Name: 人類學家海倫-費舍爾解讀浪漫愛情學 (The science of romantic love, explained an anthropologist | Helen Fisher)
Uploaded: 2025-10-17T18:29:05.000Z
Duration: 16 min 55 s

No matter what their gods were, what they did for a living, what they wore, the songs they sang, everything varies except love.

不論他們的信仰是什麼、他們靠什麼維生、他們穿什麼、唱什麼歌，一切都不同，唯獨愛一樣。

基礎被動語態

So I became convinced that this was a real thing, that we were built somehow to form partnerships.

所以我確信這是一件真實的事，我們天生就好像是為了建立伴侶關係而存在的。

And then the day came when I thought to myself, well, then it must be something in the brain.

然後有一天，我心想，嗯，那一定是大腦裡的某種東西。

I really began by wondering why we bothered to pair up at all.

我一開始真的很好奇，為什麼我們要費心去配對。

And I looked at the demographic yearbooks of the United nations.

然後我看了聯合國的人口統計年鑑。

historically traditional societies hunting together societies, every single culture in the world has some mechanism for people to form some sort of partnership to rear their babies as a team.

在歷史上，傳統社會，狩獵採集社會，世界上每一個文化，都有某種機制讓人們組成某種夥伴關係，一起撫養他們的嬰兒。

And so I really started by looking at the demographic yearbooks of the United nations, reading over 90 ethnographic studies of hunter gatherers and agrarian peoples and herding peoples, et cetera.

我一開始就看聯合國的人口統計年鑑，閱讀了九十幾份關於狩獵採集者、農業民族和牧業民族等等的人種誌研究。

And I remember I was walking along in Greenwich Village, was about three o' clock on a weekday afternoon, and

我記得當時我走在格林威治村，是一個平日下午三點左右，

I suddenly thought to myself, these three brain systems must have evolved sex drive, feelings of intense romantic love and feelings of attachment.

我突然想到，這三個大腦系統一定是演化出了性慾、強烈的浪漫愛情和依戀的感覺。

I remember even where I was standing, and

I thought, maybe if I could put people into a brain scanner, I could find the basic brain pathways, the basic brain circuitry of these three basic brain systems.

我想，也許我能把人放進腦部掃描器裡，就能找到這三個基本大腦系統的基本大腦通路、基本大腦迴路。

A lot of people have studied the sex drive.

We know some of the hormones, we know the pathways really.

我們知道一些荷爾蒙，我們知道那些通路。

I mean, to some extent, certainly, but quite a bit about the sex drive.

我的意思是，在某種程度上，當然，但對性慾有相當多的瞭解。

So I felt that it was more important for me to study romantic love and feelings of attachment.

所以我認為研究浪漫愛情和依戀的感覺對我來說更重要。

And I focused on romantic love because people really do think it's part of the supernatural.

我專注於浪漫愛情，因為人們真的認為它是超自然的一部分。

Most people don't kill themselves over an attachment.

大多數人不會因為依戀而自殺。

I mean, it is such a powerful brain system that I thought to myself, it.

我的意思是，這是一個如此強大的大腦系統，我心想，它。

If I can figure out what's happening in the brain, maybe I can help people understand this.

如果我能弄清楚大腦裡發生了什麼，也許我能幫助人們理解這一點。

And in fact, maybe not even kill themselves when they are rejected.

而且事實上，他們被拒絕時，也許甚至不會自殺。

Some people respond very dramatically and some people can get over it relatively quickly.

有些人反應非常戲劇化，而有些人可以相對較快地走出來。

這是一個如此強大的大腦系統。

我的意思是，世界各地都是如此。

It's very interesting because, you know, I was talking to a man who, an anthropologist who studies the people in China.

這很有趣，因為，你知道，我正在和一位研究中國人的人類學家哈拉。

Well, he didn't read any of their love poetry.

嗯，他沒有讀過他們的任何情詩。

Everywhere in the world there's poetry and songs and dances and dramas that express love.

世界各地都有表達愛的詩歌、歌曲、舞蹈和戲劇。

So he went back to China and he said to his assistant, who was Chinese, he said, well, I mean, in China they don't love.

所以他回到中國，對他的中國助手說，我的意思是，在中國，他們沒有愛。

And the assistant broke down, started crying and said, I have a woman who doesn't love me.

助手崩潰了，開始哭泣，說，我有一個不愛我的女人。

And that sent him on to studying romantic love in China.

這讓他開始研究中國的浪漫愛情。

And when you look around the world, I mean, the poetry.

當你環顧世界時，我的意思是，那些詩歌。

You know, a lot of anthropologists study potsherds or post holes or arrowheads or all kinds of more sophisticated things.

你知道，很多人類學家研究陶片、柱洞、箭頭或各種更複雜的東西。

But I really like to read poetry because I think it's a basic artifact of this basic brain system.

但我真的很喜歡讀詩，因為我認為它是這個基本大腦系統的基本人造物。

I remember one poet by a China Chinese person, and it was something like this.

我記得一位中國詩人寫的，大概是這樣。

It was something like, you know, I cannot bear to put away the bamboo sleeping mat.

大概是，你知道，我捨不得收起竹蓆。

The night I brought you home, I watched you roll it out.

你回家的那個晚上，我看著你把它鋪開。

Even the things that a lover touches in your house acquire meaning.

即使是愛人觸碰家裡的物品，也會獲得意義。

The brain acquires meaning to anything that has to do with romance and attachment.

大腦會賦予與浪漫和依戀相關的一切意義。

It's so profound, profoundly basic to who we are.

