Name: 印度、中國和美國爭奪新太空時代的霸主地位 (India, China and the U.S. battle for supremacy in the new space age)
Uploaded: 2025-10-21T18:37:23.000Z
Duration: 38 min 38 s

Welcome to beyond the Valley, a CNBC tech podcast with Arjun Karpil and Tom Chitty.

歡迎來到 beyond the Valley，這是 CNBC 的一個科技 Podcast，由 Arjun Karpil 和 Tom Chitty 主持。

The World Economic Forum released a report earlier this year which estimated that the global space economy will treble to $1.8 trillion by 2035.

世界經濟論壇在今年稍早發布了一份報告，預估到 2035 年，全球太空經濟將成長兩倍，達到 1.8 兆美元。

情態副詞

Not only will it rival the size and reach of the semiconductor industry, the but space technologies will become as widespread as microchips are today.

太空科技不僅將能與半導體產業的規模和影響力匹敵，其普及程度也將如同現今的微晶片一樣廣泛。

And so the 21st century space race has taken off, led in large part by private companies.

是以，21 世紀的太空競賽已經展開，很大程度上是由私人企業領頭。

But as we'll find out, the major superpowers have space ambitions of their own beyond the Valley.

但正如我們將會發現的，主要的超級大國也有他們自己的太空野心，beyond the Valley。

So for this week's episode, we're going to start things off a little differently.

所以，本週的這一集，我們要稍微換個方式開始。

before we get to them, Arjun wants to do a little scene setter for you, if you.

在我們訪問他們之前，Arjun 想先為大家做一點場景設定，如果可以的話。

I just want to set the scene because, you know, space has been this sort of area that governments have been aiming to take a lead on for many, many decades at this point and dominate.

我只是想設定一下場景，因為你知道，太空一直是各國政府在過去幾十年來一直爭取領導地位並試圖主導的領域。

as we know, has been a very prominent space power for a very long time.

就像我們知道的，長久以來一直是個重要的太空強權。

But we're now getting into an era where we're seeing China flex its muscles in space in India as well, which we'll obviously talk about.

但我們現在進入了一個新時代，我們看到中國也在太空領域展現實力，印度也是，這我們之後當然會聊到。

But as I tell a little bit very small story to set the scene.

但在講一個小故事來設定場景之前。

In 1957, the Soviet Union launched Sputnik, the first artificial satellite, which sparked this space race between it and the U.S.

1957年，蘇聯發射了 Sputnik，第一顆人造衛星，這引發了它和美國之間的太空競賽。

china, however, was nowhere ready to be seen.

While the US and the Soviet Union were battling for superiority in this new domain, Mao Zedong, one of the founders of the Chinese Communist Party, reportedly said at the time, china cannot even put a potato in in space.

當美國和蘇聯在這個新領域爭奪優勢時，中國共產黨的創始人之一毛澤東據說當時說，中國連一顆馬鈴薯都送不進太空。

Since Mao's comments, China has launched satellites, sent humans to space, and

自從毛澤東說了這番話之後，中國發射了衛星，將人類送入太空，並且

現在正計畫在火星上建造基地。

China has its own rival to America's GPS called Beidou.

中國有自己的衛星導航系統，叫做北斗，是美國 GPS 的競爭對手。

A Chinese spacecraft has also landed on the far side of the moon to collect samples.

中國的太空梭也登陸了月球的背面，並採集樣本。

And China wants to send its first crewed mission to Mars in 2033.

中國計畫在 2033 年將首次載人任務送往火星。

So, you know, a lot of things have changed now.

所以，你知道的，現在很多事情都改變了。

Perhaps at one point it was the Soviet Union as one of the big space powers.

或許曾經蘇聯是主要的太空強權之一。

that' all going to, I think, set the scene for the discussion we're about to have.

我認為這一切都將為我們即將進行的討論設定場景。

Let's then introduce our special guest for this episode.

那麼，讓我們來介紹本集特別嘉賓。

Professor Chris Newman is Professor of Space Law and Policy at Northumbria University Law School.

Chris Newman 教授是諾森布里亞大學法學院的太空法律與政策教授。

He is actively engaged in research in the emerging field of space law and has been recognized as a National expert on UK and European space law and policy.

他積極投入新興的太空法律領域研究，並被公認為英國及歐洲太空法律與政策的國家級專家。

Chris, thank you for joining beyond the Valley.

Chris，非常感謝你來到 beyond the Valley。

Chris, just wanted to first ask you, have you always been a space nut?

Chris，我想先問你，你一直以來都是太空迷嗎？

I, you know, there's no way of hiding it, there's no way of wrapping it up.

你知道，這沒辦法隱藏，也沒辦法掩飾。

I'd love to tell you that I'm some sort of analytical, you know, expert in it.

我很想告訴你，我是某種分析型的專家。

What you're talking to is an 8 year old boy who got lucky.

你現在看到的是一個幸運的八歲男孩。

我一直都很喜歡裡面的個人故事。

I've loved the great power element behind it.

And increasingly, as my legal career developed, I started applying those questions that, you know, lawyers apply to everyday activities.

而且越來越多，隨著我的法律事業發展，我開始將律師們應用於日常活動的那些問題應用進來。

I started thinking about this in terms of space and what I found was actually there was this great body of work that's already been going on.

我開始從太空的角度思考這個問題，我發現其實已經有許多很棒的工作在進行中了。

You know, there's some real great lawyers who've asked themselves questions about what is law going to be like going forward.

