Name: 覺得電影的特效很無聊？教你如何用做出「視覺」喜劇 (Edgar Wright - How to Do Visual Comedy)
Uploaded: 2015-09-19T21:59:59.000Z
Duration: 8 min

Hi my name is Tony and this is Every Frame a Painting.

今天要討論的是產出我深愛作品的導演

So today I’m going to talk about a director whose work I love.

but before that let me be upfront. I think comedy movies today

我覺得今日的喜劇，尤其是美國的

especially American ones have totally lost their way.

I don't hate the jokes or the actors or the dialogue

我不討厭他們的笑話、演員、對話或是故事 雖然那也有很多問題

or the stories though there's plenty of issues there.

從畫面、音效的利用到笑點的表現

the use of picture and sound to deliver jokes, is just...

What you find funny is what you funny. So I’m not saying these movies suck

or you suck if you like them. What I am saying is that

我知道每個人的口味不一 你有你覺得好笑東西

these movies aren’t movies. They’re lightly edited improv.

所以我不是在說這些電影很爛 或是你很爛因為你喜歡它們

Everyone stands still and talks at each other in close-up.

我要說的是，這些電影，不是電影

Almost none of these jokes come visually They’re overwhelming sound.

它們只是輕微剪接過的即興演出

And not even the full range of sound, just dialogue. And this is really sad

大家只是站直直的用特寫鏡頭互相對話

because that’s just a fraction of what’s possible in cinema.

幾乎沒用一個笑點是由視覺呈現，完全以聽覺為主導

Apart from animation and some commercials,

且僅止於對話而已，尚沒包括音效部份

visual comedy is actually moving backwards. And that's why

這真的很悲哀 因為這只是電影呈現方式的一小部分

if you love this kind of stuff, I cannot recommend Edgar Wright enough.

除了動畫及部分廣告之外，視覺喜劇正在退化

--You're a doctor, deal with it. --Yeah, motherfucker.

也因為這樣，如果你喜歡這類的喜劇呈現方式

He's one of the only people working in the genre using the full range of what is possible

And because of that, he can find humor in places that others don’t look.

Here’s an example. Say you need to move your character

from one city to another to get the story going. How do you shoot it?

他是此類型影片中 極少數願意去嘗試各種可能性的導演

And can you get a joke out of it? ...Well, no.

正因如此，他可以在別人忽略的地方發掘幽默

Not if you send out a 2nd unit to do it, every shot pans from left to right

you include obvious landmarks and signs, you mix in generic helicopter footage

假設我們要讓你的角色 從一個城市移動到另一個來推動劇情

and you put upbeat music under it so the audience doesn’t get bored.

你要怎麼拍攝? 你可以在其中穿插笑點嗎?

This is just lazy filmmaking and boring. We’ve seen it a million times.

What would happen if you were truly inventive with this type of scene?

除非派出第二攝影組，屢屢用鏡頭由左擺到右這招

There we go! And this isn’t just a series of quick cuts.

畫面包含著名地標及標誌，混入老套直升機鳥瞰鏡頭

There’s a lot of good visual storytelling here.

然後播放富節奏的歌曲，好讓觀眾不會無聊

These two taxi shots tell you exactly where we came from and where we’re going

這是超懶惰拍攝手法，而且效果非常無聊 我們也早就看過無數次了

These two shots emphasize the move away from civilization.

在這類鏡頭加入真正的創意 會有什麼效果呢?

Our main character always faces forward or to the right

so screen direction is respected. Turning the music down

這就對了，這不只是一連串的快速剪接而已

and the sound FX up is funny because each cut is jarring.

中間還涵蓋了很多好的視覺故事陳述

And there’s even some nice performances from Simon Pegg and Ryan Gosling.

這兩個計程車燈鏡頭準確的點出 我們從哪裡來，要到哪裡去

Okay that was 1 example without context. You’re right. Totally unfair.

Well what if you had a movie where a horrible apocalyptic event happens,

主角永遠望向正前方，或是右方 所以畫面方向性得以表達

and you want to foreshadow it earlier, maybe by having the characters

音樂逐漸縮小，音效突然放大很好笑

not notice something important on TV. How would you show it?

Would you just throw it in the edit for 2 seconds and 2 frames

甚至還有 賽門.佩吉 和 雷恩.葛斯林 精彩的演出

and no shot shows the relationship between the characters and the TV?

好吧，這只是單一例子 你說的對，這樣比完全不公平

--he's having a housewarming party, he just finished building his house.

好，如果有一齣講述世界末日降臨情境的電影

--Although no one official is prepared to comment, religious groups are

可能用角色們沒注意到電視上的重要資訊來提示

--as an increasing number of reports of --serious attacks on

--people who are literally being --eaten alive

"呃，他搞了個新居派對，他剛裝潢完"

Okay still unfair. What if you had movie where one character has stopped drinking

but the others are disappointed in him and you want to get a joke out of it.

"宗教團體已經宣稱這是審判日了，他們..."

Would they just stand around and talk about his drinking?

--No I appreciate it but I told my wife I wouldn't drink tonight

--Besides I got a big day tomorrow. You guys have a great time.

--Big day? Doing what? Or would you do this? --What?!

This is what separates a mediocre director from a great one. The ability

如果電影中其中角色已經不想喝酒了

to take the most simple mundane scenes  and find new ways to do them.

但是另一個角色對他很失望 然後你想從中擠出笑點

Great directors understand that you can get a laugh just through staging.

Here’s an example from David Bordwell: things popping up into frame are funny.

--Slow ahead, I can go slow ahead. Come on down and chum some of this shit!

"真的很感謝，但我已經答應老婆今晚不喝酒了"

And it’s not just things entering frame. Consider the opposite.

"而且明天還是個大日子，但你們喝開心點"

--You wanna pop the trunk and roll the windows down, please?

You can get a laugh from a crane up. --Shirley, I'm so sorry.

這就是普通導演和偉大導演的分野

--I'm going home, Britta. --I know, Shirley, I know.

總能從世俗小事中找出新的詮釋方法

--No I'm going home, can you help me up? --Oh

偉大的導演懂的在鋪陳裡也找的到笑點

以下是我根據 大衛.波德維爾 理論舉的例子：

物件突然從畫面中出現，等於很好笑

cinema is a matter of what’s in the frame and what’s not in the frame.

So think about the frame. And this isn’t a matter of smart or stupid comedy.

"我也會慢速前進，為什麼你不下來灑灑這些臭魚餌?"

不只是物件突然出現在畫面有效果

So here are 8 things Edgar Wright does with picture and sound that

I want to see other comedy filmmakers try out.

#1 Things entering the frame in funny ways

#2 People leaving the frame in funny ways

你可以由升降機上升鏡頭製造笑點

And you know what, let's thrown in #9 Imaginary gunfights

"不，認真的，我要回家了，扶我一下好嗎?"

So if you’re a filmmaker, work on this. The frame is a playground. So play.

And the next time you go to a theater and pay $15 to see a comedy

don’t be satisfied with shit that is less inventive than Vine.