"...our simplistic approaches to traditional hierarchical governance..."

"...have troubles dealing with that complexity. "

"We have the diversity of citizens with conflicting interests."

"Very important: limited autonomy."

"Nation states often don't grant cities the power..."

"...the powers to do anything about these big issues."

"And then as a result, cities are very much constrained with..."

"...a range of political, institutional and economical factors here."

"And finally: it's a big issue and increasingly problematic: ..."

"...because of a lack of free sources, funding, finances..."

"...we are at the forefront of privatising governance in cities..."

"I guess it's very important that national governments take on the urban challenge..."

"And understand much better where it is..."

"...that they have produced very counterproductive policies..."

"...for good urban development."

"And probably one of the most urgencies here is..."

"...to eliminate policies which have basically destroyed cities..."

"...which have basically produced very unfortunate urban development."

"Urban policy sectors are often not sectors of urban governance..."

"And that is something we really need to be aware of."

"There has been a lot of sharing of good practice..."

"...in areas like urban transport,..."

"...a classic area of innovation for cities."

"This is where the learning from each other worked quite well..."

"...because across the board globally this is an area..."

"...which tends to be really overseen by local governments."

"But if you move to energy it's a completely different story."

"This is a photo of the London array offshore windpark."

"Which has nothing to do with London governance."

"It's a name for marketing..."

"...it's actually run by European and British level governance..."

"...with big corporates."

"That can be very different."

"Munich is a city that owns his multi utility company..."

"And can - on the basis of that - make major strategic decisions..."

"...in the long run about electrifying, greening the city system."

"I think the aspects of connecting the development of cities..."

"...with very big questions about how much we continue to rely on..."

"...a long term establishment of strategic..."

"...forrms of governance..."

"...versus a network bottom up..."

"...and probably community led innovation..."

"...versus just using the urban narrative as something which can be taken on..."

"...by others than governments."

"I think it was good to see how you can package..."

"...these conversations."

"There wasn't anything conclusive: we are definitely shifting in that direction..."

"...but certainly a reinforcement that its three central components that matter."