British English. Some of them are tips; some of them are observations that you might be

英式英語。其中有些是小竅門，有些是你可能會觀察到的

interested to know. We've got eight of them, so let's get started.

有興趣知道。我們有八個人，所以我們開始吧。

Pronunciation of-ed word endings. This is not specifically a British English issue.

發音的-ed詞尾。這不是專門的英式英語問題。

Um, if you, if your preference -- I don't know why I can't speak suddenly in an English pronunciation

嗯，如果你，如果你的喜好... 我不知道為什麼我不能突然用英語發音說出來

video, but that's how it is. If your preference is American English, this also applies to

視頻，但就是這樣。如果你喜歡美式英語，這也適用於

American English. So what I hear a lot at, sort of, around intermediate levels -- sometimes

美國英語。所以，我聽到了很多在，排序，圍繞中間水準 - 有時

upper intermediate level if you haven't had someone to correct you -- -ed word endings

中上水準，如果你沒有人糾正你 ------------------------------------------------------------------- 詞尾

sound like this. I can't even do it because it's so unnatural for me. "Excite-ed shout-ed,

聽起來像這樣。我都做不到，因為這對我來說太不自然了。"激--情喊--情"。

remind-ed." It's so unnatural for me. But in fact, it's not like that. It doesn't sound

提醒了。"我覺得很不自然。但事實上，不是這樣的。它不聽起來

like an -ed. It might sound like an /id/; it might sound like a /t/; or it might sound

像一個-ed。它可能聽起來像/id/；可能聽起來像/t/；也可能聽起來像

like a /d/. So I've got some examples here. This word, even though it's spelled -ed, makes

像一個/d/。所以我這裡有一些例子。這個詞，即使它的拼寫是-ed，也使

an /id/ sound. It becomes "excited". "I'm really excited." "Shouted." "He shouted at

一個/id/的聲音。變成了 "興奮"。"我真的很興奮。""大喊""他對著

me." "Reminded." "I reminded you to do your homework, didn't I?" And -- yeah.

我。""提醒了。""我提醒你做作業了，不是嗎？"還有--是的。

So now, we can talk about the ones that finish with a t sound. "Finished. Dripped. Laughed."

所以現在，我們可以談談那些以t音結束的。"說完了。滴滴答答。笑了。"

They don't have the-ed sound. So that's an important thing to know about pronunciation.

他們沒有the-ed的音。所以這是很重要的一個發音問題。

Even if it's spelled-ed, it doesn't mean it sounds like that. And what about the ones

即使是拼寫的，也不代表就能聽起來是這樣的。那那些

that end with a d sound, a "duh" sound. "Remembered." "I remembered what you said to me." "Called."

以d音結尾，"咄 "音。"記住了。""我記得你對我說過的話。""打電話"

"I called you. Didn't you hear your phone?" "Imagined." "I imagined a better future for

"我給你打電話了。沒聽到你的電話嗎？""想象的。""我想象著一個更好的未來

everyone." So with those, it's a D sound. How do you know which one? Go with what

大家。"所以有了這些，就是D音。你怎麼知道是哪一個？去與什麼

feels most natural when you're saying the word. The main thing is don't force the -ed

在說這個詞的時候感覺最自然。最主要的是不要強行把"-ed "說成"-ed"。

sound at the end of the word because it's that that gives you an unnatural rhythm when

詞尾的聲音，因為它給你一個不自然的節奏，當。

you're speaking English.

你在說英語

So moving on to -- this one's an observation, really. British English pronunciation. We

是以，接著說說 -- -- 這是個意見，真的。英國英語的發音。We

have so many different accents in England. But one of the biggest divisions in our accents is

在英國有這麼多不同的口音。但我們的口音中最大的一個分歧是：

um it's between the north of the country and the south, and it's our pronunciation of um these

嗯它在國家的北部和南部之間，這是我們的發音嗯這些。

words: "bath" and "laugh", as I say them. I say them in the southern pronunciation.

