Name: 中國能否打造出一個全球性的 Android 或 iOS 競爭對手？ (Can China create a global Android or iOS competitor?)
Uploaded: 2025-10-19T18:11:29.000Z
Duration: 31 min 55 s

過去簡單式

Back in 2019, Arjun wrote an article about how Chinese tech firm Huawei was launching its own operating system to one day replace Google Android from its devices and rival the likes of Apple's iOS.

回到 2019 年，Arjun 寫了一篇文章，講述中國科技公司華為如何推出自己的作業系統，希望能有一天取代其裝置上的 Google Android，並與 Apple 的 iOS 等競爭。

to 不定詞

For the last five years, Huawei has rapidly developed HarmonyOS to give it its English name, and

在過去的五年裡，華為快速開發了 HarmonyOS，也就是它的英文名稱，

this week it released a version that will replace Android across all its devices.

這週它發布了一個版本，將取代其所有裝置上的 Android。

It marks a significant moment in China's push for tech independence as trade tensions between it and the US Continue to simmer.

這標誌著中國推動科技獨立的一個重要時刻，因為中國與美國之間的貿易緊張局勢持續升溫。

Let's get straight into it and introduce our special guest.

我們直接進入主題，介紹我們的特別來賓。

Brian Maher is vice president of Client Devices Research, covering mobile phones, tablets, PCs, you name it.

Brian Maher 是客戶裝置研究的副總裁，負責手機、平板電腦、PC 等。

If it's a piece of consumer tech, Brian is happy to talk about it.

只要是消費性科技產品，Brian 都很樂意聊聊。

Brian, thank you for joining us on beyond the Valley.

Brian，謝謝你來參加我們的「超越矽谷」節目。

Well, before you end your day, thank you for joining us and giving us your insight on this kind of breaking story this week, at least.

嗯，在你結束一天之前，謝謝你來參加我們的節目，並分享你對本週這個重大新聞的看法。

I just want to get into a little bit of background.

But before we do that, let's play Stat of the Week, or at least hear Stat of the Week from Arjun.

但在我們開始之前，先來聽聽 Arjun 帶來的「本週數據」。

一萬九千九百九十九元人民幣。

我們在說的是兩千八百美元，對，對。

Wow, that's a really good currency conversion.

哇，這個匯率換算得很不錯喔。

Did you type that into your laptop or did you manage to do that in your head?

你是打在筆記型電腦上，還是在腦袋裡算出來的？

I'd like to say it was the latter, but I'll confess it was the former.

我很想說我是後者，但我得承認是前者。

I needed Brian on my recent trip abroad to help me convert currencies.

我最近出國需要 Brian 幫我換匯。

Brian, let's do a little bit of background then, on HarmonyOS.

Brian，那我們就先來聊聊 HarmonyOS 的一些背景。

Is this something that Huawei has planned for a long time, or was its development purely triggered by the US sanctioning Huawei?

這是華為計畫很久的嗎？還是因為美國制裁華為才催生了它的開發？

So I would say it was accelerated by the sanctions.

Even before the sanctions had hit, they'd been talking about growing, you know, doing this homegrown OS for quite a while.

在制裁發生之前，他們就已經談論了很久要發展自己的作業系統。

But it wasn't quite, at least from an outside observer perspective, it seemed like it was targeting more of fringe use cases, right IOT type use cases.

但從外部觀察者的角度來看，它似乎是針對更多邊緣的應用，像是物聯網（IoT）這類用途。

But then of course, you know, as the sanctions hit, from what I'm guessing is that really, you know, basically put the pedal to the metal and said, whoa, you know, we've really got to be independent here.

但當然，你知道，隨著制裁的發生，我猜測這真的，你知道，基本上就是加足馬力，說「哇，我們真的必須在這裡獨立自主」。

And that's when they came out with harmonyos.

But at that point in time, based on the Android open source version, right?

但那時候，是基於 Android 的開源版本，對吧？

Aosp and that version of course still ran Android apps.

Aosp 和那個版本當然還是能運行 Android 應用程式。

Of course you had to reconfigure the Google services away from it, but

當然，你必須要將 Google 服務從中移除，但是

basically the bulk of those Android apps could still run and hence still at application compatibility.

