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  • Hi. This is Rebecca. Let me start this lesson by asking you a question. Which of these two

    嗨!我是Rebecca ,上課前,我先問你們一個問題:(白板上)這兩種

  • exercises is easier for you? Let me go through them with you.

    練習,你覺得哪一種比較簡單?讓我們一起來看這道題目

  • "Chaos means __________." Something. Fill in the blank. Okay? In other

    「 混亂的意思是__________。」把答案填入空白處,了解?換句話說,

  • words, they're asking you here: the word "chaos" means what?

    這問題是在問你:這個單字「混亂 」是什麼意思?

  • Or second question:

    第二個問題是:

  • "Chaos means a) sadness b) disorder c) illness".

    「混亂的意思是a) 悲傷 b) 混亂 c) 生病。 」

  • Okay? Think about that for a second. So, which of these two questions was easier for you?

    了解?好好想一下。你覺得這兩個問題,哪一個比較簡單呢?

  • Okay? If you're like most students, you will probably say that this question was easier

    想好了嗎?假如你和大多數學生想得一樣,應該就會說這個問題(指第二個)比較簡單,

  • for you, because you had a choice of something. And here, you actually had to think of the

    因為你可以有選擇。而這個問題(指第一個),你則必須去想出答案來。

  • answer. All right?

    對吧?

  • So, let me explain why that is the case. Here, in the fill in the blank question, you were

    讓我來解釋為何情況是這樣的。關於這道填空問題,

  • asked to remember the answer. When you're trying to remember a word, you're using your

    你被要求去記住答案。當你努力去記住一個單字時,你正在使用你的

  • active vocabulary. In English, like any other language, you have two kinds of skills. We

    積極(應用)字彙。就英語來說,就和其他語言一樣,你有兩種技能

  • have productive skills and receptive skills. Productive skills are what we use when we

    我們有輸出性技能和接受性技能。輸出性技能是我們在

  • are speaking and writing, because when we speak and write, we have to remember words

    說話和寫作時會使用得到,因為當我們說話和寫作時,我們必須要記得很多單字,

  • in order to do that. Right? And receptive skills are what you use when you're reading

    才能辦法說得出來和寫得出來,對吧?而接受性技能是當你在閱讀

  • or listening, because when you do either of these activities, you just have to recognize

    或聆聽時會使用得到,因為不論你是在做哪一種活動,你只需要辬認出

  • the word, so you have to recall what they mean, but you don't have to think of them

    單字,就能想起它們是什麼意思,但你不需要自己想起單字

  • by yourself. You just have to recognize them.

    你只需要辬認出它們就行了

  • So the vocabulary that's involved here on this side is your passive vocabulary of being

    在這邊(閱讀和聆聽)的字彙是你的消極(認知)字彙,

  • able to recognize things. The vocabulary that's demanded here for speaking and writing is

    能夠幫你辬認出單字來。而說話和寫作這裡需要的

  • your active vocabulary, which you need when you're doing these activities and which you

    是你的積極(應用)字彙,是當你在做這兩種活動時,還有像是

  • needed here in the fill in the blank answer. Okay? So, this is true not only in English.

    把答案填入空白處時會需要用到。了解嗎?這情況不只發生在英語上,

  • It's true in every language. You have a productive... You have productive skills and receptive skills.

    對其他語言來說也是一樣。你擁有輸出性和接受性兩種技能

  • You have an active vocabulary and a passive vocabulary. And, in all languages, people's

    你擁有積極(應用)和消極(認知)兩種字彙。而在所有語言中,

  • passive vocabulary is always much, much larger than their active vocabulary. That's why you

    大家擁有的消極(認知)字彙總是比積極(應用)字彙來得多很多。那就是為什麼

  • can read hundreds of books and understand thousands and thousands of words, but you

    你能夠閱讀大量的書籍,看得懂得成千百個單字,

  • may not actually use those words yourself, even in your own language and certainly in

    但即使是你自己的母語,你也許從來沒有使用過那些單字,

  • English. So, next, I'll explain to you how to develop this active vocabulary.

