通工具，Mahmoud將帶領我們瞭解一些實際的例子。

Of this in practice and how it can really work.

的實踐，以及如何才能真正發揮作用。

>> We looked at three areas where humor could be used in

>>我們研究了三個領域，在這些領域中可以使用幽默。

a good way to improve our, our presentation skills, basically.

一個很好的方式來提高我們的，我們的演講技巧，基本上。

The first one is introducing levity.

第一個是引入浮躁。

And here is typically we are dealing with complex situation, and

而這裡通常我們要處理的是複雜的情況，而。

we want to make sure that we sen, we send the message very simply.

我們要確保我們的sen，我們發送的資訊非常簡單。

And in such a nice way to the audience.

而且是以這麼好的方式向觀眾。

The second, the second area where we looked at is

第二個，我們看的第二個領域是什麼？

making the message very powerful.

使得資訊非常有力。

There is a statement word that we use, there's a phrase that we use in

有一個陳述詞，我們用，有一個短語，我們用在

the businesses school when we are describing the product market [UNKNOWN].

當我們在描述產品市場[UNKNOWN]的時候，企業學校。

Which basically goes like, you want the food to eat their own the food.

基本上是這樣的，你要吃自己的食物的食物。

And, basically, that phase has been said in, in 1970, and

而且，基本上，這個階段已經在，1970年說過了。

we still remember it because of the humor aspect of it.

我們仍然記得它，因為它的幽默方面。

And the fifth area where humor can be used very effectively in presentation,

而第五個方面，幽默可以非常有效地運用在演講中。

in a presentation is to break the ice and engage very nicely with your audience.

在演講中，就是要打破僵局，與聽眾很好地互動。

We then throw out the [UNKNOWN].

然後我們把[未知]扔出去。

That, that having a conversation with the audience is it's such a nice way to

那，與觀眾的對話是它'是這樣一個很好的方式來

reduce the anxiety.

減少焦慮。

And now let's, let's look at one example where we thought levit,

現在讓我們'的，讓我們'的看一個例子，我們認為levit。

humor was used very nicely in levity.

幽默在浮躁中被運用得非常好。

In the White House correspondence.

在白宮的通信中。

Basically it's a dinner where the, where the President of the United State, and

基本上，它是一個晚宴，在那裡，美國總統，和。

in this case Barack Obama get an event where the national press in DC and

在這種情況下，巴拉克-奧巴馬得到的事件，全國媒體在DC和。

basically they take a moment to relax, get out of the wheel and laugh.

基本上，他們採取了片刻放鬆，走出車輪和笑。

And if you look and their kind of interaction in the past

如果你看看和他們過去的互動情況

year they're basically going toes and toes to toes together.

年他們基本上是腳尖和腳尖一起走。

And, and, and if you look at the, if you look at the,

而且，和，如果你看的，如果你看的。

basically at the dinner, you would feel three things that impact you.

基本上在晚宴上，你會感受到三樣東西對你的影響。

First of, first of all, the first impact that it had in our service,

首先，首先，它在我們服務中產生的第一個影響。

the person came on like a very natural and authentic.

這個人就像一個非常自然和真實的人。

And basically brings the, the human aspect of them, and

基本上帶來了他們的，人性的一面，和。

make us connect with them very well.

使我們與他們很好地聯繫在一起。

If the second thing that we,

如果第二件事，我們。

we felt as an impact on ourself when we looked at the White House correspondent,

我們在看白宮記者的時候，我們覺得是對自己的一種衝擊。

it's basically helped the whole thing to reset and start a new conversation.

它'的基本上幫助整個事情重新設定並開始新的對話。

And the third one is basically repositioning energy and

而第三種基本上是重新定位能量和。

engaging, we'll see this conversation in the future.

吸引人，我們'未來會看到這種對話。

So let's have a look.

所以，讓我們'看看吧。

>> I usually start these dinners with a few self-deprecating jokes.

>>我通常會以一些自嘲的笑話開始這些晚餐。

After my stellar 2013, what could I possibly talk about?

在2013年的輝煌之後，我還能說些什麼呢？

>> [LAUGH].

>> [笑]。

>> I admit it.

>>我承認。

Last year was rough.

去年很不順利。

Sheesh.

Sheesh.

