Catherine: ...and I'm Catherine. Hello.

Neil: Hello, Catherine! Now, how was your holiday?

Catherine: My holiday was lovely, Neil. I was staying

I was staying on a beautiful island.

It was very remote and there was actually no internet access.

So, I did feel quite cut off actually.

Neil: And cut off means isolated.

How did you survive, Catherine?

Catherine: Well, it wasn't easy. But I had my e-reader

that's an electronic device which lets you store and read lots of books from the internet.

And I read a lot of Harry Potter...

Neil: Harry Potter? I know you like wizards, Catherine,

but shouldn't you have downloaded some classic literature?

How about Shakespeare's The Tempest?

That's got a wizard in it too.

Catherine: Well, yes indeed.

But Shakespeare on the beach isn't quite right for me, Neil.

Neil: Right. Well, today we're talking about how the poorer and more remote

or distant - parts of the world can get access to learning.

Catherine: That's right. But before we start, Neil,

I believe you have a quiz question for us.

Neil: Yes, I do.

I would like to know what the proportion of the world's population that still has no internet access is.

Is it... a) a quarter?

b) half?

or c) two thirds?

Catherine: I'm going to go for c) two thirds.

Neil: Well, we'll find out if you're right or wrong later on in the programme.

So Catherine, how can these people get connected to the internet

and start surfing?

Catherine: By using the Outernet.

Neil: The Outer what?

Catherine: The Outernet. That's the idea of entrepreneur Syed Karim

and its goal is to give people in unconnected communities access to information

without having to use expensive mobile phones or two-way satellite networks.

Neil: I see.

And an entrepreneur, by the way, is a person who makes money

by starting their own business that typically involves some financial risk.

Catherine: Yes, I've always fancied myself as a bit of an entrepreneur.

Neil: Well, you'll need money and ideas, Catherine.

Have you got either of those?

Catherine: I've got ideas.

Neil: Right. OK. I get it.

Catherine: So, can you tell us how the Outernet works, Neil?

Neil: Yes, I can. The Outernet uses existing communications satellites to store and broadcast data

broadcast means to send out signals or programmes.

Special equipment on the ground picks up

or receives - the data, and this can be copied to phones and computers.

Catherine: But the Outernet broadcasts data offline

which means it's not connected to the Internet.

There's no communication with the internet for user

so, no emails, no chat forums.

And that can be a big drawback - or disadvantage.

Neil: Yes. The Outernet doesn't provide two-way communication.

But let's hear Syed Karim discussing why one-way access has some advantages.

And see if you can spot another word meaning 'two-way'.

Syed Karim: Anything that is related to bi-directional communications,

the internet, to be able to provide that to the entire world,

those are billion dollar projects,

multi-billion dollar projects with huge time horizons and enormous complexity.

And, you know, our solution that we are offering is instantaneous,

I mean, it exists right now.

Neil: Did you get it?

Another way of saying two-way is bi-directional.

So what are the advantages of one-way communication, Catherine?

Catherine: It's significantly cheaper.

Bi-directional communications are multi-billion dollar projects.

But the Outernet allows poorer communities to benefit from access to information.

Neil: Yes, it does.

And the other big problem is the time it would take to establish two-way access.

Syed says these projects have huge time horizons

and this means the length of time it takes to complete a project

they're huge, so very big.

Catherine: But the Outernet is already providing access

to some of the world's most valuable knowledge.

Neil: That's right.

The project aims to create a library of information

taken from websites including Wikipedia and Project Gutenberg,

which is a collection of copyright-free e-books.

Copyright-free means the right to use material without paying any fees.

Catherine: That sounds good.

But let's go back to the internet and hear from a BBC reporter

talking about another project which aims to get people connected.

BBC reporter: Google for example is working on Project Loon,

a network of high-altitude helium balloons,

which will boost Internet connections across much wider areas

beyond coverage from conventional masts.

Neil: It's called Project Loon

meaning crazy - because Google thought it was such a crazy idea,

and loon sounds like balloon!

Catherine: Yeah. The idea is that users will connect to the balloon network

or group of interconnected balloons - using an antenna attached to their building.

The signal travels through the balloon network from balloon to balloon

and then to a station on the ground that's connected to the Internet.

Neil: The balloons will boost - or increase

the number of people who will be able to access the Internet.

Catherine: Yes, it will.

And that's because there will be lots of them

compared to the number of masts

or tall metal towers that send and receive signals

that are currently used.

Neil: OK, let's have the answer to the quiz question I asked

What proportion of the world's population still has no internet access?

Is it ... a) a quarter?

b) half?

or c) two thirds?

Catherine: And I said c) two thirds.

Neil: And you were right! The answer is two thirds.

Well done, Catherine.

Catherine: Thank you.

Neil: Now just time to listen to today's words once again. Catherine.

Catherine: OK. We heard:

e-reader

remote

entrepreneur

broadcast

picks up

drawback

bi-directional

one-way

time horizons

copyright-free

balloon network

boost

masts

Neil: Well, that's the end of today's 6 Minute English.

I hope you enjoyed connecting with us today!

Please join us again soon.

Both: Bye.