    更別提是用英語了。接下來,我要解釋如何發展積極(應用)字彙

  • So there are many ways to improve your active vocabulary. Today I'm going to show you one

    有很多可以改善積極(應用)字彙的方法。今天我要來跟你分享其中一個方式

  • way. All right? So, what I've done is written a lot of vocabulary on the board, and what

    好嗎?我在這裡白板上已經寫下了許多字彙,

  • I'd like you to do is to take a theme, a vocabulary theme. What do I mean by a vocabulary theme?

    我要你選一個主題,一個字彙主題。我所指的字彙主題是什麼意思呢?

  • I mean an area, such as here, I've taken education, here I've taken religion, and here I've taken

    我指的是一塊區域,像是這裡,我選擇了教育,這裡我選了宗教信仰,而這裡我選了

  • business or work. All right? And then you divide it. Let's say you have a piece of paper

    商業或工作。了解?然後把它們分組,你可以拿一張紙,

  • or you could do it, you know, on... You could do it written or you could do it in your mind,

    把它們寫下來或用大腦記下來,

  • and you divide it into categories, such as: in the field of education, you want to think

    然後把它們分成不同的類別,像是,教育領域這裡,你會想到人,

  • of people, you want to think of places, and you want to think of actions which are the

    想到地方,想到行為,也就是動詞,

  • verbs. Right?

    了解?

  • So you could start by just doing it in a simple way and see if you can come up with at least

    你可以先用簡單的方式來開始練習,看看自己是否能夠舉出至少

  • three examples. All right? Three examples of people in education: "teacher", "student",

    三個例子,好嗎?教育中關於人的三個例子:老師、學生、

  • "principal"; places: "school", "college", "university"; actions: "study", "teach", "learn".

    校長;關於地方的例子:學校、學院、大學;關於行為的例子:學習、教導、學習

  • Okay? In the area of religion, if we're talking about different kinds of people, people of

    懂嗎?宗教信仰這一塊,如果我們談論的是不同的人,

  • different religions: "Muslims", "Christians", "Hindus"; places in the area of religion:

    不同宗教信仰的人:穆斯林、基督教徒、印度教徒;宗教信仰的地方:

  • "mosque", "church", "temple"; actions could be: "pray", "bless", "believe". Obviously,

    清真寺、教堂、廟宇;宗教信仰的行為:祈禱、保佑、相信。當然,

  • these are not the only examples; I'm just showing you how to do it. In the field of

    例子不是只有這些而已,我只是舉例讓你知道怎麼做。在商業的領域中,

  • business, for people you might put: "manager", "employee", "supervisor"; for places: "office",

    提到人的話,有:經理、員工、主管;地方有:辦公室、

  • "factory", "department"; and for actions, things like: "work", or "recruit", or "promote".

    工廠、部門;而行為方面有:工作、招聘、或升職

  • Okay?

    了解嗎?

  • So, even though it seems like a really simple exercise, what will happen is as you start

    雖然這練習看起來很簡單,但當你開始努力從積極(應用)字彙中回想單字時,

  • to try to remember from your active vocabulary... Right? Words related to certain themes, you

    會發生什麼事呢?對於某些相關主題的單字,

  • might find that you can't actually think of too many examples in a particular area, and

    你也許會發現自己對於某個特定區域無法想到很多例子,

  • then you'll be able to know and diagnose what your weaknesses are.

    如此一來,你便能知道並診斷自己的弱點在哪

  • That: okay, I need to learn more business vocabulary,

    像是,我知道自己需要學習更多的商業字彙,

  • but when it comes to education I'm okay, or vice versa. Okay?

    但講到教育的字彙,我就沒問題,或是反之,懂嗎?

  • Now, there are many ways you can expand on this activity. So one way is to expand on

    這活動可以用許多方式來擴大練習。其中一個方式是

  • it horizontally. What do I mean by that? Well, I gave you three categories; people, places,

    以水平線方向擴展。是什麼意思呢?我給你了三種類別:人、地方、

  • and actions, but you could add more categories. You could add, for example, things, what things

    和行為,但你可以增加更多類別。例如,你可以增加事物,

  • do you find in educational places? What problems or issues are involved in the field of education?

    你在教育的地方這一塊中會找到什麼事物?什麼樣的問題會涉及教育領域呢?

  • Now, why is this important? Why is it important to develop a vocabulary of a particular field?

    為什麼這個練習很重要呢?為什麼發展某個特定領域的字彙很重要呢?

