Name: 新罕布夏州隱藏的夢魘地理詭異BUG！ (The Nightmare Geography Glitch Hiding in New Hampshire)
Uploaded: 2026-03-04T06:09:33.000Z
Duration: 23 min 4 s

第二類條件句型

If somebody asked you what the deadliest mountain in the world is, your first thought would probably wander to ones that are obviously very dangerous, like Mount Everest or maybe even K2.

如果有人問你世界上最致命的山是什麼，你第一個想到的大概會是那些明顯很危險的山，像是聖母峰（Mount Everest）或是 K2。

基礎被動語態

If you're familiar with the world's second tallest mountain's brutal reputation, if you were limited to answering the deadliest mountain in the United States, you might think of examples like Denali in Alaska, Mount Rainier in Washington, or Mount Hood in Oregon.

如果你對這座世界第二高峰的嚴峻名聲有所瞭解，但如果只能回答美國最致命的山，你可能會想到阿拉斯加的迪納利峰（Denali）、華盛頓州的雷尼爾山（Mount Rainier），或是奧勒岡州的胡德山（Mount Hood）。

程度副詞

All of these mountains indeed have infamous reputations, and they all look extremely, extremely intimidating as well.

這些山確實都有惡名昭彰的名聲，而且看起來都極度、極度嚇人。

That's probably at least partially why you've actually heard about them.

這大概至少部分解釋了為什麼你真的聽過它們。

But what if I told you that instead, the deadliest mountain in America, and

但如果我告訴你，美國最致命的山，

indeed the deadliest mountain in the entire world, isn't actually any of these, but

還有，實際上是全世界最致命的山，

is rather a much, much smaller and unassuming looking mountain in New Hampshire that you've maybe never even heard about.

並不是這些，而是一座在「新罕布夏州」（New Hampshire）小得多、不起眼的、你可能從沒聽過的山。

If you're not from around here, that's called Mount Washington.

如果你不是當地人，那座山叫做華盛頓山（Mount Washington）。

With a total elevation of 6,288ft above sea level, Mount Washington is the tallest summit that can be found anywhere in New England and more broadly, anywhere in the entire Northeast region of the United States.

華盛頓山（Mount Washington）總海拔為 6,288 英尺，是「新英格蘭」（New England）地區，乃至更廣泛的「美國東北部地區」（Northeast region）中最高的山峰。

Nonetheless, when compared to the elevations of mountains elsewhere across the western U.S.

然而，跟「美國」（U.S.）西部其他地方的山的高度相比，

mount Washington appears as basically a dwarf mountain.

華盛頓山（Mount Washington）看起來根本就是座矮山。

Despite being the tallest mountain in the Northeast, it is only the 550th tallest mountain nationwide, with literally hundreds of mountains taller than it dotted all across states west of the Mississippi, across the Rockies, the Sierra Nevada, and

雖然它是美國東北部最高的山，但在全國排名僅是第 550 名，實際上，密西西比河以西的落磯山脈（Rockies）、內華達山脈（Sierra Nevada）和喀斯喀特山脈（Cascades）等地區，散佈著數百座比它還高的山。

In fact, it's less than half the height of dozens of mountains found across Colorado and Alaska.

事實上，它的高度不到科羅拉多州（Colorado）和阿拉斯加州（Alaska）許多山峰的一半。

And yet it has claimed more people's lives than nearly all of them.

然而，它卻奪走了比這些山加起來還要多的生命。

Since 1948, more than 32 people have died on Mount Washington due to a combination of falls, avalanches, and

自 1948 年以來，有超過 32 人在華盛頓山（Mount Washington）因跌倒、雪崩和失溫而喪生，這比美國除了迪納利峰（Denali）、瑞尼爾山（Mount Rainier）和胡德山（Mount Hood）之外的任何山脈都要多。

hypothermia, more than every other mountain in the United States other than Denali, Mount Rainier, and Mount Hood.

失溫，比美國除了迪納利峰（Denali）、瑞尼爾山（Mount Rainier）和胡德山（Mount Hood）之外的任何山脈都要多。

Mount Washington is tied for the fourth highest number of deaths on any mountain in the country, tied with Grand Teton in Wyoming.

華盛頓山（Mount Washington）的死亡人數，在全國所有山脈中並列第四高，與懷俄明州（Wyoming）的大提頓山（Grand Teton）並列。

And of course, the principal attribute of Mount Washington that sets it apart from all of these other deadly mountains is its dramatically shorter height.

