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  • Petrichor is the smell of dust after rain. It's a combination of plant oils, bacteria

    「潮土油」是泥土雨後散發的氣味,它是由植物油脂、細菌

  • and ozone. But this doesn't tell the whole story. Petrichor smells, well dusty. How does

    和臭氧所組成,但這並非事情的全部。潮土油聞起來像,嗯...像土

  • the smell get from the ground to our noses?

    這股氣味是怎麼從土裡傳到我們鼻子裡呢?

  • A recent study from researchers at MIT suggests an aerosol effect is a main cause of the smell

    麻省理工學院研究員的近期研究提出「氣溶膠效應」是造成這種

  • of dust after a light rain.

    小雨後泥土味的主因

  • We all know the smell. On a summer day when the air has been stale and hot for days and suddenly

    我們都知道,在炎炎夏日,好幾天空氣不流通又熱,突然

  • a summer shower provides some relief. When we venture out to greet the world anew, we're met

    降下的陣雨帶來救贖。當我們踏出戶外迎接全新的世界,我們

  • with one of the most unique smells on the planet. It's a smell as old as time itself,

    碰到了地球上最特別的氣味之一。這氣味和時間一樣古老

  • but it went without a name for a surprisingly long time. Petrichor was coined by two scientists,

    但它好長一段時間沒有名字。「潮土油」是在1964年,由兩位科學家,

  • Isabel Joy Bear and R. G. Thomas of Australia's Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research

    澳洲聯邦科學與工業研究組織的Isabel Joy Bear和R. G. Thomas

  • Organization, in 1964. The word uses Greek term, Petra-meaning stone, and ichor, the

    所命名。這個字是希臘語,petra-是石頭的意思,而ichor是

  • special substance that flows in the veins of gods.

    在神的血管中流動的特殊物質

  • But the mechanism behind Petrichor was a bit of a mystery until MIT scientists captured

    但是潮土油背後的機制一直是個謎,直到麻省理工學院的科學家拍攝到

  • slow motion images of falling water drops. The videos revealed that rain drops trap air

    雨滴落下的慢動作影像。這支影片揭露雨滴會困住氣泡

  • bubbles. When they hit the ground, the bubbles capture small molecules from the soil. These

    當雨滴到達地面,氣泡會抓住土壤中的小分子

  • molecules bubble up and release aerosols, not unlike the bubbles in a glass of champagne.

    這些分子變成氣泡並釋出氣溶膠,有點像又不太像香檳裡的氣泡

  • Capturing this common occurrence took a little while. The scientists performed over 600 experiments

    捕捉這常見的現象花了一點時間,科學家進行超過600次實驗

  • dropping water on 28 different surfaces. 12 artificial surfaces and 16 soil samples. To

    將水滴在28種不同表面上,12種是人工表面,16種是土壤樣本

  • recreate the different types of rainfall, light and heavy and everything in between,

    為了重現雨滴的不同種類,輕的、重的和之間所有形式

  • they varied the height. The higher the drop, the faster it fell. They found a Goldilocks

    他們改變高度,水滴在越高處,下降速度越快,他們發現有金髮女孩效應

  • effect. The most aerosols were produced when the porous surface wasn't too wet or too

    最多氣溶膠產生的時機在於,當多孔表面不是太潮濕或太乾燥

  • dry and when the rain wasn't too fast or too slow. If the rain falls too fast, there's

    以及當雨下得不是太急或太緩,若雨下得太急

  • not enough time for the bubbles to form. So that's how the smell gets in the air, but

    便沒有足夠時間讓氣泡成形。這就是這氣味飄散到空中的方法,然而

  • what is the smell made up of?

    這個氣味是由什麼所組成的?

  • Previous studies suggest that the smell comes from oil given off by plants during dry periods

    先前的研究認為該氣味來自植物在乾季時所釋放

  • that falls on top clay and dirt.

    落在泥土和土壤上的油脂

  • Speaking of dirt, another part of petrichor comes from bacteria from the genus

    說到土壤,潮土油的另一部份來自放線菌屬的

  • actinomycetes. The same bacteria that are responsible for a recent break in

    細菌,就是最近在抗生素的突破有功的同一種細菌

  • antibiotics. When these bacteria die, they release an organic compound called Geosmin,

    當這些細菌死亡,它們會釋出一種稱為「土霉味(geosmin)」的有機化合物

  • which comes from the greek "earth smell". This is the damp, musty, strong well, earthy

    在希臘語中是「土壤的氣味」的意思。這是一種在暴雨後潮濕、發霉、強烈、嗯...土壤的

  • smell after a storm. Human noses are extremely sensitive to the compound, we sniff it out

    味道。人類的鼻子對這種化合物非常敏感,只要有

  • it just 5 parts per TRILLION. It's a harmless chemical, while we love it outside, it can

    5ppt(兆分之五)我們就能聞到。它是無害的化學物質,我們喜歡在戶外聞到它

  • reduce the quality of drinking water and wine.

    但是它會降低飲用水和酒的品質

  • The smell of storms comes from ozone. A word which also has it's roots in greek for "smell".

    暴雨的氣味來自於臭氧(ozone),這個字的字根在希臘語是「嗅」的意思

  • Ozone is an alternative form of oxygen. While ground level Ozone is an icky, harmful smog,

    臭氧是氧氣的另一種形式,雖然地面的臭氧是討人厭、有害的煙霧

  • atmospheric Ozone helps block some of the sun's most damaging rays. Storm-related

    但大氣層中的臭氧幫助屏蔽太陽光中一些最具破壞性的輻射。和暴雨相關的

  • ozone is created when an electrical charge splits atmospheric nitrogen and oxygen molecules

    臭氧產生於當一個電荷將大氣中的氮氣和氧氣分子

  • into separate atoms. A few chemical reactions later, the oxygen reorganizes itself. Most

    拆散成分開的原子。經過一些化學反應,氧原子重新排列

  • atmospheric oxygen is made up of two atoms. the typical O2. Yet during a storm, the reorganized

    大氣中大多的氧是由兩個氧原子所組成,也就是常見的O2。但在暴雨中,重新排列的

  • oxygen forms O3. The O3 is pushed down from the atmosphere by downdrafts, allowing us

    氧原子組成O3,O3被下沉氣流從大氣層帶下來,使我們

  • to sniff this stormy scent.

    聞到風暴的氣息

  • Scientist still haven't found a way to bottle Petrichor. They've tried. How many candles

    科學家尚未找到將潮土油裝瓶的方法,他們已經盡力了。多少蠟燭

  • and laundry detergents have names like "spring rain". Most artificial scents haven't

    和洗衣精都有「春雨」之類的名字。多數人造香氣都

  • come close because Petrichor is so complex and some compounds exist only in small traces

    仿造不來,因為潮土油很複雜而且有些化合物只有微量

  • that can't be detected by some machines. I wish they'd hurry up though, I'm tired

    一些儀器偵測不到。但我希望他們能快點,我已經厭倦

  • of waiting.

    等待了

  • So do you love the smell of rain? Let me know in the comments below

    你們喜歡下雨的味道嗎?在下面的留言告訴我吧...

Petrichor is the smell of dust after rain. It's a combination of plant oils, bacteria

「潮土油」是泥土雨後散發的氣味,它是由植物油脂、細菌

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