詞。"洗澡 "和 "笑"，我是這麼說的。我是用南方的發音說的。

But if I were from the north -- if I were from the north of the country, I'd say "bath"

但如果我是北方人--如果我是北方人，我會說 "洗澡"

and "laugh" because they have a different accent up there. Well, they've got loads of

和 "笑"，因為他們有一個不同的口音在那裡。嗯，他們已經得到了負載

different accents, but they don't speak in the same way as me. So um let's break it down

不同的口音，但他們不說話 在相同的方式，我。所以，嗯，讓我們打破它下來

into the actual sounds. So if you're from the North, you say, "a". But we, in the South,

變成實際的聲音。所以，如果你是來自北方，你說，"a"。但我們，在南方，

say "au". So you say "bath", we say "bath". And you say "laugh"; we say "laugh". And you

說 "au"。所以你說 "洗澡"，我們說 "洗澡"。你說 "笑"，我們說 "笑"。你說 "笑"，我們說 "笑"。

can also hear it in these two words. It doesn't have to be the first or only a vowel in the

在這兩個詞中也能聽出來。它不一定是第一個元音，也不一定是隻有一個元音的。

word. In the southern pronunciation, this is "command". But in the northern pronunciation,

詞。在南方的發音中，是 "命令"。但在北方的發音中。

it's "command". And the southern pronunciation of this word is "cast". The northern pronunciation

是 "命令"。而這個詞的南音是 "投"。北方的發音是

is "cast". The cast of Brookside came to London." "Brookside" was an old soap that's not on

是 "演員"。布魯克賽德的演員們來到了倫敦。""Brookside "是一個老的肥皂，這不是在。

TV anymore, and it was people from Liverpool. And I was just doing the accent. Probably

電視了，它是人們從利物浦。而我只是在做口音。可能是

that's really irrelevant to you. You will never see that show, but anyway. You know, now.

這真的與你無關。你永遠不會看到那個節目，但無論如何，你知道，現在。

Next tip. I don't hear this that often, but when I do, it sounds really, really, really

下一個提示。我不常聽到這句話，但當我聽到這句話時，它聽起來真的，真的，真的

wrong. And I think this tip generally -- generally a good example of how -- just because we write

錯。我認為這個提示一般 -- 一般來說是一個很好的例子，說明如何 -- 僅僅因為我們寫了

something one way doesn't mean we say it that way. So in English -- American English, too

某件事情的一種方式並不意味著我們這樣說。所以在英語中 -- 美國英語也是

-- W sounding words is the same as the "wh" sound in words for spelling. It actually sounds

--W音的單詞和單詞中的 "wh "音一樣，是用來拼寫的。它實際上聽起來

the same. So we've got two words here, "wine" and "whine". One is spelled with WH, and one

一樣的。所以我們這裡有兩個詞，"酒 "和 "嗲"。一個是用WH拼寫，一個

is just spelled with I, but they sound the same. Um "whine" is a kind of moan or a kind of cry. Sometimes, young

只是和I一起拼寫，但它們的發音是一樣的。 嗯 "嗲 "是一種呻吟或一種哭聲。有時候，年輕人

children whine. Sometimes, women who are upset about something are said to be "whiny". So

小孩發牢騷。有時候，女人如果為某件事情不高興，就會被說成是 "發牢騷"。所以

we don't really say that men whine. That's probably a bit sexist. But, anyway, yeah. The point

我們並不是真的說男人抱怨。這可能是一個有點性別歧視。但是，無論如何，是的。重點是...

is they sound the same but are spelled different, differently. So I've sometimes heard people try to make

是他們的聲音相同，但拼寫不同，不同。所以，我有時會聽到人們試圖讓...

the "wh" sound like "hwhine" or something like that or in these words, "which" and "witch"

"wh "聽起來像 "hwhine "或類似的東西，或者在這些詞中，"which "和 "witch"

are the same. Some people might say "hwhich". And that used to be a feature of British English.

是一樣的。有些人可能會說 "hwhich"。而這曾經是英國英語的一個特點。

If you listen to some speakers of British English from a long time ago, like around

如果你聽一些講英國英語的人從很久以前就開始講英語，比如大約在

the 1920s -- T. S. Eliot, although he wasn't British, he did acquire a really strange British

T. S. 艾略特，雖然他不是英國人，但他確實獲得了一個非常奇怪的英國人

accent. And when he spoke English, he would make the "hwhich" sound. And that was a standard

口音。而當他說英語時，他會發出 "which "的聲音。而這是一個標準的

feature of the accent then. But if you say it now, it just sounds a bit weird. So don't

當時口音的特點。但如果現在說，聽起來就有點怪怪的。所以不要

be making the "hwh" sound.