>> [LAUGH]

>> [笑]

>> At one point things got so bad the 47% called Mitt Romney to apologize.

＆gt;＆gt;有一次，事情變得如此糟糕，47％的人打電話給米特羅姆尼道歉。

>> [LAUGH].

>> [笑]。

>> Of course we rolled out healthcare.gov.

>>當然，我們推出了healthcare.gov。

[BLANK_AUDIO]

[BLANK_AUDIO]

That could have gone better.

本來可以做得更好的。

[LAUGH].

[笑]：

>> The second thing we want to talk about is using humor to amplify the power of

>>我們要談的第二件事是用幽默來放大力量。

your message.

你的資訊。

So in this class we've seen clips from The Daily Show.

所以在這節課上，我們'看過《每日秀》的片段。

And one of the things that we've noticed is that Jon Stewart is incredibly

而我們注意到的一件事是，喬恩-斯圖爾特是令人難以置信的。

effective at bringing humor to the specific political issue that

有效地將幽默感帶入到具體的政治問題中去。

he wanted to focus on and he wanted to highlight.

他想關注的，他想強調的。

And we thought that this was an incredibly,

我們認為，這是一個令人難以置信的。

incredibly effective way to make his message even more poignant.

令人難以置信的有效方式，使他的資訊更加尖銳。

But we wanted to bring something that we could relate to.

但我們想帶來一些我們能感受到的東西。

That's a national scale on a daily basis.

這'是全國規模的日常。

We wanted to think about the GSB.

我們想考慮一下GSB的問題。

Every year the GSB puts on the GSB show.

每年GSB都會舉辦GSB展會。

>> [LAUGH].

>> [笑]。

>> It allows the writers of the show to perhaps make their own

>>它讓節目的編劇可以或許做出自己的

statements about the environment that they go to school.

關於他們上學的環境的陳述。

In this clip, they've taken a panel and the panel is basically serving

在這個片段中，他們已經採取了一個面板和麵板基本上是服務於

as the staff that looks over kind of everything that we have to do.

作為工作人員，看著樣的一切，我們必須做的。

To schedule which has its fair share of red tape.

安排好時間，其中有不少繁文縟節。

This is how they decided to present it.

這就是他們決定提出的方式。

>> Good morning, welcome to the Center of Initiatives for Research Curriculum in

>>上午好，歡迎大家來參加研究性課程的倡議中心在

Learning Experiences, Joint Education, Representation Knowledge.

學習體驗，聯合教育，表徵知識。

>> [LAUGH].

>> [笑]。

>> Or as we like to call it, the CIRCLE JERK.

>>或者我們喜歡叫它，CIRCLE JERK。

>> [LAUGH].

>> [笑]。

>> There's a message there that perhaps-

>>那裡有一條資訊，也許--------。

>> [LAUGH].

>> [笑]。

>> More bluntly couldn't be communicated.

>>更直白的說無法溝通。

But, using humor as it's vehicle, I think that they get their point across.

但是，以幽默作為它'的載體，我認為他們把自己的觀點表達出來了。

Now, we have to say at this point, we're very aware of our pandering.

現在，我們不得不說，在這一點上，我們'很清楚我們的迎合。

We're gonna go from JD's favorite person ,John Stewart.

我們要去從JD最喜歡的人，約翰-斯圖爾特。

To Deity's actual favorite person, Ken Dagle.

致迪迪'實際最喜歡的人，肯-達格。

>> [LAUGH]

>> [笑]

>> We think humor is an incredibly effective way at creating comfort with

>> 我們認為幽默是一種令人難以置信的有效方式，可以讓人感到舒適。

your audience, both for the speaker and for the audience.

你的聽眾，無論是對演講者還是對聽眾。

Everyone in this class went through the exercise with Ken.

這個班級的每個人都和靳老師一起進行了練習。

And all that was meant to do, was bring down our anxiety, so

而所有這些都是為了讓我們的焦慮降下來，所以...

that when we were randomly called to the stage,

當我們被隨機叫到舞臺上時。

we were able to effectively communicate with our audience.

我們能夠有效地與觀眾進行溝通。

We wanted to focus on the humor of that.

我們想把重點放在這一點的幽默上。

In that span, in that class, we laughed.

在那個跨度，在那個班級，我們笑了。

We laughed a lot, we were uncomfortable.

