Name: 水下導航（為什麼我們不能只使用指南針） (Underwater Navigation (Why we DON'T just use a Compass!))
Uploaded: 2025-05-13T05:48:13.000Z
Duration: 8 min 59 s

Underwater navigation is both a science and an art form.

水下航行既是一門科學，也是一門藝術。

Guys, in today's video we're gonna be talking about how we combine several different navigation techniques to explore different dive sites and to make it safely back to the boat.

夥計們，在今天的視頻中，我們將講述如何結合幾種不同的導航技術來探索不同的潛水點，並安全返回船上。

If you haven't yet subscribed to the channel, definitely hit that subscribe button so that you never miss a dive because in each video we try to explore a different dive site and talk about different aspects of scuba diving along the way.

如果您還沒有訂閱該頻道，一定要點擊訂閱按鈕，這樣您就不會錯過任何一次潛水，因為在每個視頻中，我們都會嘗試探索不同的潛水地點，並沿途討論潛水的不同方面。

So in today's video we're gonna be diving a little frequented site called Truck Lagoon.

在今天的視頻中，我們將潛入一個常去的小景點，名叫 "卡車瀉湖"。

Croix and it's between two very popular sites, the shallow wrecks of Butler Bay and Armageddon.

它位於兩個非常受歡迎的地點之間，即巴特勒灣（Butler Bay）和世界末日（Armageddon）的淺海沉船點。

We've done videos on each of those so make sure to check out those videos at the end of this one.

我們已經分別製作了相關視頻，是以請務必在本篇末尾查看這些視頻。

But let's hop in the water, talk about navigation and see if we can't make it safely back to the boat.

不過，讓我們跳進水裡，談談導航，看看能不能安全回到船上。

Our dive begins at the stern of the wreck of the Northwind, a 75-foot long tug.

我們的潛水活動從北風號沉船的船尾開始，這是一艘 75 英尺長的拖船。

It's a pretty prominent landmark and makes the perfect reference point for not only beginning our dive but also ending it.

這是一個非常顯眼的地標，不僅是我們開始潛水的完美參照點，也是結束潛水的完美參照點。

When we talk about underwater navigation while scuba diving, it's often a focus on just one thing, like how to use a compass.

當我們談論水肺潛水時的水下導航時，往往只關注一件事，比如如何使用指南針。

But in practice, superior navigation is the combination of several things including using a compass, natural navigation and something called cognitive mapping.

但在實踐中，卓越的導航技術是多個方面的結合，包括使用指南針、自然導航和一種叫做認知繪圖的東西。

Let's first focus on our compass and defining what natural navigation is.

首先，讓我們關注指南針，定義什麼是自然導航。

Natural navigation is using our surroundings to find our way.

自然導航就是利用我們周圍的環境來找到方向。

This truck chassis is a perfect example of something we can use as a reference point on this dive.

這輛卡車底盤就是一個完美的例子，我們可以將它作為這次潛水的參考點。

We'll be identifying several natural landmarks scattered in the sand that can assist us in navigating.

我們將找出散落在沙地上的幾個自然地標，它們可以幫助我們導航。

Your job is to see if you can remember them and remember where we're at relative to them.

你的任務就是看看自己能否記住它們，並記住我們現在的位置。

Of course, the best way to begin our dive is to get our bearings by first taking a compass heading between our first two natural landmarks.

當然，開始潛水的最佳方法是先在我們的前兩個自然地標之間用羅盤定向，以確定我們的方位。

In this case, we headed out at about 210 degrees to the southwest from the wreck of the Northwind to the first couple of truck chassis.

在這種情況下，我們從 "北風 "號的殘骸向西南方向大約 210 度的方向駛去，到達最初的幾輛卡車底盤。

But in order to understand how we did this, let's first about the parts of a compass.

不過，為了瞭解我們是如何做到這一點的，讓我們先來了解一下指南針的各個部分。

Looking at the face of the compass, there is a red line down the center.

看羅盤的表面，中間有一條紅線。

The lubber line is what we use to point in the direction we want to travel.

潤滑油線是我們用來指明前進方向的。

Next, we're going to look at the side of the compass because we're not going to read the compass heading from the top.

