Name: 照相機般的記憶 (The Truth About Photographic Memory)
Uploaded: 2015-12-06T23:00:00.000Z
Duration: 3 min 29 s

基礎被動語態

This episode of DNews is brought you by the TOYOTA COROLLA. Let's lead the way.

這集 DNews 是由 TOYOTA COROLLA 為您呈現。讓我們獨領風騷吧！

程度副詞

We all have photographic memories, it's just that some of us don't have any film.

我們每個人都有攝影式記憶，只是有些人沒有任何底片

One of my favorite book series as a kid was about a kid detective Cam Jansen, who by saying

其中我喜歡的故事書是關於兒童偵探 Cam Jansen， 她只要說

“click” could snap a picture in her head and be able to remember the scene like she was looking at a photograph.

“click”就能記得她所看到畫面，就有如她正在看著照片

But just like Cam Jansen, though, photographic memory seems to be a work of fiction.

但就像 Cam Jansen，攝影式記憶似乎只是小說情節而已

There's a limit to the kind of information we can take it at once. We remember certain details of a scene, but not EVERY detail.

我們要立刻記得某件事是有限的。我們能記得某一畫面，但不是「所有」細節

Like if I try to think of the painting of the Girl with the Pearl Earring,

像是如果我嘗試回想「戴珍珠耳環的少女」那幅名畫，

I can kind of remember what her earring looks like, but I couldn't for the life of me tell you what color her eyes are.

我可以大概記得她的耳環是什麼樣子，但無法告訴你她眼睛什麼顏色

Little kids often have something close, though, called eidetic memory.

但小孩子常常可以有很接近的能力，一般稱之為童年影像

This is when kids can recall an image in extreme detail for a few minutes after they've seen it.

這時期它們可以在幾分鐘內，記起所看到極小的細節

But because most people lose this ability as they grow up some scientists think it's an immature version of memory.

但是因為大部分的人喪失這個能力，科學家認為這是尚未成熟的記憶

As kids grow up and learn to read and write and think abstractly, memory becomes more abstract too.

當小孩成長學會了閱讀，寫字和抽像思想，記憶也會變得更抽象

But yet there are some examples of people with REALLY good memory, like Stephen Wiltshire, he comes about as close as possible to being a human camera.

但依然有些人擁有非常好的記憶，例如 Stephen Wiltshire，已經幾乎可以成為人類相機

After just a short helicopter ride, he was able to recreate the skyline of New York to almost near accuracy.

在他短暫搭乘直升機後，他能重現出近乎準確的紐約地平線

Of course, he is an artist, so he took some creative liberties, but no serious scientific research confirms his abilities.

當然，他是一位藝術家，所以他有創造的天賦，但沒有科學研究能證明他的能力

While that's just one maybe example, there are other cases of people with really good memories, like really good.

而這也許只是其中一個例子，還有許多人有很好的記憶，我是說，瘋狂的好

One famous case, the story of Jill Price who remembers nearly every day of her life was published in the journal Neurocase.

其中一個知名的例子是 Jill Price，她幾乎可以記得她每天的生活，她的生活被刊登在 Neurocase 雜誌

She remembers everything about her life, down to what shirt she wore to Target to buy groceries on a certain day.

她記得生活中的一切，她甚至能記得某一天她去 Target 超市買東西時，她是穿什麼衣服去

Although her abilities might be the result of a kind of OCD where she obsesses over memories,

雖然她的這種能力可能是某種強迫症的結果，導致她對於記憶著迷，

another study published in the journal of Neurobiology of Learning and Memory looked at the brains of eleven participants who might have similar memories.

另一個刊在「生物神經學習與記憶」這期刊中的研究，檢視十一位也許有相似記憶的受試者的大腦

Scientists referred to this ability as Highly Superior Autobiographical Memory (HSAM).

科學家稱這種能力為高度自敘記憶

While they performed pretty average on some cognitive tests, the researchers found that their brains were actually unique.

雖然他們在一些認知測試中表現得很普通，研究者發現他們的大腦其實真的很獨特

They had stronger white matter connections, which could allow information to be transferred more efficiently in the brain,

他們擁有較強的白質連結，能讓資料在大腦內傳送得更有效率，

but the participants didn't use use any memory tricks.

但是受試者並沒有用任何其他的記憶技巧

The scientists found that quote “Instead, they appear to have some inherent ability to retain and retrieve vast amounts of public and autobiographical events,

科學家發現，以下是引言，「取而代知的是，他們似乎天生就有一些可以保留大量公眾或是自己事件的能力，

well beyond what one may expect from simple rehearsal.”

這種數量，遠遠超過一個人可以用簡單排練方式去預期的數量。」

What kind of rehearsal you ask? Well, mind palaces seem to be the best way to boost your memory.

那你會問說是哪種排練方式？恩，記憶宮殿也許是一種增進你記憶的好方式

If you've ever seen BBC's Sherlock Holmes, you know what this looks like.

如果你有觀看過 BBC 的神探夏洛克，就會明白這看起來是怎麼一回事

Pick a scene you're familiar with like walking down your street or walking around your house and put things you want to remember in a certain spot.

挑選一個你熟悉的場景，像是你在街上或是你家附近走路，然後把你想要記得的東西放在某個地方

Like if I wanted to remember "pi" I could put the 3 on my front door, I could put the .14 on the wall in my foyer,

像如果我要記得圓周率，我可以放 3 在前門，我能夠放 .14 在休息室的牆壁，

I could put the 15 on my banister, I could put the 92 at the top of stairs. You get the idea.

15 在樓梯扶手，92 在樓梯的頂端。你懂這概念了

As I mentally walk through my house, I would associate those numbers with those locations. A lot of memory champions use this trick.

當我在心裡走過我的房子，我就會把這些數字和地點聯想在一起。很多記憶冠軍選手都用這個技巧

While photographic memory doesn't seem real and most of us don't have special memories,

攝影式記憶看起來不太真實，而且我們大多也沒有這特別的記憶，

thank God because I would really hate to re-live every embarrassing day of middle school.

感謝上帝，因為我會非常討厭回想起中學時所發生的尷尬事件

There are ways to improve your memory, like the mind-palace trick or Trace says to sniff some rosemary or maybe make a fist!

有些方式可以增進你的記憶力，例如記憶宮殿技巧或像 Trace 說的，聞些迷迭香或握拳頭！

No, really. Check it out in this video right here. All right guys, what tricks do you use to remember things?

說真的，請點擊下方的影片。好，各位都用什麼技巧背東西呢？

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請在下方留言，留言的同時請幫我們按讚並訂閱，也請記得回來收看！

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