  • Because let's say you're writing an exam, such as the IELTS or TOEFL, and you have an

    因為就像你在寫考卷一樣,例如雅思或托福,你有一個

  • essay topic given to you which is about education. Well, one of the ways you're going to get

    作文題目是有關教育的。能讓你拿高分的其中一個方式,

  • higher marks is by using a lot of varied vocabulary about that field. So this is a way to check

    就是使用大量不同的教育字彙。這是一個方法可以

  • where you stand and to expand on that vocabulary. So, as I said, you can choose new categories.

    確認你的程度在哪,並進而延伸那個字彙。如同我所說的,你可以選擇增加新類別,

  • For example, if you chose issues when it came to business or problems related to business,

    例如,假設你選擇商業或與商業相關的問題,

  • you might mention things like unemployment, or absenteeism, or stress. Okay? See how many

    你也許會提到事情像是失業或缺勤,或者壓力,是吧?試試看

  • ideas and vocabulary words you can come up with related to those themes.

    你可以想出多少跟這些主題有關的想法或字彙

  • You can also work vertically. By that, I mean, instead of just taking three examples as I've

    另一個方式是以垂直線擴展。我指的是,與其只用我寫在白板上的三個例子,

  • done on the board, you can take four or five, or you can just try to see: how many words

    你可以有四或五個例子,或者你可以試試,像是:我能夠想到多少

  • can I think of related to people in education? All right? Or people at work. Just make the

    教育領域裡跟人有關的單字?懂嗎?或是工作的人

  • list as long as you can.

    只要你能,就盡量舉出很多例子來

  • You can make it a kind of game for yourself. You can do this while you're standing in line

    你可以把它變成一種你自己在玩的遊戲。你可以在排隊時、

  • somewhere or when you're waiting for a bus, or something like that. You can just play

    或等公車時、或其他類似的情況下做這個練習。你也可以自己在大腦中

  • this game in your mind. All right. Another way to do it is to use more advanced cate-...

    玩這個遊戲。好了,另一個方式是使用更高級的類-

  • Topics, not categories, but topics. For example, here I used education, religion, and business,

    題目,不是類別,是題目。例如,這裡我選了教育、宗教信仰和商業,

  • but you could use history, or politics, or economics. Right? And this way, you would

    但你可以選歷史、或政治、或經濟,懂嗎?這方式一樣能夠讓你 

  • have the same information regarding yourself. Where do you stand regarding vocabulary in

    對自己有更進一步的認知,知道在這些不同領域中,

  • these many different areas? Okay?

    自己的字彙程度在哪?懂嗎?

  • As I mentioned, you could do this by yourself. You could also do it as a game along with

    如同我之前提到的,你可以自己一個人做練習,也可以找一位伙伴一起把它當遊戲玩

  • a partner. You could sit down and play a game to see who can think of more words in one

    你們可以坐下來一起玩這個遊戲,看看誰能夠在一分鐘內想出更多

  • minute that have to do with education, people in education, or places in education, or actions

    與教育領域有關的人、地方、或行為的單字

  • related to education. So you could make it a game. And, as I said, it's a really good

    你可以把它當成遊戲玩。而且,像我之前說的,這真的是一個很好的

  • exercise to diagnose your own weaknesses so you will know which areas you need to develop

    練習,讓你能夠診斷自己的弱點,也才能知道自己在哪個領域需要多加強

  • your active vocabulary in. And as I said, you need active vocabulary in order to speak

    你的積極(應用)字彙。就像我說過的,為了能夠讓說話和寫作技能更有效率,

  • and write more effectively. All right?

    你必項要有積極(應用)字彙,懂嗎?

  • If you'd like to do a quiz on this subject, please visit our website: www.engvid.com.

    如果你有興趣做這堂課的小測驗的話,請上我們的網站:www.engvid.com

  • You could also subscribe to my YouTube channel for more lessons like these.

    你也可以訂閱我的YouTube頻道,來了解更多這類型的課程

  • So good luck with your English. Bye for now.

    祝你英語學習順利。再見囉

Hi. This is Rebecca. Let me start this lesson by asking you a question. Which of these two

嗨!我是Rebecca ,上課前,我先問你們一個問題:(白板上)這兩種

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