當然，華盛頓山（Mount Washington）與其他這些致命的山脈最顯著的區別，就是它那顯著較矮的高度。

Mount Washington is less than a third the height of Denali and is roughly half the height of Mount Rainier.

華盛頓山（Mount Washington）的高度不到迪納利峰（Denali）的三分之一，大約是瑞尼爾山（Mount Rainier）的一半。

胡德山（Mount Hood）在大提頓山（Grand Teton）。

Despite having the same number of fatalities since 1948 as the latter.

儘管自 1948 年以來，死亡人數與後者相同。

Since modern record keeping began a century before that, in 1848, more than 160 people are known to have lost their lives on Mount Washington.

自從一個世紀前，也就是 1848 年開始有現代紀錄以來，已知有超過 160 人在華盛頓山（Mount Washington）喪生。

Adjusted for the number of deaths per foot of vertical Climb Mount Washington becomes not only the deadliest mountain in America, but

如果以每英尺垂直攀登的死亡人數來計算，華盛頓山（Mount Washington）不僅是美國最致命的山，

the deadliest mountain anywhere in the world.

A fact that becomes all the more strange when you realize that you can simply drive a car or take a train all the way up to the summit.

更奇怪的是，你竟然可以開車或搭火車直達山頂。

Unlike any of these other super deadly mountains that are dramatically taller than it, where the only way up is basically to climb.

不像其他這些比它高很多、致命的山脈，上去的唯一方式基本上就是攀登。

This is in a sense precisely what makes Mount Washington so deadly.

某種程度上，這正是讓華盛頓山（Mount Washington）如此致命的原因。

The fact that it simply doesn't appear to be deadly like all of the other mountains do.

它看起來根本不像其他那些致命的山脈一樣致命。

Denali is in an extremely remote location in rural Alaska that isn't connected to any roads.

Denali 位於阿拉斯加州偏遠的鄉村地區，沒有任何道路連接。

You basically have to charter a plane just to fly you to Denali's base camp.

你基本上必須包機才能飛到 Denali 的基地營。

And climbing up from there and back again often takes weeks to accomplish through massive glaciers and crevasse fields that are apparent from miles away before you even get there.

從那裡往返攀登，經常需要數週時間才能完成，穿越巨大的冰川和冰隙區，這些在你抵達前幾英里就能看到。

Mount Rainier is similarly covered in glaciers form pool of cavernous crevasses that are large enough to swallow up entire houses, all that you can see from far away.

Mount Rainier 同樣覆蓋著冰川，形成巨大的冰隙池，大到足以吞噬整棟房子，這些從遠處都能看到。

While hiking up more than 10,000 vertical feet through all of that in order to reach the summit serves as too much of a deterrent for most.

爬升超過一萬英尺，穿越這一切才能到達山頂，對大多數人來說是個太大的阻礙。

The kind of people who decide to climb these kinds of mountains are usually well aware of how dangerous they are and have spent a serious amount of time and effort preparing to tackle them.

決定攀登這些山脈的人，通常都很清楚它們有多危險，並且花費了大量時間和精力來準備應對。

Mount Washington, on the other hand, doesn't really look all that different from just about any other mountain within its range in New Hampshire, the White Mountains.

相較之下，華盛頓山（Mount Washington）看起來和新罕布夏州白山（White Mountains）的任何其他山脈沒什麼兩樣。

There aren't any glaciers that are present to frighten people away.

沒有任何冰川會讓人望而卻步。

And unlike many of the other deadliest mountains, it's hardly in a remote location that's difficult to get to.

而且，與許多其他致命的山脈不同，它幾乎不在難以到達的偏遠地區。

It's only about a three and a half hour drive from the big city of Boston to reach the parking lot at the base of the mountain.

從波士頓這個大城市開車過去，大約三個半小時就能到山腳下的停車場。

And from there it can only take all of about two hours for an unprepared hiker to get in.

從那裡開始，沒準備的登山客大概兩個小時就能上去了。

完全超出他們的頭腦和能力範圍。

The summit of Mount Washington is actually the sixth most visited mountain summit in the world, largely because of how accessible it is from major metropolitan areas like Boston.

華盛頓山（Mount Washington）的山頂，其實是全世界第六受歡迎的山頂，很大一部分原因是因為它離波士頓這些大都會區很近，很方便抵達。

The fact that you can usually just drive or take a train all the way up to the summit and its status as the highest peak in New England in the Northeast.

