Name: 20.20.希臘瓶中的羅馬酒。雅典的重生 (20. Roman Wine in Greek Bottles: The Rebirth of Athens)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T05:26:05.000Z
Duration: 1 h 16 min 3 s
Description: 【看影片學英語】數萬部 YouTube 影片，搭配英漢字典即點即查，輕鬆掌握單字發音與用法，長久累積看電影不必再看字幕。

We have talked in the course of this semester many times about

about the impact that Greek architecture had on Roman

And we've talked in particular about the two philhellenic

and the kinds of monuments they commissioned during their reign

that were so clearly based on those in ancient Athens --

Athens, especially of the Classical period,

the cradle of civilization, and where scholars often speak

I want to turn full circle, go full circle here and return

to the whole question of Athens, by looking at Athens itself,

because Athens also became a Roman colony.

And you won't be surprised to hear that it was built up under

primarily two Roman emperors, namely Augustus and Hadrian,

just as one would expect, the two major philhellenic

I show you a spectacular view of Athens as it looks today.

And you can see here that the city of Athens--

and some of its antiquities extremely well preserved--

is a city that is located -- it's actually a city that's

located in plains , surrounded by mountains.

And it also has three major hills, as I think you can see

One of those hills, of course, is the famous

been to Athens, but if one were to make a list

of the ten places that one really must see,

at some point during their lives, and experience,

Athens is certainly one of them, mainly for the Acropolis,

which you see in the center of this image here.

The other two are Mount Lycabettus, which you see in the

uppermost part; that's actually the highest

And then there's another one called the Mouseion Hill,

which we're going to actually talk about today,

because there's an important monument there --

the Mouseion Hill or the Hill of the Muses.

It's located off this image, right where I'm standing here.

And it's not surprising--and the rest of it surrounded

essentially by a city that was constructed primarily after

World War II, mainly residential houses of

residences that are mostly white in color,

But the Acropolis rising up in the center in an amazing way.

The city of Athens we know was founded in the Neolithic period;

So it goes way back, in the same way that Rome does.

And it's not surprising to see them founding the city of Athens

They pick the hill that's the flattest, which makes it easiest

to build on, and that is the rock of the Acropolis itself.

So they put their religious structures on the Acropolis,

and then over time the city begins to grow up around the

Now this is very interesting because if you think back to

Rome and its beginnings, you'll recall that Rome too was

founded on a hill, because hills can be most

essentially on two hills, on the Palatine Hill,

by Romulus, where he established residences,

but also on the Capitoline Hill where they built the Temple of

so that being the religious center of the city.

We see the same sort of thing happening here:

and then we'll see that the meeting and marketplace is down

below the Acropolis, in the same way that the Roman

was in the valley beneath the Palatine Hill,

So very similar beginnings for Greece, as also for Rome.

As you all know, Athens thrived particularly,

Greece in general thrived particularly in the fifth

and continued to thrive into the Hellenistic period.

that Sulla, the Roman general Sulla, sacked Athens,

sacked Athens, made Athens a Roman colony,

and in fact destroyed the walls of the city of Athens.

So that obviously a very major point in the history of Athens.

When scholars talk about architecture that was put up by

the Romans in Athens, during Roman times,

they talk about it as being primarily uninspired and rather

Ward-Perkins talks about how derivative Roman architecture in

that is, from Classical and Hellenistic Athens.