Name: Why 400,000 People Live in Earth's Coldest City
Uploaded: 2026-03-30T16:57:57.000Z
Duration: 28 min 28 s

Of all the major cities in the world with, uh, questionable locations, there's got to be one of them that's the most questionable of all, and

在世界上所有地點有點「微妙」的大城市裡，一定有那麼一個地點是最微妙的，

情態副詞

I'd argue that it's probably this place in the middle of Siberia.

我認為那大概就是西伯利亞中間的這個地方。

Here in the depths of winter, the average low temperature will hover around -42 degrees Celsius, and

在這裡的嚴冬時節，平均的低溫會落在攝氏零下42度左右，

entire weeks can pass by where it never gets above -40 at all.

有時候整個星期氣溫都沒辦法超過零下40度。

That's cold enough that if you dare to venture outside, your exposed fingers can receive frostbite damage in as little as 3 to 7 minutes, while your exposed nose and cheeks can receive frostbite damage between 5 and 8 minutes, even if the rest of your body is completely bundled up appropriately.

這樣冷的天氣，如果你敢往外跑，暴露在外的指尖可能只要3到7分鐘就會凍傷，而暴露在外的鼻子和臉頰則可能在5到8分鐘內凍傷，即使你身體其他部位都包得好好的。

Engine oil used in cars can begin to thicken like glue and even freeze at these kinds of temperatures.

汽車使用的機油在這種溫度下會開始變得像膠水一樣濃稠，甚至結冰。

Fuel lines will freeze, batteries will die, tires will split open, and

油管會結冰，電池會沒電，輪胎會裂開，

even metal can become brittle and crack when you hit it, which leads to residents of this city usually running their car engines for hours overnight during the winter, which leaves parking lots looking like huge fields of idling vehicles.

甚至金屬都會變得易碎，敲一下就裂開，這導致這個城市的居民冬天時通常會讓汽車引擎整夜運轉數小時，讓停車場看起來像一片片怠速車輛的海洋。

Groceries bought at the store might freeze solid by the time you get back home, and

在商店買的雜貨，等你回到家時可能都已經凍結成固體了，

it's so brutally cold that fish for sale in markets can simply be left outside on display for days or even weeks at a time, because the ambient temperature outside is going to be colder than any freezer and it'll preserve them all the same.

天氣冷到一個不行，市場上賣的魚可以直接放在外面展示好幾天甚至好幾個星期，因為外面的環境溫度比任何冰箱都冷，而且一樣能把魚保存好。

This extreme city's name is Yakutsk, a place that's probably most well known to Westerners as a space on the board game Risk, but

這個極端城市的名稱是雅庫茨克，對西方人來說，這裡可能最有名的是在《戰Risk》棋盤遊戲裡的一個位置，但

with a surprisingly large population of more than 370,000 people today in the real world, it is far from your typical small Arctic outpost.

在現實世界中，它現在有超過37萬人口，遠遠不是你想像中那種典型的小型北極前哨站。

There is no bigger settlement that can be found in any direction for thousands of kilometers, while Yakutsk is also, notably, the largest city in the world that's ever been founded within the permafrost zone, the regions in the northern hemisphere where the soil remains permanently frozen year-round and have remained frozen for thousands of years, and

在數千公里的範圍內，往任何方向都找不到更大的聚落，而雅庫茨克也是，值得注意的是，它是世界上唯一一個建立在永凍土帶的城市，永凍土帶是指北半球土壤常年保持冰凍的地區，而且已經凍結了數千年，

where conducting agriculture, growing your own food, and supporting a large population are all very, very difficult.

在這裡，進行農業、種植自己的食物以及養活大量人口都非常非常困難。

And so what's even stranger then is the density of the population in Yakutsk relative to its overall region.

那麼，更奇怪的是雅庫茨克相對於其整個區域的人口密度。

The city is the capital of Russia's Sakha region, the largest country subdivision in the world that's roughly twice the size of Alaska.

這座城市是俄羅斯薩哈共和國的首府，這是世界上最大的國家級行政區，面積大約是阿拉斯加的兩倍。

Placed over the United States, Sakha is so huge that it would encompass basically the entire eastern half of the country.

如果把薩哈共和國放在美國上空，它會大到幾乎涵蓋了美國的整個東半部。

And yet, across this entire huge stretch of territory lives fewer than 1 million people today, nearly 40% of whom all just live within the capital city of Yakutsk, surrounded by a hinterland that can hardly support any agriculture at all.