基本上那些 Android 應用程式的大部分還是能運行，所以應用程式的相容性還是有的。

But I think the thing that we finally saw over this past year and they finally made official last week was, was now They've formally launched HarmonyOS next, right?

但我認為我們終於在過去一年看到，而且他們在上週正式宣佈的，就是他們現在正式推出了 HarmonyOS next，對吧？

Next N E X T the next version of it, which is fully free of AOSP of the Android open source version and basically cannot run a file called an APK file.

Next N E X T，是它的下一個版本，完全擺脫了 AOSP，也就是 Android 的開源版本，而且基本上無法運行一個叫做 APK 檔案的檔案。

APK 檔案基本上就是 Android 應用程式。

So you can no longer take an Android app and run it like you could on the previous version of HarmonyOS.

所以你不能再像之前版本的 HarmonyOS 那樣，把一個 Android 應用程式拿來運行了。

Back then they would just call it HarmonyOS, no next suffix at the end of it.

那時候他們就只稱它為 HarmonyOS，後面沒有 next 這個字尾。

So now that we've reached HarmonyOS 5.0 or HarmonyOS Next, it is free of that.

所以現在我們到了 HarmonyOS 5.0 或 HarmonyOS Next，它就擺脫了那個了。

And hence what that requires is application developers to write native applications where they can't just reuse that Android app.

所以這就要求應用程式開發者撰寫原生應用程式，他們不能只是重複使用那個 Android 應用程式。

So it's been a long time coming back to your original question, but

所以回歸你最初的問題，這已經醞釀很久了，但是

it has morphed into in many ways and really been accelerated by the sanctions.

它在很多方面都演變了，而且因為制裁而大大加速了。

I think just to add a bit more context as well, just to what Brian was saying is Huawei at one point was the biggest smartphone player in the world by market share.

我想補充一點背景，就像 Brian 說的，華為曾經是全球市佔率最大的智慧型手機廠商。

And outside of China, it was using Android and that was partly what helped it become so big.

在中國以外，它使用 Android，這也是它能變得如此龐大的原因之一。

People were able to buy a Huawei phone and know that it was running a recognizable operating system and also key really access to all the apps that were on the Google Play Store, whether it be Facebook or Netflix or Amazon shopping app, whatever it may be.

人們可以買到華為手機，知道它運行的是一個大家熟悉的作業系統，而且也能夠存取 Google Play 商店上的所有應用程式，無論是 Facebook、Netflix 還是 Amazon 購物應用程式，等等。

And that was partly why it was able to grow so big internationally.

這也是它能在國際上快速發展的原因之一。

And when those sanctions hit, it was cut off from Google and its market share was crippled and particularly in the international market.

而當制裁來襲時，它被切斷了與 Google 的聯繫，市佔率也是以受到重創，尤其是在國際市場。

So Brian, as we Talk about the HarmonyOS Next, one of the big issues here is if they've created sort of a standalone independent operating system, is this going to be hard to internationalize in the sense that, you know, if it's a Chinese based operating system and developers need to write apps for it, that would mean, in theory, all the big global apps that are used outside of China would need to create applications for, for a Huawei operating system, which seems a bit of a stretch.

所以 Brian，當我們談論 HarmonyOS Next 時，這裡的一個大問題是，如果他們創造了一個獨立的作業系統，這在國際化方面會不會很困難？也就是說，如果這是一個中國的作業系統，開發者需要為它編寫應用程式，理論上來說，所有在中國以外使用的全球大型應用程式都需要為華為的作業系統創建應用程式，這似乎有點勉強。

Yeah, very much so, you're absolutely right.

是的，非常同意，你說得完全正確。

And in fact, from what I've seen of their announcements of HarmonyOS Next, it is a China only version, so rightly so.

事實上，從我看到的 HarmonyOS Next 的發布訊息來看，它確實是中國專屬版本，這點很合理。

They're prioritizing on their home market.

Even in their home market they're struggling to get, I think they said they had 15,000 apps, native apps on board already, which is pretty darn impressive.