發出 "hwh "的聲音。

And here, two commonly spoken words with that "hwh" sound that you shouldn't say -- so you

在這裡，兩個常見的口語單詞，帶有 "hwh "的聲音，你不應該說... ...所以你

should say "what" without "hwhat, hwhat, hwhat do you want?" That would be awful. And "hwhere"

應該說 "什麼"，而不是 "什麼，什麼，你想要什麼？"這將是可怕的。而 "hwhere"

-- don't say that. Just say it without the H sound.

-- 別這麼說不要發H音

Let's take a look at the pronunciation of -ing word endings. So in just relaxed, informal

我們來看看-ing詞尾的發音。所以在剛剛輕鬆、非正式的

speech, I feel that a lot of dialects don't pronounce the G. So it would be like this.

語音，我感覺很多方言都不發G，所以會是這樣的。

"I was listening to some music." You don't hear the G there. But if we're making an effort

"我在聽音樂"你沒有聽到G的聲音。但如果我們努力

to speak properly and with very good enunciation, you would hear the G slightly. It would sound

如果說話得體，而且發音很好，你會聽到輕微的G音。它聽起來

like this, "I was listening to a wonderful lecture yesterday." And you hear my G. It's

像這樣，"我昨天聽了一場精彩的講座"。而你聽到我的G.

very soft, but it's there.

很軟，但它的存在。

Something to say about British English pronunciation is -- again, this is a north-south difference

關於英式英語的發音，要說的是--這又是南北之別。

-- is that they, up there, some of the accents ring the G, so it's, like, "listening, speaking.

-- 是他們，在那裡，一些口音響起G， 所以它的，像，"聽，說。

I was speaking to him." And if that's a feature of your accent, that's a feature of your accent.

我是在跟他說話。"如果這是你口音的一個特點，那就是你口音的一個特點。

But in standard English, you don't ring it. You don't make an extra "guh" or "juh" sound

但在標準英語中，你不響它。你不會多發一個 "guh "或 "juh "的音。

at the end. So the standard way is to make the G sound, "reading." But I'm just letting you

在最後。所以標準的方法是把G音變成 "讀"。但我只是讓你

know that in relaxed and informal speech, many times, we don't hear the G.

要知道，在輕鬆的非正式講話中，很多時候，我們聽不到G。

So when we come back we'll look at the other four rules

所以，當我們回來的時候，我們會看看其他四條規則。

or tips -- tips, really. Tips and observations about pronunciation.

或提示 -- -- 提示，真的。關於發音的提示和意見。

No. 5, when we're saying a word with two or more syllables, very often, the second

5號，當我們在說一個有兩個或兩個以上音節的詞時，很多時候，第二個...

syllable is not stressed, and it's what we call a "schwa". So even though all these words

音節沒有強調，這就是我們所說的 "schwa"。所以儘管這些詞都是

have a different spelling for the second syllable, they become a "schwa". So what some people do

第二個音節有不同的拼法，就變成了 "schwa"。所以有些人的做法是

is they'll say the word. And a good example is this word. They will say "En-gland". But

是他們會說這個詞。而一個很好的例子就是這個詞。他們會說 "En -land"。但是...

actually, it sounds like this "England". So the vowel changes to a "schwa", and then, it's

其實，它聽起來就像這個 "英國"。所以元音就變成了 "schwa"，然後，就是

-- another way to look at it is it becomes a softer sound. So let's say some of the words.

--另一種看法是，它變成了一個柔和的聲音。所以我們說一些詞。

"London", not "Lon-don". "London, England, together", not "togeth-er". "Together". "Button",

"倫敦"，而不是 "Lon-don"。"倫敦，英國，一起"，而不是 "togeth-er"。"一起"。"鈕釦"。

not "butt-on". "Button". "Cousin".