你通常可以直接開車或搭火車上山頂，而且它是美國東北部地區新英格蘭最高的山峰。

But all of the other mountain summits in the topmost visited are either much shorter and therefore safer, or they're much higher and therefore people know to prepare better.

但其他最受歡迎的山頂，不是因為比較矮所以比較安全，就是因為比較高，所以大家知道要做好更充分的準備。

Mount Washington is basically at this weird middle sort of height where underprepared climbers or even drivers expecting something easier here might get caught off guard, especially when luck doesn't favor them.

華盛頓山（Mount Washington）的高度大概處於一個很奇怪的中間點，準備不足的登山客，甚至開車來的人，可能會在這裡措手不及，特別是當運氣不站在他們這邊的時候。

It's not really Mount Washington's height that makes it so incredibly deadly, though.

不過，讓華盛頓山（Mount Washington）如此致命的，其實不是它的高度。

It's the fact that the mountain arguably is the site of the worst weather that can be found anywhere on planet Earth.

而是因為這座山，可以說是地球上天氣最惡劣的地方。

Despite its rather unassuming looking appearance, let's start with wind and explain why Mount Washington is actually the single windiest location anywhere in the world.

儘管它看起來相當不起眼，我們先從風開始聊聊，解釋為什麼華盛頓山（Mount Washington）實際上是全世界風最大的地方。

On an afternoon day In April of 1934, researchers at the summit of Mount Washington at the Mount Washington Observatory measured a wind speed that should have been impossible, an astonishing 231mph.

在1934年4月的一個下午，華盛頓山天文臺（Mount Washington Observatory）的研究人員在華盛頓山（Mount Washington）的山頂測得了一個不可能出現的風速，驚人的每小時231英里。

To put that into perspective, in order to become a Category 5 hurricane, wind speeds only need to reach 157 mph.

這樣說好了，要成為五級颶風，風速只需要達到每小時157英里。

231 mph is enough to obliterate any house made out of wood and will even cause serious structural issues to well built houses.

每小時231英里足以摧毀任何木造房屋，甚至會對結構良好的房屋造成嚴重的損壞。

For decades, that measurement on the top of Mount Washington was the fastest wind speed ever measured anywhere on the Earth's surface.

幾十年來，華盛頓山（Mount Washington）山頂的這項測量，一直是地球表面任何地方測得的最快風速紀錄。

Until it was surpassed in 1996 by a monster tropical cyclone that clocked in at a speed of 254mph off the western coast of Australia.

直到1996年，一個強勁的熱帶氣旋在澳洲西部海岸創下了每小時254英里的紀錄，才打破了這個紀錄。

It is still the fastest wind speed ever measured on the Earth's surface outside of the context of a tropical cyclone or a tornado.

這仍然是除了熱帶氣旋或龍捲風之外，地球表面測得的最快風速紀錄。

Hurricane force winds or wind speeds greater than 75 miles per hour are generally observed on the summit of Mount Washington for an average of 110 days a year, or for nearly one out of every three days.

在華盛頓山（Mount Washington）山頂，平均每年有110天，也就是將近三分之一的時間，會觀測到颶風等級的風速，也就是每小時超過75英里的風速。

And during the winter season, the wind speeds will be at or above hurricane force about every other day on average, the most consistently dangerously fast winds that are experienced anywhere in the world.

而在冬季，平均每兩天就會有一次風速達到或超過颶風等級，這是全世界最穩定且危險的強風。

These wicked fast winds that blow over Mount Washington are, of course, a frequent and significant hazard.

這些吹過華盛頓山（Mount Washington）的狂風，當然是一種頻繁且嚴重的危險。

And they happen for an interesting combination of reasons.

而這背後的原因，其實是各種因素有趣的結合。

Mount Washington, while not exactly a tall mountain compared to those out west, is still a giant in the east.

華盛頓山（Mount Washington）雖然不像西部那些山脈一樣高聳，但在東部，它依然是個巨擘。

Its summit is the highest geographic point for nearly 1,000 miles away in every direction.

它的山頂是方圓近一千英里內最高的地理點。

It happens to exist at almost exactly the midpoint between the North Pole and the equator, and

它恰好位於北極點和赤道之間的差不多正中間，而且

it sits precisely at the intersection of three major weather systems.

它正好坐落在三個主要天氣系統的交匯處。

From the Atlantic to its south, south, from the Arctic to its north and its west, and

從南邊的北大西洋，從北邊和西邊的北極，以及

from the Gulf of Mexico to its far southwest.