你知道，有些很棒的律師已經開始思考未來的法律會是什麼樣子。

And I think it's really interesting that we're now in a time and I think you're exactly right.

而且我認為現在我們正處於一個時期，而且你說得完全正確，這點真的很有趣。

Space law is in a position where I think cyber law was about 20 years ago.

太空法現在的處境，我覺得就像是二十年前的網路法一樣。

I think we're really starting to see it get operationalized and come to life.

我認為我們真的開始看到它被實際應用並活躍起來。

And you were mentioning before we went to, went to press record that you wanted to probably be an astronaut maybe at one point, but

而且你在我們開始錄影前有提到，你可能曾經想當太空人，但是

the maths, your maths wasn't quite up to scratch.

Is that I should say I've never wanted to be an astronaut.

我應該說我從來沒想過要當太空人。

You need to develop a whole new lifting technology to get me into orbit.

你需要開發全新的升空技術才能把我送入軌道。

But I have always wanted to be part of the space program.

Reading books about life in mission control.

閱讀關於任務控制中心生活的書籍。

it's by one of the, one of the flight controllers and talks about the evolution of flight control.

是由一位飛行管制員寫的，講述飛行控制的演變。

It's by Eugene Krantz, the flight controller from Apollo 13.

這本書是尤金·克蘭茲寫的，他是阿波羅13號的飛行管制員。

I'm too scared to even go up the elevator up to the Apollo rocket.

我太膽小了，連搭電梯到阿波羅火箭都害怕。

Well, Chris, we were going to get into the cultural stuff at the end of the episode, but

好的，Chris，我們會在這一集的最後討論文化內容，但是

I like that you've already put in a little book recommendation early on.

我很喜歡你已經在前面推薦了一本好書。

Let's get into the game show part of the podcast and we'll play stat of the week.

我們來玩播客的遊戲環節，來玩「本週數據」單元。

I know, Chris, you know, stat of the week.

我知道，Chris，你知道，本週數據。

So you gave a nice stat yourself at the start, which was good, but

所以你一開始自己也分享了一個很棒的數據，很好，但是

Like to make a note, Chris, but just to remind myself, but

Chris，我想要記一下，但只是提醒我自己，不過

you don't, I mean, you may remember that better than me.

Before you give us some background, Chris, on what we're talking about today, explain this.

在你跟我們介紹今天我們要講的內容之前，Chris，請先解釋一下。

Can we say almost obsession with space, I mean, a place most of us will never visit and from down here on Earth seems to have very little bearing on our lives.

我們可以說這幾乎是一種對太空的著迷，我是說，一個我們大多數人永遠不會去的地方，而且從地球上看，它似乎對我們的生活影響甚微。

為什麼，為什麼會有這種著迷？

I think there's a number of dimensions to this.

I think the modernity of it is, is one of the things.

我認為它的現代性是其中一個原因。

Fact is it really speaks to human progress.

事實上，它確實體現了人類的進步。

The Moon, for example, has played such a large part in humanity's stories going, you know, going back 20, 30,000 years.

舉例來說，月亮在人類的故事中扮演了非常重要的角色，你知道，可以追溯到兩三萬年前。

People have looked up at the moon, people have worshiped the moon, people have fallen in love under the moon.

人們仰望月亮，人們崇拜月亮，人們在月光下墜入愛河。

People have used the moon for, for all sorts of things.

So it's, it's, it's an actual, it's a real symbol of sort of attaining these, these things that, that humans once thought were mythical and are now very practical and rudimentary elements of our lives.

所以，它，它，它是一個實際的、真實的象徵，象徵著實現那些曾經被人類認為是神話，而現在卻是我們生活中非常實際和基礎的元素。

So I think there's the modernity aspect of it.

所以我認為有這個現代性方面。

I think there's a, for me personally, there's a sense of wonder about it all.

我覺得，對我個人來說，這一切都充滿了奇妙的感覺。

There's a sense of seeing, you know, the seeing us in our, in our true place within the universe.

我覺得這是一種看見，你知道，看見我們在宇宙中的真實位置。

I think there's something really magical and that really appeals to me about that.

我覺得這其中有種很神奇的東西，這點真的很吸引我。

And I also think there's something about the tech side of things, the actual getting there.

而且我也覺得，關於科技的那一面，關於實際到達那裡，也有一些東西。

So I think you've got these three areas which all combined to make perfect stories and it's stories that people want to hear.

所以我覺得你有這三個領域，它們結合起來就成了完美的故事，而這些是人們想聽的故事。

So I think you've got, you know, you look at the Apollo story, you look at the story of Yuri Gagarin, you look at the development of the space station, all of these are stories that add these elements of modernity, these elements of technology, these elements of magic and mythology.

所以我覺得，你知道，你看看阿波羅的故事，看看尤里·加加林的太空人故事，看看太空站的發展，所有這些都是增添了現代感、科技感、魔法和神話感的故事。

And so it's really easy to fall in love with space, or at least it's been really easy for me to find, fall in love with space.

所以，愛上太空真的很容易，或者至少對我來說，發現自己愛上太空真的很容易。

And in terms of, you mentioned the tech, what about the science as well?

還有，你提到了科技，那科學呢？

Because many people go, there's all these massive, very expensive missions to space.

因為很多人會說，有這麼多龐大、昂貴的太空任務。

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印度、中國和美國爭奪新太空時代的霸主地位 (India, China and the U.S. battle for supremacy in the new space age)

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