然而，在這片廣闊的土地上，今天居住的人口不到100萬，其中將近40%的人都住在首府雅庫茨克，周圍的腹地幾乎無法支持任何農業。

Yakutsk is a genuinely big city and a thriving regional capital complete with universities, theaters, shopping malls, and

雅庫茨克是一座真正的大城市，也是一個蓬勃發展的區域首府，擁有大學、劇院、購物中心，

high-rise apartments that all exist in this brutal environment that makes it by far the coldest major city on the planet.

以及高樓公寓，所有這些都存在於這個殘酷的環境中，使其成為地球上最寒冷的特大城市。

The coldest temperature ever recorded in Yakutsk during the winter is about -64 degrees Celsius, an almost unbelievable sensation if you've never experienced it that's even colder than the surface of Mars gets during some seasons.

雅庫茨克冬天有紀錄以來最冷的溫度大約是攝氏零下64度，這是一種難以置信的感覺，如果你沒體驗過的話，甚至比火星某些季節的表面溫度還要低。

In the same general area where Yakutsk is located, the absolute lowest temperatures ever recorded on our planet have been measured anywhere outside of Antarctica and Greenland, and

在雅庫茨克所在的同一區域，我們星球上曾紀錄到的絕對最低溫，除了南極洲和格陵蘭之外，其他地方都測量不到，而且

yet neither of those places have a metropolis home to hundreds of thousands of residents.

這兩個地方都沒有一個大都會住著數十萬的居民。

Yakutsk is thus a truly bizarre anomaly in the world of human geography, and

是以，雅庫茨克在人類地理學上是一個非常奇特的異常現象，

for many more reasons than just its cold environment.

And that begs the ultimate question: why does a big city of this significant a size even exist at all within an environment that is so objectively hostile to human life?

這就引出了終極問題：為什麼一個如此規模龐大的城市，竟然會存在於一個對人類生活如此嚴酷的環境中？

And what sort of unique challenges does living and working in the world's coldest city entail for your everyday person there?

對於當地的一般人來說，住在地球上最冷的城市，生活和工作會面臨哪些獨特的挑戰呢？

The area around modern-day Yakutsk has been inhabited by indigenous peoples for thousands of years, but

現代雅庫茨克周邊地區在數千年前就已經有原住民居住，但

was always extremely remote and sparsely populated for basically all of history until relatively modern times because of the climate.

由於氣候的關係，在近代之前，這裡基本上一直都非常偏遠且人口稀少。

It's basically like a late-game settlement in one of the Sid Meier Civilization games that you found just in order to gain access to the area's resources.

這基本上就像是《席德·梅爾之文明帝國》遊戲後期的一個聚落，你發現它只是為了獲取該地區的資源。

The ethnic Yakut people, who refer to themselves as the Sakha, migrated into the area around Yakutsk sometime around the 13th and 14th centuries from the northern shores of Lake Baikal further to the south, after they were displaced by the expanding Mongols.

雅庫特人，自稱為薩哈族，大約在十三到十四世紀時，因為受到蒙古擴張的影響，從南方貝加爾湖的北岸遷徙到雅庫茨克周邊地區。

A Turkic people, the Yakuts are the northernmost of all the world's Turkic ethnic groups today and their language is closely related to the Kazakh and Kyrgyz languages in Central Asia.

雅庫特人是突厥語族群，也是現今世界上最北端的突厥語系民族，他們的語言與中亞的哈薩克語和吉爾吉斯語有密切關聯。

Beginning in the mid-16th century, the Russian state began its centuries of expansion across Siberia in the hunt for valuable resources like fur, which was used as both a form of currency and a product that could be exported.

從十六世紀中葉開始，俄羅斯國家為了尋求毛皮等寶貴資源，開始了橫跨西伯利亞數百年的擴張，毛皮當時既是貨幣也是可出口的商品。

In 1632, Russian explorers at the frontier of their expanding empire first entered into the heartland of the Sakha deep in Siberia, where they founded a small fort that would eventually become the modern metropolis of Yakutsk.

1632年，俄羅斯帝國邊境的探險家們首次進入西伯利亞深處的薩哈族腹地，在那裡建立了一個小型的堡壘，這個堡壘最終發展成了現代的大都市雅庫茨克。

By the 1640s, the Russians had managed to fully subjugate the Sakha people.

到了1640年代，俄羅斯人已經成功地完全征服了薩哈族。

At this early point in the settlement's history, the fort of Yakutsk was utilized as a place to receive tribute paid in furs from the local Sakha and other peoples in the area, in exchange for the Russians generally leaving them alone to their own affairs.