These three clashing weather systems bring warm, humid tropical air from the southwest, moist maritime air from the Atlantic, and

這三個相互衝擊的天氣系統，從西南帶來溫暖潮濕的熱帶空氣，從大西洋帶來濕潤的海洋空氣，以及

cool, drier continental air from the north, all precisely to the summit of Mount Washington, where they clash and generate Powerful low pressure systems and strong pressure gradients, which drives the freak storms and extreme winds up there.

從北方帶來涼爽乾燥的大陸空氣，所有這些都精準地匯聚到華盛頓山（Mount Washington）的山頂，在那裡它們相互碰撞，產生強大的低壓系統和巨大的氣壓梯度，這才造就了那裡頻繁發生的怪異風暴和極端強風。

Wind is usually slowed down by friction from the ground.

風通常會因為地表的摩擦而減速。

But since Mount Washington is by far the highest point anywhere around for thousands of miles in most directions, the higher winds that strike it haven't ever been slowed down by this usual process.

但由於華盛頓山（Mount Washington）是周圍數千英里內絕大多數方向上最高的點，所以撞擊到它的高空風從未被這種通常的過程減速。

The overall Presidential Range, the Mount Washington crowns in the north, forms a V shape that points directly where the cold winds blowing across southern Canada come from.

總統山脈整體，北邊的華盛頓山山頂，形成一個V字形，直接指向從加拿大南部吹來的冷風方向。

As the higher winds that haven't been slowed down for thousands of miles reach the Presidential Range, they're suddenly forced upward and accelerate, accelerate in speed through a process known as the Venturi Effect, similar to how a river's velocity increases as it passes over a rapid.

這些數千年來未曾減速的高空風，抵達總統山脈時，會突然被迫抬升並加速，透過文丘裡效應（Venturi Effect）的速度加速，就像河流流過急流時速度會增加一樣。

This, combined with a clashing of cool dry air with warm moist air, is what can create some of the most freakish weather on the planet up here.

這加上冷乾空氣與暖濕空氣的碰撞，就是這裡能產生地球上最奇特的氣候的原因。

And going well beyond just the insane wind speeds.

As you'd expect for a mountain at its elevation and its latitude, it gets pretty cold up on the summit of Mount Washington.

正如你所預期的，這座山脈的海拔和緯度，華盛頓山山頂非常寒冷。

The summit's all time low recorded temperature was negative 50 degrees Fahrenheit back in January of 1885.

山頂有紀錄以來的最低溫是1885年1月，零下50度華氏。

A high temperature of 0 degrees Fahrenheit still occurs about 13 days a year, while low temperatures at or below 0 degrees Fahrenheit usually happens every single day between the middle of November and the start of April.

攝氏0度的高溫一年大約還會出現13天，而攝氏0度或以下的低溫，通常在11月中旬到4月初之間的每一天都會發生。

Between December and March, across the winter season, the temperature on the summit will only get above freezing for an average of just 15 days.

在12月到3月，也就是整個冬季，山頂的溫度平均只有15天會高於冰點。

The average ambient temperature on the summit is just 27 degrees Fahrenheit.

山頂的平均環境溫度只有攝氏27度。

Now, a lot of that might not sound too bad to be honest, but

說真的，這些聽起來可能沒那麼糟，

you have to remember that none of those ambient temperatures take into account the crazy fast wind speeds and the absolutely bone shattering wind chill effect they have.

但你要記得，這些環境溫度都沒有把超快的風速和那種凍到骨頭裡的低溫效應算進去。

To give you just an idea of how nuts this can get, consider the horror that the mountain summit experienced on 16 January in 2004.

為了讓你大概瞭解有多誇張，想想2004年1月16日山頂經歷的恐怖情況。

That day, the ambient temperature on Mount Washington summit was minus 46.3 degrees Fahrenheit or minus 42 Celsius.

那天，華盛頓山山頂的環境溫度是零下46.3度華氏，也就是零下42度攝氏。

But it was also sustaining wind speeds of just over 87mph too.

但當時的風速也超過每小時87英里。

As a result, the wind chill value on the summit that day was a brutal -102.6 degrees Fahrenheit or -74.7 degrees Celsius.

結果，那天山頂的低溫效應高達零下102.6度華氏，或零下74.7度攝氏。

Enough to cause frostbite to exposed human tissue in under five minutes and lethal in as little as 30 minutes without proper Arctic survival gear.