這非常深刻，深刻地構成我們之所以為我們。

Because if you don't love and you don't attach, you don't have babies and you don't send your DNA into tomorrow, and

因為如果你不愛，也不依戀，你就沒有孩子，也無法將你的 DNA 傳遞到未來，

從達爾文的角度來看，你就輸了。

People don't think that other animals love.

I've really looked at a lot of other animals and they do love.

我真的看過很多其他動物，牠們確實會愛。

I call it animal magnetism or animal romance.

我稱之為動物磁性或動物浪漫。

And you can see a rat suddenly feel a very intense interest in another rat.

你可以看到一隻老鼠突然對另一隻老鼠產生非常強烈的興趣。

In elephants, it lasts for about five days.

在大象身上，這會持續大約五天。

在狐狸身上，這可以持續很長時間。

But most other animals don't form a partnership.

但大多數其他動物不會形成伴侶關係。

They feel that intense attraction, animal attraction, animal magnetism.

牠們感受到強烈的吸引力，動物性的吸引力，動物的魅力。

And we now know that that attraction is basically the same brain system as our brain system of feelings, of romantic.

而我們現在知道，這種吸引力基本上跟我們的情感、浪漫的大腦系統是相同的大腦系統。

He even thought that butterflies felt that attraction and that this was sort of a, oh, a primordial beginning of this attraction system that became incredibly elaborate in the human animal.

他甚至認為蝴蝶也會感受到那種吸引力，而這 sort of 是一種，哦，這種吸引力系統的原始開端，後來在人類動物身上變得極其複雜。

All kinds of other animals feel romance, but it doesn't last very long.

各種其他動物都有浪漫的感覺，但持續不了多久。

在人類身上，可以持續數月或數年。

Actually, we've been able to prove that romantic love can last many years.

事實上，我們已經證明瞭浪漫愛情可以持續很多年。

For human Romantic love and feelings of deep attachment evolved probably 4.4 million years ago, our ancestors were being forced out of the trees.

人類的浪漫愛情和深層依戀感大約在四百四十萬年前演化，那時我們的祖先正被迫離開樹林。

They were going to have to come down onto the ground because the trees were disappearing and move through very dangerous open grasslands to another group of trees and collect what they could on the ground before they went to eat in a place unmolested by predators.

他們必須下到地面，因為樹木正在消失，必須穿越非常危險的開闊草原，前往另一片樹林，並在被掠食者騷擾前，收集地上的東西來吃。

And with the beginning of carrying sticks and stones to protect themselves and food to eat, they began to have to walk on two legs instead of four.

隨著開始攜帶樹枝和石頭來保護自己和食物，他們不得不開始用兩條腿走路，而不是四條腿。

Chimpanzees walk on four legs and they've got their on their back.

黑猩猩用四條腿走路，牠們的（孩子）在背上。

We began to have to walk up on two legs instead of four, which meant that females began to have to carry their babies in their arms instead of on their backs.

我們開始不得不用兩條腿走路，而不是四條腿，這意味著女性必須開始用手臂抱著她們的嬰兒，而不是放在背上。

Now, how is a 4 million year old female going to have to carry the equivalent of a 20 pound bowling ball in one arm and sticks and stones in the other and protect and feed herself?

那麼，一個四百萬年前的女性要怎麼用一隻手臂抱著相當於二十磅的保齡球，另一隻手拿著樹枝和石頭，同時保護自己和覓食呢？

She began to need a partner to help protect her while she moved along.

她開始需要一個伴侶來幫助她在移動時保護她。

And how could a male 4 million years ago protect a whole group of females?

而四百萬年前的男性要如何保護一群女性呢？

And so we went over what I call the monogamy threshold, a threshold so in which the female needed a partner to help her raise her baby at least through infancy.

就這樣，我們跨越了我所說的一夫一妻制的門檻，這個門檻讓女性需要一個伴侶來幫助她至少在嬰兒期撫養孩子。

And males needed to protect at least one female with his DNA in her.

而男性則需要保護至少一位體內帶有他基因的女性。

And of course, you know, females needed a male who wanted to stick around.

當然，你知道的，女性也需要一位願意留下來的男性。

Those that didn't stick around didn't have the babies and didn't pass their DNA onto you and me, leaving in the human creature today, both men and women with a tremendous capacity to fall in love, form a partnership and raise their children as a team.

那些沒有留下來的，就沒有留下後代，也沒有將他們的基因傳給你們和我，這才造就了今天的人類，無論男女，都擁有愛上一個人、建立伴侶關係並像團隊一樣撫養孩子的巨大能力。

So the bottom line is, along with that, we began to evolve our human brain pathways for human romantic love and feelings of deep attachment.

所以總而言之，伴隨著這些，我們開始演化出人類大腦中負責浪漫愛情和深層依戀感的大腦通路。

So I began to believe that if I looked into the brain, I could find the brain circuitry of romantic love.

是以我開始相信，如果我深入研究大腦，就能找到浪漫愛情的大腦迴路。

So I assembled a team and began to put people in the scanner.

於是我組建了一個團隊，開始將人們放入掃描器。

And what I ended up with is the following protocol or research design.

最後我設計出了以下的協議或研究方法。

They would look at a picture of their sweetheart that called forth the wonderful feelings of romantic love.

他們會看著他們心上人的照片，這張照片會喚起浪漫愛情的美妙感受。

And they would also look at a photograph of somebody who called forth no emotions, no positive or negative emotions.

同時他們也會看著一張照片，照片裡的人不會喚起任何情感，沒有正面的也沒有負面的情感。

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人類學家海倫-費舍爾解讀浪漫愛情學 (The science of romantic love, explained an anthropologist | Helen Fisher)

intense

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extremely

matter