在定居點歷史的早期階段，雅庫茨克堡壘被用來接收當地薩哈族和其他地區民族以毛皮支付的貢品，作為交換，俄羅斯人通常會讓他們自行處理事務。

At the time, nobody could have possibly envisioned that this remote colonial outpost dedicated to harvesting fur would eventually become a major metropolis in the future.

當時，沒有人能預料到這個以獵取毛皮為主的遙遠殖民前哨站，日後竟會發展成一座主要的大都市。

But Yakutsk did have at least one major geographic advantage going for it that would later help out its growth potential: its location along the Lena River.

但雅庫茨克至少有一個重要的地理優勢，後來有助於其發展潛力：它位於勒拿河沿岸。

The Lena is a very, very significant global river system.

勒拿河是一個非常、非常重要的全球性河流系統。

It's actually the 11th longest river in the world, and

它實際上是世界上第十一長的河流，而且

it stretches for thousands of kilometers from its source at Lake Baikal in the south to its delta in the Arctic Ocean in the north, with tributaries that fan out all across the region.

它從南邊的貝加爾湖源頭一路延伸到北邊的北極海三角洲，綿延數千公里，支流遍佈整個區域。

And Yakutsk was well positioned along the Lena River to control this whole system.

而雅庫茨克就坐落在勒拿河沿岸，能有效掌控整個水系。

And during the summer season, the river is actually perfectly navigable for a huge length of 3,540 kilometers, making it a great river transportation network during the summer.

到了夏天，這條河有長達 3,540 公里的航程是完全可以通航的，這讓它成為夏季絕佳的河流運輸網絡。

The key phrase, of course, is during the summer, because this navigability only lasts for about 70 to 125 days out of the year depending on the exact location.

當然，關鍵詞是「夏天」，因為這段可通航的時間一年只有大約 70 到 125 天，具體時間會因地點而異。

And that's the only time that the Lena remains navigable because for more than two-thirds of the rest of the year, the whole river is either frozen solid or it's full of little icebergs that make any and all navigation across it impossible.

而且這也是勒拿河唯一能通航的時間，因為一年中剩下超過三分之二的時間，整條河不是凍結成固體，就是充滿了小冰山，讓任何船隻都無法通行。

Nonetheless, as a seasonally useful inland port, Yakutsk was an ideal frontier location to receive furs to ship upstream the Lena down towards Lake Baikal, where from there it was easier to export overland further towards the core in European Russia, especially after the later advent of the Trans-Siberian Railway.

儘管如此，雅庫茨克作為一個季節性重要的內陸港口，是接收毛皮並沿著勒拿河向上遊運往貝加爾湖的理想邊境地點，從那裡可以更方便地經陸路出口到俄羅斯歐洲核心地區，尤其是在後來出現了西伯利亞鐵路之後。

For centuries until the mid-1800s, the Sakha region was basically entirely exploited by the Russians as a resource colony that almost completely focused on fur.

幾個世紀以來，直到 1800 年代中期，俄羅斯人基本上完全將薩哈地區當作一個資源殖民地來開發，幾乎完全專注於毛皮貿易。

Because the soil in the region was largely covered by permafrost, relying on agriculture to sustain the economy around the settlement was never going to be a successful endeavor, and

由於該地區的土壤大部分被永久凍土覆蓋，是以依靠農業來維持聚落經濟的發展，從來都不是一個成功的做法，而且

that also kept the region's population and labor force low since they couldn't really grow their own food supply, limiting the region's economic potential beyond resource exploitation even further.

這也導致該地區的人口和勞動力偏低，因為他們無法真正種植自己的糧食供應，進一步限制了該地區除了資源開採之外的經濟潛力。

By the end of the 19th century, Yakutsk was basically still just a small frontier town that hardly anyone had ever heard of, that recorded a population of only about 6,500 people in the 1897 Russian Empire census, with the overwhelming majority of ethnic Russians in the town still involved in the fur trade.

到了 19 世紀末，雅庫茨克基本上仍然只是一個鮮為人知的小邊境城鎮，在 1897 年的俄羅斯帝國人口普查中，人口僅約 6,500 人，鎮上絕大多數的俄羅斯族人仍然從事毛皮貿易。

But then, across the 20th century, everything would begin rapidly changing for the town.