接下來，我們要看看羅盤的側面，因為我們不會從頂部讀取羅盤航向。

We read it from the heading window on the side.

我們從側面的標題窗口讀到的。

Another part of the compass is the bezel.

This part rotates around the outside of the compass.

If you rotate the bezel so that the two little tick marks indicating north on the bezel straddle north on the floating compass, it can help you keep your heading.

如果旋轉表圈，使表圈上訓示北方的兩個小刻度橫跨浮動指南針上的北方，就能幫助您保持航向。

Looking out across the sand, we find another patch reef with a truck chassis up on it.

放眼望去，我們發現沙地上還有一塊礁石，上面有一輛卡車底盤。

When crossing long distances, it's best not to get fixated on the compass.

在穿越長距離時，最好不要迷戀指南針。

If you focus too heavily on the compass, you can begin to chase it, which can create a scenario where you're constantly swimming in a zigzagging pattern, or worse, permanently getting yourself off course.

如果你過於關注指南針，就會開始追逐指南針，這可能會導致你不斷以 "之 "字形模式游泳，或者更糟糕的是，讓自己永遠偏離航向。

Rather glance at the compass at regular intervals to ensure your heading is correct, then look up to verify that your course over the seafloor is still in line with your intended destination.

相反，每隔一段時間就看一眼羅盤，以確保航向正確，然後再抬頭確認你在海底的航線是否與預定目的地保持一致。

If you can't see your final destination because of low visibility, it's too far away, or a combination of both, then apply more natural navigation techniques to assist.

如果因為能見度低、距離太遠或兩者兼而有之而無法看到最終目的地，那麼可以使用更自然的導航技術來提供幫助。

Pick a spot a few yards or meters ahead of you that is in line with your compass heading and swim towards it.

在前方几碼或幾米處選擇一個與指南針方向一致的地點，然後朝它游去。

Almost anything works for this, from a small patch of seagrass to a larger coral head to a discoloration in the sand.

從一小片海草到一個較大的珊瑚頭，再到沙子上的變色，幾乎任何東西都可以用來做這個。

Once you pass it, verify your heading again on your compass and pick another spot up ahead to navigate towards, and repeat the process until you have your final destination in sight, then swim towards it.

通過它後，再次用指南針確認航向，然後選擇前方的另一個地點航行，重複這一過程，直到看到最終目的地，然後向它游去。

If there is a current, it can affect your navigation significantly, and you may need to compensate for it, even if it is relatively weak.

如果有電流，會對導航造成很大影響，即使電流相對較弱，您也可能需要對其進行補償。

Although the strength of the current is important to note, for navigation the direction of the current is the biggest concern.

雖然水流的強弱很重要，但對於航行來說，水流的方向才是最大的問題。

If the current is pushing directly behind you, it'll speed up your rate of travel.

如果水流直接在你身後推動，就會加快你的行進速度。

As a result, things happen faster, so if you're off course a little, you'll have less time to make a correction.

是以，事情發生得更快，所以如果你稍稍偏離了方向，你就沒有那麼多時間來糾正。

If you're swimming directly into the current, it'll slow you down, which isn't particularly problematic, but what is problematic is when the current is on your side, which is often the case when swimming back towards shore with a longshore current present.

如果你直接遊向水流，水流會減慢你的速度，這並不是什麼大問題，但問題是當水流在你這邊的時候，也就是在有長岸流的情況下游回岸邊的時候。

In this case, you'll need to alter your heading slightly into the current to compensate for the current continuously pushing against you.

在這種情況下，你需要稍稍改變你的航向，以補償水流對你的持續衝擊。

This is called crabbing into the current.

Pilots do this all the time to counter the effects of a crosswind when flying an airplane, and the goal is to maintain a straight course over ground to your destination.

飛行員在駕駛飛機時經常這樣做，以抵消橫風的影響，目的是在地面上保持直線航線，到達目的地。

This again is achieved by altering your compass heading and swimming slightly into the current, and the stronger the current, the more you'll need to swim into it to keep a straight line to where you're going.

