字幕列表 影片播放 列印所有字幕 列印翻譯字幕 列印英文字幕 Hi. This is Rebecca. Let me start this lesson by asking you a question. Which of these two 嗨!我是Rebecca ,上課前,我先問你們一個問題:(白板上)這兩種 exercises is easier for you? Let me go through them with you. 練習,你覺得哪一種比較簡單?讓我們一起來看這道題目 "Chaos means __________." Something. Fill in the blank. Okay? In other 「 混亂的意思是__________。」把答案填入空白處,了解?換句話說, words, they're asking you here: the word "chaos" means what? 這問題是在問你:這個單字「混亂 」是什麼意思? Or second question: 第二個問題是: "Chaos means a) sadness b) disorder c) illness". 「混亂的意思是a) 悲傷 b) 混亂 c) 生病。 」 Okay? Think about that for a second. So, which of these two questions was easier for you? 了解?好好想一下。你覺得這兩個問題,哪一個比較簡單呢? Okay? If you're like most students, you will probably say that this question was easier 想好了嗎?假如你和大多數學生想得一樣,應該就會說這個問題(指第二個)比較簡單, for you, because you had a choice of something. And here, you actually had to think of the 因為你可以有選擇。而這個問題(指第一個),你則必須去想出答案來。 answer. All right? 對吧? So, let me explain why that is the case. Here, in the fill in the blank question, you were 讓我來解釋為何情況是這樣的。關於這道填空問題, asked to remember the answer. When you're trying to remember a word, you're using your 你被要求去記住答案。當你努力去記住一個單字時,你正在使用你的 active vocabulary. In English, like any other language, you have two kinds of skills. We 積極(應用)字彙。就英語來說,就和其他語言一樣,你有兩種技能 have productive skills and receptive skills. Productive skills are what we use when we 我們有輸出性技能和接受性技能。輸出性技能是我們在 are speaking and writing, because when we speak and write, we have to remember words 說話和寫作時會使用得到,因為當我們說話和寫作時,我們必須要記得很多單字, in order to do that. Right? And receptive skills are what you use when you're reading 才能辦法說得出來和寫得出來,對吧?而接受性技能是當你在閱讀 or listening, because when you do either of these activities, you just have to recognize 或聆聽時會使用得到,因為不論你是在做哪一種活動,你只需要辬認出 the word, so you have to recall what they mean, but you don't have to think of them 單字,就能想起它們是什麼意思,但你不需要自己想起單字 by yourself. You just have to recognize them. 你只需要辬認出它們就行了 So the vocabulary that's involved here on this side is your passive vocabulary of being 在這邊(閱讀和聆聽)的字彙是你的消極(認知)字彙, able to recognize things. The vocabulary that's demanded here for speaking and writing is 能夠幫你辬認出單字來。而說話和寫作這裡需要的 your active vocabulary, which you need when you're doing these activities and which you 是你的積極(應用)字彙,是當你在做這兩種活動時,還有像是 needed here in the fill in the blank answer. Okay? So, this is true not only in English. 把答案填入空白處時會需要用到。了解嗎?這情況不只發生在英語上, It's true in every language. You have a productive... You have productive skills and receptive skills. 對其他語言來說也是一樣。你擁有輸出性和接受性兩種技能 You have an active vocabulary and a passive vocabulary. And, in all languages, people's 你擁有積極(應用)和消極(認知)兩種字彙。而在所有語言中, passive vocabulary is always much, much larger than their active vocabulary. That's why you 大家擁有的消極(認知)字彙總是比積極(應用)字彙來得多很多。那就是為什麼 can read hundreds of books and understand thousands and thousands of words, but you 你能夠閱讀大量的書籍,看得懂得成千百個單字, may not actually use those words yourself, even in your own language and certainly in 但即使是你自己的母語,你也許從來沒有使用過那些單字, English. So, next, I'll explain to you how to develop this active vocabulary. 更別提是用英語了。接下來,我要解釋如何發展積極(應用)字彙 So there are many ways to improve your active vocabulary. Today I'm going to show you one 有很多可以改善積極(應用)字彙的方法。