不過，到了二十世紀，這座城鎮的一切都開始快速改變。

After the Soviet Union was established in 1922, the territory of Sakha was reorganized into the Yakut Autonomous SSR, basically a semi-autonomous territory of the Russian SSR, a status that it largely inherited within Russia after the Soviet collapse in the 1990s.

蘇聯於 1922 年成立後，薩哈地區被重組成雅庫特自治蘇維埃社會主義共和國，基本上是俄羅斯蘇維埃聯邦社會主義共和國的一個半自治領土，這個地位在 1990 年代蘇聯解體後，它在俄羅斯境內大致上繼承了下來。

And the very next year afterwards, in 1923, the new, modern era of Yakutsk finally began when gold was discovered by Soviet geologists in the south of the Sakha region.

而就在隔年，也就是 1923 年，當蘇聯地質學家在薩哈地區南部發現黃金時，雅庫茨克嶄新、現代的時代終於展開。

Within only two years from then, by 1925, more than 13,000 ethnic Slavs from Russia and Ukraine had flooded into the territory in the search for gold and fortune.

從那時起不到兩年，到了 1925 年，已有超過 13,000 名來自俄羅斯和烏克蘭的斯拉夫族人湧入該地區尋找黃金和財富。

The Sakha territory's gold rush had begun, and it would never be the same ever again.

薩哈地區的淘金熱就此展開，一切再也回不去了。

The Soviet government under Stalin concluded that the amount of voluntary labor present in Sakha, who were actually willing to mine for gold, was far too insufficient to actually harvest the amount of gold they wanted.

史達林領導下的蘇聯政府認為，薩哈地區願意自願開採黃金的勞動力實在太少，無法開採出他們想要的黃金數量。

So they began bringing in huge numbers of involuntary labor instead through the infamous gulag system.

是以，他們開始透過臭名昭著的古拉格系統，引進了大量的強制勞動。

Across Stalin's reign, around a hundred different camps, prisons, and

在史達林的統治期間，古拉格系統在整個薩哈地區建立了約一百個不同的營區、監獄和

penal colonies were established in the gulag system all across the Sakha territory, and

at least 50,000 prisoners were brought into them who were primarily used for labor in the gold mines.

並將至少 50,000 名囚犯帶入其中，他們主要被用於黃金礦場的勞動。

In a sense, this was only a dramatic continuation of the old Tsarist policies in Siberia, which had long treated Yakutsk and the Sakha territory specifically as effectively a prison without any walls, in addition to its use as a resource colony.

某種程度上，這只是延續了舊沙皇時期在西伯利亞的政策，當時的雅庫茨克和薩哈地區，除了被當作資源殖民地外，早已被視為一座沒有圍牆的監獄。

Political dissidents who were exiled to the Sakha territory didn't need to be kept under constant surveillance or even housed in prisons.

被流放到薩哈地區的政治異議者，不需要被嚴密監控，甚至也不需要被關在監獄裡。

Nothing else existed for thousands of kilometers in any direction, and

向四面八方數千公里內，根本什麼都沒有，

the odds of survival out there alone in the brutal wilderness and climate were effectively zero, making its location perfect as a dumping ground for people who were politically or socially undesirable by both the Tsarist and later Soviet regimes alike.

而在嚴酷的荒野和氣候中獨自生存的機率幾乎為零，這使得它的地理位置非常適合被當作是，無論是沙皇還是後來的蘇聯政權，用來處理政治上或社會上不受歡迎的人的丟棄場。

All of this during the Stalinist era made the population of both Yakutsk and the Sakha territory more broadly explode.

這一切發生在史達林時代，讓雅庫茨克和更廣泛的薩哈地區人口爆炸性增長。

Between 1926 and 1959, the population of Yakutsk, the city, expanded by more than seven times over from only around 10,000 people to more than 70,000, while the ethnic Yakuts or Sakha themselves were diluted for more than 80% of the overall territory's population in 1926 to less than half of the population by 1959 due to the influx of all of the Russians and Ukrainians from the European core of the Soviet Union.

從1926年到1959年，雅庫茨克市的人口增加了七倍多，從大約一萬人增加到超過七萬人，而到了1959年，俄羅斯人和烏克蘭人從蘇聯歐洲核心地區湧入，使得原本佔薩哈地區總人口80%以上的薩哈族人，比例降至不到一半。

And as it turned out, gold was far from the only valuable resource to be found in the area, and

事實證明，黃金遠非該地區唯一有價值的資源，

it wouldn't even be the most valuable resource either.