要做到這一點，同樣需要改變羅盤航向，稍微順著水流遊，水流越急，你就越需要順著水流遊，才能保持直線遊向你要去的地方。

If you don't, the current will continue to push you sideways, and you'll miss your final destination, even though your compass heading was continuously pointing in the right direction.

如果你不這樣做，水流會繼續把你推向一邊，你就會錯過最終目的地，即使你的指南針航向一直指向正確的方向。

Combining natural navigation with good compass work is a solid foundation for good navigation, but applying cognitive mapping can make it even better.

將自然導航與良好的指南針工作相結合是良好導航的堅實基礎，但應用認知繪圖可以使導航效果更好。

但關於這一點，我們稍後再談。

We've now reached the turning point in our dive, which is at the edge of Armageddon in 65 feet or 20 meters of water, and it's time to turn back.

我們現在已經到達了下潛的轉捩點，也就是在 65 英尺或 20 米水深的末日邊緣，是時候回頭了。

Cognitive mapping is accumulating spatial knowledge in order to visualize images and enhance recall.

認知繪圖是一種空間知識的積累，目的是使影像可視化並增強記憶。

In short, it's creating a map of where you've been in your mind's eye to the point where you can visualize it and see it as if it's tangible, and remember it so that you can trace it backwards to where you started.

簡而言之，就是在你的腦海中繪製一張你曾經去過的地方的地圖，讓你能夠直觀地看到它，就像它是實實在在的一樣，並且記住它，這樣你就可以追溯到你的起點。

Like learning to use a compass, creating a cognitive map of the environment around you is a skill that needs to be developed and practiced over time, and it can only be achieved by being actively engaged in the world around you.

就像學習使用指南針一樣，繪製周圍環境的認知地圖也是一項需要長期培養和練習的技能，而且只有通過積極參與周圍的世界才能實現。

As it applies to scuba diving, this means you'll need to train your brain to become acutely aware of everything you see, remembering where different navigational landmarks were located, where they are in relation to each other, and what direction you decided to go after reaching them.

對於水肺潛水來說，這意味著您需要訓練大腦敏銳地感知您所看到的一切，記住不同導航地標的位置、它們之間的相互關係以及到達它們之後您決定前往的方向。

Alternatively, you can also bring a slate with you and create a physical map of the dive site as you go.

或者，您也可以帶上一塊石板，邊走邊繪製潛水地點的實體地圖。

Layering in cognitive mapping or creating a physical map of the dive site can be immensely powerful when navigating underwater, but relying solely on cognitive mapping or a physical map you've just created on your slate can lead to trouble as our internal instincts can sometimes lead us astray, which is why we always apply cognitive mapping as a navigational technique in addition to using compass and applying natural navigation.

在水下導航時，分層繪製認知地圖或繪製潛水地點的實體地圖可以發揮巨大的作用，但僅僅依靠認知地圖或您剛剛在石板上繪製的實體地圖可能會導致麻煩，因為我們的內在直覺有時會將我們引入歧途，這就是為什麼我們在使用指南針和自然導航之外，總是將認知地圖作為一種導航技術。

Now many times you'll be with a local dive guide that will have an intimate knowledge of the area and will navigate for you.

現在，很多時候您會與當地的潛水嚮導在一起，他們對該地區非常熟悉，會為您導航。

Hiring a local guide is always a good idea, particularly if you're diving somewhere you've never been before, but next time you're with that guide, challenge yourself to keep track of where you're going and how to get back.

聘請當地嚮導始終是個好主意，尤其是當您要去一個從未去過的地方潛水時，但下一次與嚮導一起潛水時，您要挑戰自己，記下您要去的地方以及如何返回。

This will help you become a more aware and confident diver in a safe environment.

這將幫助您在安全的環境中成為一名更有覺悟和自信的潛水員。

In the day, navigation is a skill that must be maintained and continuously refined.

在白天，導航是一項必須保持和不斷完善的技能。

A navigation course will get you started, but it's up to you to apply what you've learned and continue to develop and maintain good navigational skills.

導航課程會讓您入門，但能否學以致用，繼續發展和保持良好的導航技能，則取決於您自己。