即使在自家市場，我認為他們說已經有 15,000 款原生應用程式上線了，這已經很令人印象深刻了。

But one of the key apps that's needed even for their home market in China is WeChat.

但即使在中國的自家市場，WeChat 也是必需的關鍵應用程式之一。

My understanding is right now they're still in beta.

據我瞭解，目前還在測試階段。

Tencent has been one of the slower ones, granted they've been able to get some of the other big ones on board.

Tencent 算是比較慢的，不過他們確實已經讓其他一些大公司加入。

Douyin is on board, Alipay, a lot of the key critical apps, even Honor of Kings, the killer game in China, that one.

像是抖音、支付寶，很多關鍵的應用程式，甚至中國的熱門遊戲《王者榮耀》也都上線了。

Fortunately there's a native version on it in China.

幸運的是，中國境內已經有原生版本了。

Now to your point, Arjun, what about outside of China?

好了，回到你的問題，Arjun，那中國以外的市場呢？

Right, that's where it gets even harder when, when, when Huawei is even struggling to get its own homegrown China ecosystem of apps on board outside of China, it's an even bigger stretch.

對，這就更困難了，當華為連在中國境內都難以讓自家生態系的應用程式上線時，要在中國以外推廣就更具挑戰性了。

And that goes back to, you know, that earlier question on even when we looked at the Android version of HarmonyOS, the AOSP version, I should say, of Harmony OS.

所以這又回到了，你知道的，之前那個問題，關於我們看 Android 版本的 HarmonyOS，也就是 AOSP 版本，我應該這麼說，Harmony OS 的 AOSP 版本。

Like you said, Arjun, there was, there was no Google services at the time, but

就像你說的，Arjun，當時沒有 Google 服務，但是

You just had to reconfigure those hooks for, for those Harmony services.

你只需要重新設定那些 Harmony 服務的掛鉤。

Right, These HU Mobile services I think they called it.

對，我認為他們稱之為 HU Mobile 服務。

但即使是這樣，開發者們還是很掙扎。

Developers outside of China struggled to convert their apps, if you will.

中國以外的開發者們，如果可以這麼說的話，在轉換他們的應用程式上很掙扎。

Probably the best way of putting it, convert their apps such that they could run on Harmony os.

這可能是最貼切的說法了，轉換他們的應用程式，讓它們能在 HarmonyOS 上執行。

Even though they were Android apps, they were still plugged into these Google services that Google devices no longer had access to.

即使它們是 Android 應用程式，但它們仍然依賴那些 Google 服務，而 Google 裝置已經無法存取了。

So yes, this is an even more difficult leap now because not only do they not have the Google services for those APKs, but

所以，是的，這是一個更困難的躍進，因為不僅僅是那些 APK 沒有 Google 服務，而且

now that Harmony OS can't even run those APKs anymore.

HarmonyOS 現在連那些 APK 都跑不起來了。

現在他們得要寫原生應用程式了。

So yes, it is an absolutely even bigger stretch.

所以說，這確實是個更大的挑戰。

But I think in Huawei's defense, they have said this is a China specific os, at least for the time being.

不過我認為，以華為的角度來看，他們說這是個中國專用的作業系統，至少目前是這樣。

Who knows where their ambitions will go from here.

誰知道他們接下來的野心會發展到哪裡。

But at least for now, I think they're rightly so prioritized on the home market.

但至少目前，我認為他們很合理地將重心放在國內市場。

Frankly, if you look at their hardware shipments, they're basically concentrated in China right now as well for the same reason that you mentioned.

說實話，看看他們的硬體出貨量，也因為你提到的相同原因，基本上都集中在中國。

You try to sell Huawei phone in Western Europe, in parts of Asia Pacific, wherever it might be.

你試著在西歐、亞洲太平洋地區，或任何地方賣華為手機。

There's basically very little in terms of apps, in terms of an apps ecosystem available for users, which dramatically draws down the value of the device, the utility of the device.

基本上，應用程式、應用程式生態系統的選擇非常少，這大大降低了裝置的價值和實用性。

字幕列表影片播放

中國能否打造出一個全球性的 Android 或 iOS 競爭對手？ (Can China create a global Android or iOS competitor?)

episode

sort

significant

scenario