它甚至都不是最有價值的資源。

As early as the 1930s, Soviet geologists were commenting on the similar nature of the geography found in Siberia to South Africa, which led to a lot of speculation that Siberia probably had rich diamond deposits just like South Africa had.

早在1930年代，蘇聯地質學家就評論說，西伯利亞的地理環境與南非相似，這引發了許多猜測，認為西伯利亞可能像南非一樣擁有豐富的鑽石礦藏。

After the Second World War momentarily interrupted all of the exploration efforts for them, the first rough diamond in the Sakha region was finally discovered by Soviet geologists in 1949.

二戰暫時中斷了所有相關的探勘工作，直到1949年，蘇聯地質學家才終於在薩哈地區發現了第一顆未加工的鑽石。

And then five years later, in 1954, shortly after Stalin's death, they hit the motherload in a rich kimberlite pipe in Sakha that they called Zarnitsa.

接著在五年後的1954年，史達林逝世後不久，他們在薩哈地區一個富含金伯利岩的礦脈中發現了寶藏，並將其命名為Zarnitsa。

And as it soon turned out from there, the Sakha territory is actually the most diamond-rich area in the world that's ever been discovered anywhere outside of southern Africa.

後來事實證明，薩哈地區實際上是除了南非以外，世界上鑽石蘊藏最豐富的區域。

And this is what truly caused the even more rapid explosion in the territory's population across the second half of the 20th century, as even more Russians and Ukrainians began migrating in in search of diamond fortune.

這也真正導致了20世紀後半葉該地區人口的爆炸性增長，因為有更多俄羅斯人和烏克蘭人為了鑽石財富而移入。

By the end of the 20th century, the Sakha territory was producing as much as 25% of the world's entire supply of diamonds.

到了20世紀末，薩哈地區生產的鑽石量佔了全球總供應量的25%。

And entire cities were built up from scratch around all of the various mines that were built using prefabricated housing and staffed with workforces that were largely imported from the European core.

圍繞著各種礦場，興建了整座城市，這些礦場採用預製房屋建造，並由大量從歐洲核心地區引進的勞動力來營運。

During the Soviet era, the salary that a worker could earn in the diamond mines in Sakha was roughly four times greater than the Soviet average, with generous bonuses paid on top, which was more than enough to attract tens of thousands of new people to move to the territory despite its brutal climate and working and living conditions.

在蘇聯時期，薩哈地區鑽石礦工的薪資大約是蘇聯平均薪資的四倍，還有優渥的獎金，這足以吸引數萬人移居該地區，儘管那裡的氣候以及工作和生活條件都非常嚴酷。

And all of this led to the rise in population and development of Sakha's capital, Yakutsk, where the big diamond and gold mining operations all began establishing their regional offices and headquarters at.

這一切都促成了薩哈首府雅庫茨克的發展和人口增長，因為大型鑽石和黃金開採公司都在這裡設立了區域辦事處和總部。

Since the 1960s, every single year, more than $1 billion worth of diamonds have been mined up from the Sakha territory, and

自1960年代以來，每年都有超過10億美元的鑽石從薩哈地區開採出來，

by the end of the 1980s, diamond and gold mining, along with smaller tin and coal mining operations, were collectively bringing about $4 billion into the Soviet treasury every year, a fortune that has led to the increasingly rapid development of the regional capital at Yakutsk.

而到了1980年代末，鑽石和黃金開採，加上較小的錫礦和煤礦開採業務，每年總共為蘇聯國庫帶來了約40億美元的收入，這筆財富促成了雅庫茨克這個區域首府日益快速的發展。

Between 1959 and 1989, roughly from when the diamond industry just started getting going to just before the Soviet Union's collapse, the population of Yakutsk more than doubled again from 74,000 people to more than 186,000 people, complete with high-rise apartments, museums, factories, and

在1959年到1989年之間，大約是鑽石產業剛起步到蘇聯解體前夕，雅庫茨克的人口又翻了一倍多，從7萬4千人成長到超過18萬6千人，高樓大廈、博物館、工廠和

Meaning that by the twilight years of the Soviet era, Yakutsk had already become a fairly large city from basically nothing, almost entirely because of the emergence of the diamond and gold mining industries in the region.

這意味著到了蘇聯晚期，雅庫茨克已經從無到有，發展成一座相當大的城市，這幾乎完全歸功於該地區鑽石和黃金開採產業的興起。

The biggest symbol of Soviet and Russian mining operations that emerged in the Sakha territory is the Mere Open Pit Mine, currently the fourth deepest open pit mine globally and one of the largest man-made holes on the planet.