這足以讓暴露的皮膚在五分鐘內凍傷，如果沒有適當的極地求生裝備，30分鐘內就可能致命。

And then somehow even that brutal record was beaten pretty recently over the night of the 3rd to 4th of February 2023, when an ambient temperature of minus 47 degrees Fahrenheit and faster wind speeds of more than 100 miles per hour produced a new record low US wind chill temperature on the mountain summit of minus 108 degrees Fahrenheit.

然後，在2023年2月3日到4日夜間，這個驚人的紀錄又被打破了，當時環境溫度是零下47度華氏，風速超過每小時100英里，在山頂創下了美國最低的低溫紀錄，達到零下108度華氏。

Simply put, that is nearly as cold as the coldest surface air temperature ever recorded in history, which was measured at minus 128.6 degrees Fahrenheit in 1983 at the Vostov Station deep within the interior of Antarctica.

簡單來說，這幾乎跟人類歷史上紀錄到的最低地表氣溫一樣冷，那是在1983年南極洲內陸的東方站（Vostok Station）測得的零下128.6度華氏。

The summit of Mount Washington can therefore literally get as cold as the depths of Antarctica can during the winter.

所以華盛頓山的山頂，溫度真的可以跟南極洲冬天最冷的時候一樣。

And it is, rather surprisingly, the site of the coldest temperature ever measured anywhere in the United States, even beating out anywhere in Alaska during that event in 2004, when the wind chill affects plunged the temperature down to as low as -102.6 °F.

而且，令人意外的是，這裡創下了美國有史以來測得的最低溫紀錄，甚至比2004年在阿拉斯加發生的那次還低，當時的低溫效應讓溫度驟降到零下102.6度華氏。

The wind chill never once rose to be warmer than -50 degrees Fahrenheit for more than 71 hours or for nearly three straight days.

那次，風速造成的低溫效應在71小時內，也就是將近三天，都沒有回升到零下50度華氏以上。

Even throughout the summer months, temperatures can unexpectedly plunge and winter like conditions can exist at the summit, which is the next big dangerous problem on the mountain.

即使在夏天，山頂的溫度也可能出乎意料地驟降，出現像冬天一樣的狀況，這也是這座山上另一個危險的問題。

Due to Mount Washington's location along clashing weather patterns, its relative proximity to the Great Lakes that brings lake effect snow along with the Canadian winds, and

由於華盛頓山位於天氣系統交會處，靠近五大湖帶來湖泊效應的降雪，加上加拿大來的風，

its relatively high elevation compared with its surroundings, Mount Washington gets a ton of snow, which is extremely unusual for its modest elevation.

以及相較於周邊地區較高的海拔，華盛頓山會累積大量的降雪，這對它不算高的海拔來說非常不尋常。

Mount Washington's summit will see an average of almost 97 inches of precipitation per year, the vast majority of which falls on it as snow, which is surprisingly even more precipitation than the summit of Mount Rainier in Washington receives.

華盛頓山的山頂平均每年降水量將近97英吋，其中絕大部分是以雪的形式降下，這比華盛頓州的瑞尼爾山（Mount Rainier）山頂的降水量還要多。

Despite it being about 20 twice as tall, Mount Washington receives by far the most snow of any mountain of its height or lower anywhere in the United States for basically the same reasons why it's so windy up there too.

儘管海拔高出約20倍，華盛頓山卻是美國境內同等或更低海拔山脈中降雪量最大的，原因跟它風勢強勁差不多。

Huge volumes of snow will get picked up all along the lower Presidential Mountains and then gets blown up across Mount Washington over to its eastern side, where the snow packs and fills up deep ravines there like Tuckerman that can sometimes reach up to 50ft deep deep during the winter.

大量的積雪會從總統山脈（Presidential Mountains）的低處被捲起，然後被吹到華盛頓山的東側，那裡的積雪堆積起來，填滿像塔克曼（Tuckerman）這樣的深谷，冬天時深度有時可達50英尺。

In the winter and the spring, this thickly packed snow, especially in Tuckerman Ravine, can morph into an almost concrete like layer that can easily fracture and generate avalanches, which is a major hazard for hikers and backcountry skiers all throughout the winter and spring seasons as well, many of whom might not expect such a potentially high avalanche risk for such a relatively small mountain.

到了冬天和春天，這些厚實的積雪，尤其是在塔克曼峽谷（Tuckerman Ravine），可能會變成像水泥一樣的硬層，容易斷裂並引發雪崩，這對整季在冬天和春天登山和野外滑雪的遊客來說是個主要危險，許多人可能沒想到這麼一座相對較小的山，會有這麼高的潛在雪崩風險。