而不是 "對接"。"釦子"。"表哥"。

So that's the "schwa", and supposedly the most common sound in the English language, and

所以這就是 "schwa"，據說也是英語中最常見的音，而

it's a pretty confusing sound as well because it's always spelled in different ways, and

這是一個相當混亂的聲音，以及 因為它總是在不同的方式拼寫，和

it doesn't actually sound exactly the same when it moves around into different words.

其實當它移動到不同的詞時，它的聲音並不完全一樣。

So not an easy one to get familiar with. So the main thing to take away from it is that

所以不容易熟悉。所以最主要的一點是

don't put that very big stress on all your syllables in the word. It won't sound right.

不要把非常大的壓力 在你的所有音節的單詞。這聽起來不對。

No. 6, tip No. 6, uh British English is a non-rhotic accent. This is the sound /r/. In your language,

6號，小貼士6號，呃英國英語是一種非rhotic口音。這就是聲音/r/。在你的語言中。

maybe you do that thing where you roll your tongue which I can't do. I just -- I so can't

也許你做的事情，你滾你的舌頭，我不能這樣做。我只是 - 我不能

do it. So like how I can't do that sound, you might find it really hard to make that

做到這一點。所以，像我怎麼也做不到的聲音， 你可能會發現它真的很難，使

sound without rolling your tongue. Okay. It's hard. Pronunciation is not easy. But you can

不滾動舌頭就能發出聲音好吧，這很難。發音是不容易的。但你可以

always work at something and train yourself. So when we make the R sound, the position

總要在一些事情上下功夫，訓練自己。所以當我們發出R音的時候，這個位置

of the tongue is quite far back in the throat. R, R, R. And it doesn't have that rhotic sound.

舌頭在喉嚨裡的位置很靠後。R，R，R，R，它沒有那種羅音。

And in some dialects, um for example, in Scottish, you do hear it. So I'm going to say this sentence

而在一些方言中，嗯，例如，在蘇格蘭，你會聽到它。所以我要說這句話

in a Scottish accent, "The murderer wore red." Sorry, Scottish people. But they put the R

用蘇格蘭口音說："凶手穿的是紅色的衣服。"對不起，蘇格蘭人。但他們把R

sound in. I kind of did it then. Maybe I can do it after all. Uh but in my accent, I would

聲音在。我當時算是做到了。也許我可以做到這一點，畢竟。呃，但在我的口音，我會

say, "the murderer wore red." So we don't roll our tongues. And that's something -- if

說，"凶手穿紅色的。"所以，我們不滾我們的舌頭。而這一點 - 如果

you want to speak standard British English, you could work on that R if you do it. So

你想說標準的英式英語，你可以在這個R上下功夫，如果你這樣做。所以

if you're Arabic or if you're Spanish, um Italian as well, you could work on that sound.

如果你是阿拉伯人，或者如果你是西班牙人， 嗯，意大利人也一樣，你可以工作的聲音。

No. 7, now. So this is a hard sound. I'm going to have to be honest with you. It's a hard

7號，現在。所以這是個很難聽的聲音。我得跟你說實話。這是一個艱難的

sound for me because I'm a, I'm a Londoner, and I'm from South London, and we're not very -- we

聲音對我來說，因為我是一個，我是一個倫敦人， 我從南倫敦，我們不是很 - 我們...

don't like this sound very much. We like to replace it with an F, fuh, sound. I'm not too bad

不太喜歡這個聲音。我們喜歡用F，fuh，音來代替。我還不錯

making this sound at the beginning of a word, "three", "thought", "think". But sometimes,

在一個詞的開頭髮出這個音，"三"，"想"，"想"。但有時。

it's quite hard for me, like in this word. I want to say "birfday" with an F, but it

對我來說挺難的，比如這個詞。我想說 "birfday "的時候帶F，但它

should be "birthday". It's really hard for me. Um but it's not just hard for me; it's hard

應該是 "生日"。這對我來說真的很難。嗯，但它不只是對我來說很難，它是硬的

for people all over the world. Maybe we should just get rid of this sound. We don't need

為全世界的人。也許我們應該擺脫這種聲音。我們不需要

it anymore. Some people replace it with D. I've got an Italian student who replaces it

它了。有些人用D代替，我有個意大利學生用D代替。

with D. So he would say "dirty dree". That's not an Italian restaurant, but -- restaurant?