今天我要來跟你分享其中一個方式 way. All right? So, what I've done is written a lot of vocabulary on the board, and what 好嗎?我在這裡白板上已經寫下了許多字彙, I'd like you to do is to take a theme, a vocabulary theme. What do I mean by a vocabulary theme? 我要你選一個主題,一個字彙主題。我所指的字彙主題是什麼意思呢? I mean an area, such as here, I've taken education, here I've taken religion, and here I've taken 我指的是一塊區域,像是這裡,我選擇了教育,這裡我選了宗教信仰,而這裡我選了 business or work. All right? And then you divide it. Let's say you have a piece of paper 商業或工作。了解?然後把它們分組,你可以拿一張紙, or you could do it, you know, on... You could do it written or you could do it in your mind, 把它們寫下來或用大腦記下來, and you divide it into categories, such as: in the field of education, you want to think 然後把它們分成不同的類別,像是,教育領域這裡,你會想到人, of people, you want to think of places, and you want to think of actions which are the 想到地方,想到行為,也就是動詞, verbs. Right? 了解? So you could start by just doing it in a simple way and see if you can come up with at least 你可以先用簡單的方式來開始練習,看看自己是否能夠舉出至少 three examples. All right? Three examples of people in education: "teacher", "student", 三個例子,好嗎?教育中關於人的三個例子:老師、學生、 "principal"; places: "school", "college", "university"; actions: "study", "teach", "learn". 校長;關於地方的例子:學校、學院、大學;關於行為的例子:學習、教導、學習 Okay? In the area of religion, if we're talking about different kinds of people, people of 懂嗎?宗教信仰這一塊,如果我們談論的是不同的人, different religions: "Muslims", "Christians", "Hindus"; places in the area of religion: 不同宗教信仰的人:穆斯林、基督教徒、印度教徒;宗教信仰的地方: "mosque", "church", "temple"; actions could be: "pray", "bless", "believe". Obviously, 清真寺、教堂、廟宇;宗教信仰的行為:祈禱、保佑、相信。當然, these are not the only examples; I'm just showing you how to do it. In the field of 例子不是只有這些而已,我只是舉例讓你知道怎麼做。在商業的領域中, business, for people you might put: "manager", "employee", "supervisor"; for places: "office", 提到人的話,有:經理、員工、主管;地方有:辦公室、 "factory", "department"; and for actions, things like: "work", or "recruit", or "promote". 工廠、部門;而行為方面有:工作、招聘、或升職 Okay? 了解嗎? So, even though it seems like a really simple exercise, what will happen is as you start 雖然這練習看起來很簡單,但當你開始努力從積極(應用)字彙中回想單字時, to try to remember from your active vocabulary... Right? Words related to certain themes, you 會發生什麼事呢?對於某些相關主題的單字, might find that you can't actually think of too many examples in a particular area, and 你也許會發現自己對於某個特定區域無法想到很多例子, then you'll be able to know and diagnose what your weaknesses are. 如此一來,你便能知道並診斷自己的弱點在哪 That: okay, I need to learn more business vocabulary, 像是,我知道自己需要學習更多的商業字彙, but when it comes to education I'm okay, or vice versa. Okay? 但講到教育的字彙,我就沒問題,或是反之,懂嗎? Now, there are many ways you can expand on this activity. So one way is to expand on 這活動可以用許多方式來擴大練習。其中一個方式是 it horizontally. What do I mean by that? Well, I gave you three categories; people, places, 以水平線方向擴展。是什麼意思呢?我給你了三種類別:人、地方、 and actions, but you could add more categories. You could add, for example, things, what things 和行為,但你可以增加更多類別。例如,你可以增加事物, do you find in educational places? What problems or issues are involved in the field of education? 你在教育的地方這一塊中會找到什麼事物?什麼樣的問題會涉及教育領域呢? Now, why is this important? Why is it important to develop a vocabulary of a particular field? 為什麼這個練習很重要呢?