在薩哈地區出現的蘇聯和俄羅斯礦業營運中，最顯著的標誌就是「埋藏露天礦坑」，這是目前全球第四深的露天礦坑，也是地球上最大的人造坑洞之一。

That's 525 meters deep and more than a full kilometer wide.

這個坑洞深達525公尺，寬度超過一公里。

This hole is so big that helicopters have been restricted from flying over it because of the turbulent air currents that the hole generates above it.

這個坑洞非常大，由於它上方產生的湍流氣流，直升機被禁止在上方飛行。

In their search for even more valuable minerals in the territory, the Soviets also conducted a series of underground nuclear explosions across the Sakha territory as well, that continue to plague the region's environment to this day.

為了尋找該地區更有價值的礦物，蘇聯人還在薩哈地區進行了一系列地下核爆炸，這些爆炸至今仍在困擾著該地區的環境。

Over a period of about 14 years, between 1974 and 1988, the Soviets are known to have conducted at least 12 of these underground nuclear explosions in the Sakha territory that attempted to either use their seismic waves to locate further minerals or to utilize their explosive power to dig out mines in place of conventional explosives.

在1974年到1988年這大約14年的時間裡，蘇聯人據悉在薩哈地區至少進行了12次這樣的地下核爆炸，試圖利用其地震波來定位更多礦物，或是利用其爆炸威力來開挖礦坑，取代傳統炸藥。

But in the end, all they really did was result in radioactive contamination of the territory's soil and aquifers that have made life even more difficult than it already was naturally.

但最終，這些爆炸只造成了該地區土壤和含水層的放射性汙染，讓生活比原本就艱困的自然環境更加難熬。

And of course, the natural environment around Yakutsk is absolutely brutal.

而雅庫茨克周遭的自然環境，當然也是極度嚴酷的。

And that has always made developing a city here very unique and challenging.

這也讓在這裡發展城市，變得非常獨特且充滿挑戰。

There are many natural factors that combine to make the area around Yakutsk the coldest place on the planet anywhere outside of Antarctica and Greenland.

有許多自然因素加在一起，讓雅庫茨克周邊地區成為地球上除了南極洲和格陵蘭之外最冷的地方。

The city itself is located deep within the Eurasian continent, thousands of kilometers away from any nearby ocean.

這座城市本身就位於歐亞大陸深處，距離任何附近的海洋都有數千公里遠。

Oceans generally moderate temperatures, but Yakutsk doesn't get to experience that.

海洋通常能調節氣溫，但雅庫茨克卻無法享受到這一點。

And ironically, the climate a thousand kilometers away further to the north on the coastline of the Arctic Ocean is even milder than it is down in Yakutsk, with average January temperatures in the north of around -20 degrees Celsius compared to -40 degrees Celsius further to the south inland in Yakutsk.

諷刺的是，北極海洋海岸線上，距離這裡一千公里以北的氣候，比雅庫茨克還要溫和，北方一月份的平均氣溫約為攝氏零下20度，而雅庫茨克內陸更南邊則是攝氏零下40度。

The Siberian High, the strongest high-pressure weather system in the northern hemisphere, always brings in a massive amount of extremely cold, dry air from the Arctic that gets trapped inland over central Siberia every winter between September and April.

西伯利亞高氣壓是北半球最強的高壓天氣系統，每年冬天9月到4月，它總是從北極帶來大量極度寒冷乾燥的空氣，這些空氣被困在西伯利亞中部內陸。

That significantly affects the climate around Yakutsk as well, exacerbated by the omnipresent snow-covered taiga and plains that reflect sunlight that further helps to maintain the extremely low temperatures.

這也大大影響了雅庫茨克周邊的氣候，加上無所不在的白雪覆蓋的泰加林和草原反射陽光，進一步助長了極低的氣溫。

The result is that weeks at a time in Yakutsk can go without ever rising above -40 degrees Celsius in the winter.

結果就是，在冬天，雅庫茨克有好幾個星期，氣溫都可能一直維持在攝氏零下40度以上。

The coldest temperature ever recorded in the city is an almost unbelievable -64 degrees Celsius, while the temperature has never been recorded over freezing in the city once between November 10th and March 14th.

這座城市有紀錄以來最冷的溫度，是令人難以置信的攝氏零下64度，而在11月10日到3月14日之間，這座城市的氣溫從未超過零度。

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Why 400,000 People Live in Earth's Coldest City

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