我們笑得很開心，很不自在。

But what we saw by the end of that was incredibly effective communication across

但是，我們在最後看到的是令人難以置信的有效的溝通，跨

a couple different functions.

幾個不同的功能。

We saw great posture.

我們看到了偉大的姿態。

We saw a lot of confidence in the way that you stood and delivered.

我們從你們的站姿和表現中看到了很多信心。

We saw much fewer filler words, which to us,

我們看到的填詞少了很多，這對我們。

suggests a great comfort with who you're presenting to.

表明你對自己的展示對象感到很舒服'。

We stopped creative topics.

我們停止了創意課題。

I think we all remember Abby's love for the green juice blender.

我想大家都還記得艾比'對綠汁攪拌器的喜愛。

And we just saw a compelling presence.

而我們剛剛看到了一個引人注目的存在。

One of the things we love about humor is that we think it

我們喜歡幽默的原因之一是，我們認為它是

gives you a presence to your audience.

給你的觀眾一個存在感。

Now we'll ask Manolis to come wrap it up.

現在我們'會叫馬諾里斯來收尾。

[BLANK_AUDIO]

[BLANK_AUDIO]

So, it is quite clear, that humor can be a very powerful agent, and

所以，很明顯，幽默可以成為一種非常強大的媒介，而且。

a very powerful tool, in your verbal and non-verbal communication.

一個非常強大的工具，在你的語言和非語言溝通。

What I would like you to remember is that humor is tied to the very holy grail of

我想讓你們記住的是 幽默是與神聖的聖盃聯繫在一起的。

effective communication, the well-known aim structure.

有效溝通，眾所周知的目的結構。

So in terms of the audience,

所以在閱聽人方面。

what humor does is actually create a level of comfort and trust.

幽默的作用實際上是創造一種舒適和信任的程度。

It also makes the presenter more likeable and more relatable.

這也讓主持人更喜歡，更有親和力。

This is exactly what we saw at the, at the, at the exercise with Ken Dagle.

這正是我們在肯-達格的演習中看到的。

Secondly, humor can be ba, a very powerfully agent in transmitting and

其次，幽默可以巴，是一種非常強大的媒介，在傳播和。

bearing the presenter's intent.

帶著主持人的意圖'。

That's what we saw in the anecdotal story about the jester who

這就是我們在關於小丑的軼事中所看到的。

managed through humor and through that whimsical way to save his own life.

通過幽默，通過那種異想天開的方式來挽救自己的生命。

And what is a higher intent than actually saving the presenter's life?

還有什麼比真正挽救主持人的生命更高的意圖呢'？

And thirdly, humor can be a very powerful tool in amplifying and

第三，幽默可以是一個非常強大的工具，在放大和放大的過程中。

bearing the message.

帶著資訊。

And making eh, comments which would otherwise be quite caustic and

並作出呃，評論，否則將是相當尖刻和。

all, almost blunt.

都，幾乎是直白的。

And this is what we all, our classmates did using the GSB

這就是我們大家，我們的同學們用GSB做的事情

show regarding the efficacy of the administration.

顯示關於管理的功效。

There's some very good news for all of you.

有一些非常好的消息要告訴大家。

You can start right away to find ways to employ humor in your presentations.

你可以馬上開始尋找在演講中運用幽默的方法。

There are multiple resources which are free and easily accessible.

有多種資源是免費的，很容易獲得。

[UNKNOWN] has a lot of content on YouTube.

[UNKNOWN]在YouTube上有很多內容。

You can see great speakers who have actually based their

你可以看到偉大的演講者，他們實際上已經基於他們的

very presentation skills on humor itself.

對幽默本身很有表現技巧。

You can also find a lot of articles which are gonna teach you how to

你也可以找到很多的文章，這是要教你如何

use humor effectively in verbal communication.

在語言交流中有效地運用幽默。

A lot of books, which take a more scientific approach to the subject.

很多書，都是採取比較科學的方法來處理這個問題。

And a lot of webinars and videos on humor itself and

還有很多關於幽默本身的網絡研討會和視頻，以及。

on even more specific subjects around employing humor in communication.

圍繞在溝通中運用幽默的更具體的主題。

Thanks very much for your attention.

非常感謝您的關注。

[MUSIC]

[Music]