為什麼發展某個特定領域的字彙很重要呢? Because let's say you're writing an exam, such as the IELTS or TOEFL, and you have an 因為就像你在寫考卷一樣,例如雅思或托福,你有一個 essay topic given to you which is about education. Well, one of the ways you're going to get 作文題目是有關教育的。能讓你拿高分的其中一個方式, higher marks is by using a lot of varied vocabulary about that field. So this is a way to check 就是使用大量不同的教育字彙。這是一個方法可以 where you stand and to expand on that vocabulary. So, as I said, you can choose new categories. 確認你的程度在哪,並進而延伸那個字彙。如同我所說的,你可以選擇增加新類別, For example, if you chose issues when it came to business or problems related to business, 例如,假設你選擇商業或與商業相關的問題, you might mention things like unemployment, or absenteeism, or stress. Okay? See how many 你也許會提到事情像是失業或缺勤,或者壓力,是吧?試試看 ideas and vocabulary words you can come up with related to those themes. 你可以想出多少跟這些主題有關的想法或字彙 You can also work vertically. By that, I mean, instead of just taking three examples as I've 另一個方式是以垂直線擴展。我指的是,與其只用我寫在白板上的三個例子, done on the board, you can take four or five, or you can just try to see: how many words 你可以有四或五個例子,或者你可以試試,像是:我能夠想到多少 can I think of related to people in education? All right? Or people at work. Just make the 教育領域裡跟人有關的單字?懂嗎?或是工作的人 list as long as you can. 只要你能,就盡量舉出很多例子來 You can make it a kind of game for yourself. You can do this while you're standing in line 你可以把它變成一種你自己在玩的遊戲。你可以在排隊時、 somewhere or when you're waiting for a bus, or something like that. You can just play 或等公車時、或其他類似的情況下做這個練習。你也可以自己在大腦中 this game in your mind. All right. Another way to do it is to use more advanced cate-... 玩這個遊戲。好了,另一個方式是使用更高級的類- Topics, not categories, but topics. For example, here I used education, religion, and business, 題目,不是類別,是題目。例如,這裡我選了教育、宗教信仰和商業, but you could use history, or politics, or economics. Right? And this way, you would 但你可以選歷史、或政治、或經濟,懂嗎?這方式一樣能夠讓你 have the same information regarding yourself. Where do you stand regarding vocabulary in 對自己有更進一步的認知,知道在這些不同領域中, these many different areas? Okay? 自己的字彙程度在哪?懂嗎? As I mentioned, you could do this by yourself. You could also do it as a game along with 如同我之前提到的,你可以自己一個人做練習,也可以找一位伙伴一起把它當遊戲玩 a partner. You could sit down and play a game to see who can think of more words in one 你們可以坐下來一起玩這個遊戲,看看誰能夠在一分鐘內想出更多 minute that have to do with education, people in education, or places in education, or actions 與教育領域有關的人、地方、或行為的單字 related to education. So you could make it a game. And, as I said, it's a really good 你可以把它當成遊戲玩。而且,像我之前說的,這真的是一個很好的 exercise to diagnose your own weaknesses so you will know which areas you need to develop 練習,讓你能夠診斷自己的弱點,也才能知道自己在哪個領域需要多加強 your active vocabulary in. And as I said, you need active vocabulary in order to speak 你的積極(應用)字彙。就像我說過的,為了能夠讓說話和寫作技能更有效率, and write more effectively. All right? 你必項要有積極(應用)字彙,懂嗎? If you'd like to do a quiz on this subject, please visit our website: www.engvid.com. 如果你有興趣做這堂課的小測驗的話,請上我們的網站:www.engvid.com You could also subscribe to my YouTube channel for more lessons like these. 你也可以訂閱我的YouTube頻道,來了解更多這類型的課程 So good luck with your English. Bye for now. 祝你英語學習順利。再見囉
A2 初級 中文 美國腔 字彙 單字 積極 教育 應用 技能 英文單字的秘密:如何記得的更多 (The Secret to English Vocabulary – How to remember more) 6899 654 Don 發佈於 2015 年 03 月 20 日 更多分享 分享 收藏 回報 影片單字