所以他會說 "dirty dree"。那不是一家意大利餐廳，而是... 餐廳？

Italian restaurant? Why am I thinking about food? It's not an Italian accent. Um because

意大利餐廳？我為什麼會想到食物？這不是意大利口音。嗯，因為

he can't say "th", he replaces it with /d/. Um, um but other people might replace it with /v/

他不能說 "th"，他用/d/代替。嗯，嗯，但其他人可能會用/v/來代替。

as well. So um a tip for making the "th" sound is you put your tongue uh between your teeth. And

以及。所以，嗯，一個提示，使 "th "的聲音是你把你的舌頭呃你的牙齒之間。然後

it's a kind of whistly sound /th/ um without the uh, um /f/. Your lip is more pursed at the top. So you

這是一種口哨的聲音/th/嗯，沒有呃，嗯/f/。你的嘴脣在上面更緊抿。所以你

don't want to do that when you're making the "th". So um, just try it. I'll say the words for

不想做，當你做 "th"。所以嗯，你就試試吧。我會說的話

you. "Three", "thumbs" -- thumbs up if you can make that sound -- "birthday", "thought",

你。 - "三"，"大拇指"三"，"大拇指"--如果你能發出這個聲音就豎起大拇指--"生日"，"思想"。

"think", "bath". See it's hard for me. I'm trying. I'm trying with you. We're learning together today.

"想"，"洗澡"。你看，這對我來說很難。我在努力我在和你一起努力今天我們一起學習。

And um rule No. 8, "can't". Oh, that's meant to have that there. A lot of people get confused

還有第8條規則，"不能"。哦，那是有這個意思的。很多人都搞不清楚

because sometimes they think, "Did you say a negative there, or did you say the positive?"

因為有時他們會想，"你是說消極的，還是說積極的？"

They get really confused because in British English, we don't always say the T. We don't always

他們真的很困惑，因為在英國英語中，我們並不總是說T。

pronounce the T in this word "can't". So it might sound like this, "I can't understand

這個詞的T的發音是 "不能"。所以聽起來可能是這樣的："我聽不懂。

you." But it might also sound like this, "I can understand you." And when I said it the

你。"但它也可能聽起來像這樣， "我能理解你。"而當我說這句話的時候

second way, you didn't hear the T. And the reason that happens is speech just become

第二種方式，你沒有聽到T，而發生這種情況的原因是語言只是變得

a little bit more fluid, a little bit more easy to say without the T. Um but you don't need

更流暢一點，更容易說，沒有T。 嗯，但你不需要。

to be confused because, actually, the opposite of "can't" is "can". And /caen/ is a different

因為實際上，"不能 "的反義詞是 "可以"。而/caen/是一個不同的

vowel. It's /ae/, whereas this vowel is /a/. So they would sound completely different.

元音。是/ae/，而這個元音是/a/。所以它們聽起來會完全不同。

It would be, "I can't understand you." Very different to "I can't understand you" or "I

應該是 "我不懂你"。非常不同的 "我不能理解你 "或 "我...

can understand you." So when you're listening out for that negative sometimes, know that

可以理解你。"所以，當你有時聽出那個負面的聲音時，你要知道...

we might say it with or without a T.

我們可以說是帶T或不帶T。

So thank you everybody for watching today. You can do a little bit of extra practice

所以感謝大家今天的觀看。大家可以多做一點練習

on the EngVid site for this lesson. And um if you do like my lesson, please do subscribe

在EngVid網站上的這一課。和嗯，如果你喜歡我的教訓，請訂閱

because I make lots of different lessons, not just about pronunciation but all other

因為我做了很多不同的課程，不僅僅是關於發音，而是所有其他的。

things about learning English as well that I think will be very educational and very useful

關於學習英語的事情，我覺得也是非常有教育意義的，非常有用的。

for you in your general development as a learner of English or someone who's just trying to

對你作為一個英語學習者的一般發展，或者只是想學習英語的人來說。

improve your English. And um I'm finished now, so I'm going to go. I'm going to go now, okay?

改善你的英語。而嗯，我現在完成了，所以我要去。我現在要去，好嗎？

I'll see you later.

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